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Storage Media (storage + media)
Selected AbstractsA Quantitative Analysis Of Propolis: A Promising New Storage Media Following AvulsionAUSTRALIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 2 2004Article first published online: 11 FEB 2010 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Viability of fibroblasts in a novel probiotic storage mediaDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2010E Çaglar The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the number of viable PDL cells of avulsed teeth treated by Hank's Balanced Salt Solutions (HBSS), saline, a novel probiotic solution and milk. Thirty-six freshly extracted single-rooted human teeth with closed apices were divided into one of the four experimental groups and two control groups (N = 6 each). The positive and negative controls corresponded to 0 min and an 8-h dry time respectively. Following extraction, the coronal 3 mm of PDL tissue was scraped with a #15 scalpel to remove cells that might have been damaged. The experimental teeth were dried for 30 min followed by a 45 min immersion in one of the four experimental media. Each experimental tooth, after drying and soaking, was incubated for 30 min with a 2.5 ml solution of 0.2 mg ml,1 of collagenase CLS II and a 2.4 mg ml,1 solution of dispase grade II in phosphate buffer saline (PBS). The cells were then labelled with 0.4% Trypan blue for determination of viability. The teeth stored in positive control demonstrated the highest number of viable PDL cells followed in rank order by HBSS, saline, Lactobacillus reuteri solution and milk. There was no significant difference in the number of viable PDL cells between HBSS, milk, L. reuteri solution and saline. Within the parameters of this study, it appears that probiotic may be able to maintain PDL cell viability as HBSS, milk, or saline. [source] Review of recommendations for the management of dental trauma presented in first-aid textbooks and manualsDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2010Katarzyna Emerich Proper information in first-aid textbooks and manuals should be the best way to present necessary procedures on how to act at the site of injury. The objective of this review is to report the quality of the knowledge presented in first-aid books and manuals. Methods:, We carried out a review of first-aid international textbooks and manuals available in Medical University Libraries in Poland. The inclusion criteria were all manuals on first-aid that were written for medical staff and lay persons, and were published between 1969 and 2007. All texts were screened for dental trauma treatment recommendations. Results:, Our literature review has shown that among 45 first-aid textbooks and manuals only 19 mention procedures for use in case of dental trauma. Of those texts, only 13 detail the storage media for an avulsed tooth until replantation. Conclusions:, Current, evidence-based, recommendations concerning first-aid procedures after dental trauma should be incorporated in forthcoming editions of first-aid textbooks and manuals. The guidance on procedures contained in reviewed texts is misleading. [source] Effect of temperature and storage media on human periodontal ligament fibroblast viabilityDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2010Beatriz Dulcineia Mendes Souza The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of several storage media to preserve cultured periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) under different temperatures. The media tested were: sterile Hank's balanced salt solution (sHBSS), non-sterile HBSS (nHBSS), skimmed milk, Save-A-Tooth®, Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) and water (negative control). MEM at 37°C was used as positive control. PDLF were obtained from explants of extracted healthy human teeth. Plates containing confluent PDLF were soaked in the various media for 3, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h at 37°C and 20°C. After incubation, viability of the cells was determined using the tetrazolium salt-based colorimetric (MTT) assay and the Trypan Blue exclusion test after 6, 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation at 20°C. The results were analyzed statistically using Kruskal,Wallis, Scheffé and Mann,Whitney (, = 5%) tests. Results from the MTT assay at 37°C and 20°C showed that skimmed milk was the best storage medium for up to 24 and 48 h, respectively, followed by nHBSS and sHBSS. Results from the Trypan Blue exclusion test showed that the best storage media were milk, sHBSS and nHBSS, with no statistical differences, for any time period. The Save-A-Tooth® had a detrimental effect on cells after 24 h. The influence of temperature on the effectiveness of the storage media tested showed at 20°C a decreasing order of efficacy as follows: milk > sHBSS and nHBSS > MEM > Save-A-Tooth® > water while at 37°C it was: MEM > nHBSS > milk > sHBSS > Save-A-Tooth® > water. In conclusion, incubation temperature altered the effectiveness of the storage media and skimmed milk at 20°C was better than HBSS in maintaining PDLF viability. [source] Effect of storage media on human periodontal ligament cell apoptosisDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2008Mónica M. Chamorro However, the mechanisms by which different storage conditions alter the functional status of PDL cells have not been determined. The purpose of the present study was to investigate, in vitro, the level of programed cell death or apoptosis in a population of PDL cells following storage under different conditions. Primary human PDL cells were plated into 24-well-culture plates and allowed to attach for 24 h. Cells were then exposed for 1 h to milk, Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), Soft Wear contact lens solution or Gatorade at room temperature or on ice. Culture medium was used as a negative control. Apoptosis was evaluated at 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment on quadruplicate samples by using the ST 160 ApopTag Fluorescein Direct In Situ Detection Kit. The total number of cells and the total number of apoptotic cells were counted. The results indicated that at 24 and 72 h, PDL treated with Gatorade and the contact lens solution displayed the highest percentages of apoptotic cells when compared with the other treatment groups at room temperature. Overall, cells treated on ice showed significantly lower levels of apoptosis when compared with treatments at room temperature. In conclusion, the results indicated that apoptosis plays a major role in cell death in cells treated with Gatorade and contact lens solutions in comparison to other storage solutions and that storage on ice can inhibit programed cell death. [source] Physical education undergraduates and dental trauma knowledgeDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2005Sônia Regina Panzarini Abstract,,, The aim of the present study was to assess the level of knowledge of undergraduates from the College of Physical Education (Toledo, Araçatuba) concerning dental avulsion injuries. Data showed that 95% of the respondents did not know what dental avulsion is, 73.5% said they know how to define dental replantation, however, only 26% were able to do it correctly. When asked about first emergency measures after an avulsion, 50% of the respondents said they know what they should do, and the most cited measure was to seek a dentist. When asked about optimal storage media, 45.5% would keep it in a favorable one, and 28% did not know where to keep the tooth until treatment. Only 25.6% indicated a suitable extra-oral time for replantation; 90.3% of the respondents had received no advice about the emergency management of dental avulsion; 90% said they consider this an important and necessary subject. The results indicated that educational campaigns are necessary to improve the emergency management of dental injuries by those future P.E. professors for a better prognosis of dental replantation. [source] Dental trauma management knowledge among a group of teachers in two south European citiesDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2005Esber Çaglar Abstract,,, The purpose of the present study is to assess the teachers' knowledge regarding dental trauma management in two south European cities. A three-part questionnaire comprised of questions on demographic data and knowledge was distributed to teachers in Porto and Istanbul. Seventy-eight teachers participated in the study; 23 had previously had formal dental trauma education. From the teachers interviewed, 58 of them admitted having no knowledge of dental trauma. Concerning knowledge, 29 teachers from Porto and 12 from Istanbul thought dental trauma emergency should be dealt with immediately. Knowledge of optimal storage media for avulsed permanent teeth was especially poor. In the present study, the majority of teachers did not know the importance of tetanus vaccine control in dental trauma. It is recommended that public education targeted at teachers should be carried out to increase dental trauma management knowledge. [source] Assessment of post-traumatic PDL cells viability by a novel collagenase assayDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2002Roberta Pileggi Abstract,,,Both length of extra-alveolar time and type of storage media are significant factors that can affect the long-term prognosis for replanted teeth. Numerous studies have examined various media in an attempt to determine the ideal material for storage of the avulsed tooth. The purpose of this study was to compare the number of viable periodontium ligament (PDL) cells in different storage media using a collagenase assay. Thirty-three freshly extracted human teeth were divided into four experimental and two control groups. The positive and negative controls corresponded to 0 min and an 8-h dry time, respectively. The experimental teeth were stored dry for 30 min and then immersed in one of four media (Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS), milk, saline, water) for 45 min. The teeth were then treated with dispase grade II and collagenase for 30 min. The number of viable and nonviable PDL cells was counted with a hemocytometer and analyzed. An anova demonstrated no statistically significant differences in the viability of PDL cells among saline, HBSS and milk. Within the parameters of this study, it appears that milk or saline is an equally viable alternative to HBSS for storage of avulsed teeth. [source] In vitro viability, mitogenicity and clonogenic capacity of periodontal ligament cells after storage in four media at room temperatureDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2000M. Ashkenazi Abstract , The choice of storage medium for preserving traumatically avulsed teeth is important for the success of future replantation. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of four recommended storage media (Hank's balanced salt solution [HBSS], culture medium, , minimal essential medium [,-MEM], and ViaSpan) to preserve cultured periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) at room temperature (22°C). PDLF were obtained from explants of extracted healthy human teeth. Plates with confluent PDLF were soaked in the various media for 2, 8 and 24 h at room temperature. A control group was incubated with culture medium at 37°C. After incubation, viability of the cells was determined by trypan blue exclusion test. Viable cells were then analyzed for mitogenic (with thymidine) and clonogenic capacity (by culturing one cell/well). Viability of PDLF stored up to 24 h was comparable in all tested media, and the differences were limited to 1%,3%. PDLF stored for up to 24 h in various media had statistically comparable mitogenicity to the control group. After 8 h of storage, the differences were limited to 2%,9%, except for the ,-MEM group which had 23%,29% lower mitogenic capacity compared to the control group. Increasing the storage time up to 24 h further decreased the mitogenicity of the cells by 22%,47%. The highest mitogenicity after 24 h of storage was found in PDLF stored in culture medium or HBSS, and the lowest in ,-MEM. PDLF stored for 2,8 h in various media had a comparable clonogenic capacity to the control group. However, after 24 h, the cells' clonogenic ability dropped by 14%,66%. A similar trend of reduction was noted in the mitogenic and clonogenic capacity, although it was statistically significant only in the clonogenic capacity. Culture medium and ViaSpan, followed by HBSS, were the most effective in preserving the clonogenic capacity of PDLF after 24 h of storage. The lowest clonogenic capacity after 24 h of storage was in the ,-MEM group (66%, P<0.0025). In conclusion, culture medium, followed by HBSS and ViaSpan, was the most effective media for preserving the viability, mitogenicity and clonogenic capacity of PDLF stored for up to 24 h at room temperature. The lowest functional abilities were found in PDLF stored in ,-MEM. [source] Mesoporous Systems for the Preparation of Ordered Magnetic Nanowire Arrays,ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS, Issue 4 2005A. Eliseev Some tendencies in data storage technologies based on magnetic nanostructures are discussed and a novel approach to anisotropic magnetic nanoparticles which can be used as an active components of magnetic storage media is proposed by the authors [source] Controllable Shifts in Threshold Voltage of Top-Gate Polymer Field-Effect Transistors for Applications in Organic Nano Floating Gate MemoryADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 2 2010Kang-Jun Baeg Abstract Organic field-effect transistor (FET) memory is an emerging technology with the potential to realize light-weight, low-cost, flexible charge storage media. Here, solution-processed poly[9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl]-co-(bithiophene)] (F8T2) nano floating gate memory (NFGM) with a top-gate/bottom-contact device configuration is reported. A reversible shift in the threshold voltage (VTh) and reliable memory characteristics was achieved by the incorporation of thin Au nanoparticles (NPs) as charge storage sites for negative charges (electrons) at the interface between polystyrene and cross-linked poly(4-vinylphenol). The F8T2 NFGM showed relatively high field-effect mobility (µFET) (0.02,cm2 V,1 s,1) for an amorphous semiconducting polymer with a large memory window (ca. 30,V), a high on/off ratio (more than 104) during writing and erasing with an operation voltage of 80,V of gate bias in a relatively short timescale (less than 1,s), and a retention time of a few hours. This top-gated polymer NFGM could be used as an organic transistor memory element for organic flash memory. [source] Fixed Energy Storage Technology Applied for DC Electrified RailwayIEEJ TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING, Issue 3 2010Takeshi Konishi Member Abstract The fixed energy storage system solves the problem of rising energy costs by reducing primary energy consumption. Without a fixed energy storage system, the energy generated by a braking vehicle would be simply converted into waste heat by its braking resistors if no other vehicles are powered simultaneously. Because, as a rule, such synchronized braking and powering cannot be coordinated, the energy storage system stores the energy generated during braking and discharges it again when a vehicle is powered. This greatly reduces primary energy demand in the substation. However, in addition to this energy saving, the energy storage system contributes to the reduction of CO2 emissions. The energy storage system also stabilizes the system voltage. Recent years have witnessed an advance in the energy storage media technology. Developments of energy storage media, lithium ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, and electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) have been remarkable. This study introduces technologies of fixed energy storage system applicable for DC electrified railway in Japan, and describes two examples of charge/discharge characteristics. Copyright © 2010 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [source] Sorption and solubility testing of orthodontic bonding cements in different solutionsJOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH, Issue 2 2006Manuel Toledano Abstract To evaluate and compare the solubility and sorption of orthodontic bonding cements after immersion in different solutions, five different cements were used: a fluoride-containing resin composite, a light-cured glass ionomer cement, a light-cured resin composite, a paste,paste chemically cured resin composite, and a liquid,paste chemically cured resin composite. Five different solutions were employed: distilled water, artificial saliva, an alcohol-free mouthrinse solution (Orthokin), a 5% alcohol mouthrinse solution (Perioaid), and a 75% ethanol/water solution. Five disc specimens (15 mm × 0.85 mm) were used for each experimental condition. Materials were handled following manufacturers' instructions and were ground wet with silicon carbide paper. Solubility and sorption of the materials were calculated by means of weighing the samples before and after immersion and desiccation. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Student,Newman,Keuls test (p < 0.05). The light-cured glass ionomer cement showed the lowest solubility and the highest sorption values. When using alcohol-containing solutions as storage media, solubility of the paste,paste chemically cured resin composite increased, and sorption values for the tested chemically cured resin composites were also increased. The use of alcohol-free mouthrinses does not affect sorption and solubility of orthodontic cements. The chemically cured (paste,paste) composite resin cement, requiring a mixing procedure, was the most affected by immersion in alcohol-containing solutions. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006 [source] The effect of Coca-Cola and fruit juices on the surface hardness of glass,ionomers and ,compomers'JOURNAL OF ORAL REHABILITATION, Issue 11 2004M. Aliping-McKenzie summary, The interaction of tooth-coloured dental restorative materials (a conventional glass,ionomer, two resin-modified glass,ionomers and two compomers) with acidic beverages has been studied with the aim of investigating how long-term contact affects solution pH and specimen surface hardness. For each material (ChemFil Superior, ChemFlex, Vitremer Core Build-Up/Restorative, Fuji II LC, Dyract AP and F2000) disc-shaped specimens were prepared and stored in sets of six in the following storage media: 0·9% NaCl (control), Coca-Cola, apple juice and orange juice. After time intervals of 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 4 months, 6 months and 1 year, solution pH and Vickers Hardness Number were determined for each individual specimen. Differences were analysed by anova followed by Student,Newman,Keuls post hoc analysis. All materials were found to reduce the pH of the 0·9% NaCl, but to increase the pH of the acidic beverages. The conventional glass,ionomers dissolved completely in apple juice and orange juice, but survived in Coca-Cola, albeit with a significantly reduced hardness after 1 year. The other materials survived in apple juice and orange juice, but showed greater reductions in surface hardness in these beverages than in Coca-Cola. Fruit juices were thus shown to pose a greater erosive threat to tooth coloured materials than Coca-Cola, a finding which is similar to those concerning dentine and enamel towards these drinks. [source] A caspase inhibitor, IDN-6556, ameliorates early hepatic injury in an ex vivo rat model of warm and cold ischemia,LIVER TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 3 2007Niel C. Hoglen This study examined the efficacy of the caspase inhibitor, IDN-6556, in a rat model of liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. Livers from male Sprague-Dawley rats were reperfused for 120 minutes after 24 hours of 4°C cold storage in University of Wisconsin solution. Portal blood flow measurements estimated sinusoidal resistance, and bile production, alanine aminotransferase activities, and Suzuki scores were evaluated as parameters of hepatocyte/liver injury. Treated livers were exposed to 25 or 50 ,M of IDN-6556 in University of Wisconsin storage solution and/or the perfusate. All treatment regimens with IDN-6556 significantly improved portal blood flow measured at 120 minutes, and significant improvements were seen as early as 30 minutes when inhibitor was also present in the perfusate (P < 0.01). All treatment groups with IDN-6556 significantly increased bile production by 3-4-fold compared with controls (P < 0.01), and reductions in alanine aminotransferase activities were seen within 90 minutes of reperfusion (P < 0.05). These data were confirmed by improved Suzuki scores (less sinusoidal congestion, necrosis, and vacuolization) in all treated groups. Livers from the IDN-6556,treated groups had markedly reduced caspase activities and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling)-positive cells, suggesting reductions in apoptosis. IDN-6556 present in cold storage media ameliorated liver injury due to cold ischemia and reperfusion injury and may be a rational therapeutic approach to reduce the risk of liver ischemia in the clinical setting. Liver Transpl 13: 361,366, 2007. © 2007 AASLD. [source] The measurement and importance of red cell survivalAMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2009Robert S. Franco The measurement of red blood cell survival in the circulation has progressed from the original differential agglutination technique of Ashby to current isotopic and flow cytometric methods. While occasionally useful in the clinic, these methods find widespread use in a number of important research areas, including the evaluation of new red cell storage media in transfusion medicine and studies of the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease and diabetes. In this review, measurement techniques are placed in historical perspective and examined for relative merits and suitable application. Am. J. Hematol., 2009. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Successful Six-Day Kidney Preservation Using Trophic Factor Supplemented Media and Simple Cold StorageAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 8 2002Jonathan F. McAnulty This study examined the effect of trophic factor supplementation [TFS; bovine neutrophil peptide-1 (bactenecin), 1 mg/L; substance P, 2.5 mg/L; nerve growth factor, 20 ,g/L; epidermal growth factor, 10 ,g/L; insulin-like growth factor-1, 10 ,g/L] during cold storage with UW lactobionate solution. Dogs transplanted with kidneys stored for 4 days in TFS-UW had significantly lower peak serum creatinine values (mean 2.9 ± 0.2 mg/dL) and returned to normal values faster (6 days) than kidneys stored for 3 days in unmodified UW solution (4.2 ± 0.3 mg/dL and 14 days, respectively). Kidneys stored for 5 days in TFS-UW (mean peak creatinine 3.7 ± 0.3) functioned equivalently to kidneys stored for 3 days and better than kidneys stored for 4 days in UW alone. Dogs with kidneys stored for 6 days in TFS-UW had mean peak creatinines of 5.7 ± 0.4 mg/dL. These returned to normal creatinine values in 14 days, equal to 3-day stored and significantly better than kidneys stored for 4 days in UW alone (20 days recovery time). This study shows trophic factor deprivation appears to be a critical mechanism of injury in organ preservation with current synthetic storage media, and marks the initial development of a synthetic biologically active preservation solution, the next generation of preservation media. [source] Gene therapy: can we prevent/modulate apoptosis in EC?ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009T FUCHSLUGER Purpose Regardless of the inciting cause, CEC loss is a common denominator of corneal graft failure. CEC loss during storage results in significant loss of suitable tissue for grafting, CEC loss after transplantation is a major cause of graft failure. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of apoptosis in CEC in order to prevent CEC loss during storage. Methods Gene transfer of Lenti-Bcl-xL or ,p35 was accomplished in human donor corneas, primary cultured CEC and an immortalized CEC line and compared to untreated controls. Cell death (apoptosis) was induced by Actinomycin or Etoposide (external vs. internal apoptotic pathway, respectively). In addition, CEC loss during preservation was studied both during Optisol GS (4C) and organ culture storage (37C, Biochrome Medium I). Both storage media were diluted with PBS to promote cell loss. CEC were enumerated, apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining and confocal microscopy. Results The percentage of TUNEL-positive CEC provoked by the apoptotic inducers was significantly reduced relative to controls. Transfected corneas preserved an almost intact endothelial monolayer while controls nearly entirely lost vital CEC. During long-term storage experiments at 4C and at 37C, CEC counts in corneas expressing anti-apoptotic genes remained significantly higher compared to the controls. Conclusion Protection of CEC by anti-apoptotic genes appears to be an effective method to reduce CEC loss during storage. The application of this technique could increase the amount of high quality grafts in eye banking and further reduce graft failure following corneal transplantation, and is be of specific interest as to precut corneas and DSAEK procedures. [source] Hydrogen Storage Mediated by Pd and Pt NanoparticlesCHEMPHYSCHEM, Issue 15 2009Miho Yamauchi Dr. Abstract The hydrogen storage properties of metal nanoparticles change with particle size. For example, in a palladium,hydrogen system, the hydrogen solubility and equilibrium pressure for the formation of palladium hydride decrease with a decrease in the particle size, whereas hydrogen solubility in nanoparticles of platinum, in which hydrogen cannot be stored in the bulk state, increases. Systematic studies of hydrogen storage in Pd and Pt nanoparticles have clarified the origins of these nanosize effects. We found a novel hydrogen absorption site in the hetero-interface that forms between the Pd core and Pt shell of the Pd/Pt core/shell-type bimetallic nanoparticles. It is proposed that the potential formed in the hetero-interface stabilizes hydrogen atoms rather than interstitials in the Pd core and Pt shells. These results suggest that metal nanoparticles a few nanometers in size can act as a new type of hydrogen storage medium. Based on knowledge of the nanosize effects, we discuss how hydrogen storage media can be designed for improvement of the conditions of hydrogen storage. [source] | ||||||||||||||||