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Spontaneous Reduction (spontaneous + reduction)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	62%

Selected Abstracts

Spontaneous Reduction of High-Spin FeIII Complexes Supported by Benzoic Hydrazide Derivative Ligands

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 25 2009
Nouri Bouslimani
Abstract We report herein experimental evidence for the spontaneous reduction of new high-spin iron(III) FeIII(L(n))2Cl, L complexes to new high-spin iron(II) FeII(HL(n))2Cl2 mononuclear complexes. These processes were checked by EPR, cyclovoltammetric, and pseudo-steady voltammetric studies. Crystal structures of three new complexes (one FeIII and two FeII) were obtained from RX single-crystal diffraction.(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) [source]

Factors influencing management and comparison of outcomes in paediatric intussusceptions

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 8 2007
A K Saxena
Abstract Aim: This study aims to compare management strategy and outcomes of paediatric ileocolic intussusceptions (ICI) versus small-bowel intussusceptions (SBI). Methods: Hospital charts of patients with intussusceptions between January 1999 and June 2006 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: A total of 135 patients with the diagnosis of intussusceptions were found in the database. In 111 patients the diagnosis was confirmed using ultrasound. The median age of the patients was 2.25 years (range 9 weeks,10 years). ICI were documented in 83 patients (74.8%) and SBI in 28 (25.2%). Spontaneous reductions were observed in 11 of 83 (13.3%) ICI and 18 of 28 (64.3%) SBI. Pneumatic reductions were attempted and were successful in 61 of 67 (91%) ICI and 6 of 7 (85.7%) SBI. Surgery was performed in 11 of 83 (13.3%) ICI and 4 of 28 (14.3%) SBI; with 2 of 83 (2.4%) ICI and 3 of 28 (10.7%) SBI patients requiring bowel resections. The median age of patients requiring surgery was 9 months in ICI and 6 years in SBI. Conclusion: There are differences in ICI and SBI with regard to spontaneous reductions, and bowel resection, and age with regard to surgery and bowel resection. The treatment efficacy depends on time of presentation, intussusception type, pathologic lead points, ultrasound/colour Doppler interpretation and expertise in reduction techniques. [source]

Spontaneous Reduction of High-Spin FeIII Complexes Supported by Benzoic Hydrazide Derivative Ligands

Clinical and metabolic evaluation of subjects with erectile dysfunction: a review with a proposal flowchart

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY, Issue 3 2009
C. Foresta
Summary Erectile function is a haemodynamic phenomenon depending on the integrity of neurological, vascular, endocrinological, tissue (corpora cavernosa), psychological and relational factors; changes in any one of these components may lead to erectile dysfunction (ED). ED and its comorbid conditions share common risk factors such as endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis and metabolic and hormonal abnormalities. Furthermore, although cross-sectional studies have shown a clear age-dependent association between ED, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases, longitudinal evidence has recently emphasized that ED could be an early marker of these conditions. Recently, the European Association of Urology and American Urology Association provided consensus guidelines for the management of ED patients. However, the metabolic aspect of ED is rather neglected or not sufficiently treated. In this study, more emphasis will be placed on the presence of ED comorbid metabolic factors. The primary and secondary goals of therapy, according to current guidelines and to prevent their clinical evolution, will also be provided. We review the concepts of metabolic diseases related to ED and their treatment. Criteria for the diagnosis and treatment of hypogonadism, metabolic and vascular disease related to ED were analysed. ED can mark the starting point for the evaluation and prevention of significant severe diseases (such as diabetes, MetS, dyslipidaemia, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, ischaemic cardiopathy, neuropathy, etc.) hitherto unknown by the patients. Most widely used criteria for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases were reported. We suggest a clinical approach which allows the identification of metabolic and others systemic pathologies contributing to the development of ED. This approach may constitute an improvement in disease prognosis and either induce a spontaneous reduction of ED or facilitate its specific therapy. [source]

Color doppler sonography for ventral hernias in patients with acute abdomen: Preliminary findings

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND, Issue 8 2001
Ren-Jow Liang MD
Abstract Purpose We assessed the usefulness of color Doppler sonography (CDUS) in evaluating the vascular status of ventral hernias and distinguishing incarcerated from nonincarcerated ventral hernias. Methods In this prospective study, 10 patients who presented with acute abdomen and had ventral hernias underwent CDUS from August 1999 to May 2000. Patient age and sex and the clinical severity, mode of therapy, and outcome in these 10 patients were evaluated in relationship to the CDUS findings. Results Five patients had readily visible flow in the bowel within the hernial sac on CDUS. Two of these 5 had spontaneous reduction under conservative treatment, and 3 had asymptomatic ventral hernias with acute abdomen caused by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Barely visible flow was visualized in the bowel by CDUS in 4 other patients. Three of these underwent emergency surgery because of peritoneal signs; 2 of them were found to have ischemic changes in the bowel. The fourth patient underwent a successful manual reduction. The remaining patient had absent flow in the bowel on CDUS and underwent emergency surgery, which revealed gangrenous changes in the bowel. Conclusions The intensity of the Doppler signals on CDUS appears to be a promising predictor of bowel viability in cases of ventral hernia. Thus, CDUS should impact the determination of the treatment plan, including whether to provide conservative treatment or surgery. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 29:435,440, 2001. [source]

The Effects of Exercise on Food Intake and Body Fatness: A Summary of Published Studies

NUTRITION REVIEWS, Issue 1 2007
Sonya J. Elder MS
Exercise has well-recognized health benefits, including reduction in risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. However, the extent to which exercise influences energy regulation and facilitates a reduction in body fat is less clear. This review summarizes published studies on the effects of different amounts of exercise on body fatness, energy intake, and food preferences in humans. The results show consistent effects of exercise on body fatness in the absence of prescribed dietary change, with a progressive loss of body fat associated with higher exercise energy expenditures in both men and women. In part, these effects appear to be mediated by a spontaneous reduction in hunger associated with participation in exercise. Insufficient data are available on whether there are changes in food preferences and taste perception that influence energy balance through macro-nutrient selection, so further studies in this area are needed. [source]

Role of Iron(III) and Aluminum Hydroxides in Concentration/reduction of Au(III) Complexes

RESOURCE GEOLOGY, Issue 3 2002
Akiko UCHIDA
Abstract: The adsorption of gold on iron(III) and aluminum hydroxides from solutions containing Au(III) complexes has been studied as a function of pH and chloride concentration at 30C. Iron(III) hydroxide was more effective in adsorbing gold from solution than aluminum hydroxide. However, both hydroxides controlled the behavior of Au(III) complex with very similar manner. The most effective gold adsorption occurred in aqueous solution with near neutral pH and low Cl concentration. In this solution condition, Au(III) complexes were mainly dissolved as AuCl2(OH)2 - and AuCl(OH)3 - , and the surface charge for both hydroxides was positive. In addition, the adsorbed Au(III) complexes were spontaneously reduced to elemental gold in spite of the absence of a specific reducing agent. The results of this study suggest that adsorption and spontaneous reduction of gold complexes on the surface of hydrous metal oxides with positive charge play an important role in gold precipitation in subsurface environment. [source]