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Spindle Cell Tumors (spindle + cell_tumor)
Selected AbstractsAtypical fibroxanthoma/malignant fibrous histiocytomaDERMATOLOGIC THERAPY, Issue 6 2008Steven Marcet ABSTRACT:, Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is an unusual spindle cell tumor occurring on actinically damaged skin of the head and neck. Clinically, it is often confused with basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or even melanoma. Although initially thought to be a diagnosis of exclusion histologically, newer immunostains have helped in the identification of AFX. Mohs micrographic surgery has been utilized for the treatment due to its tissue sparing ability along with lower recurrence rate. [source] GASTRIC SCHWANNOMA WITH ADJACENT EXTERNAL PROGRESSION HARBORED ABERRANT NF2 GENEDIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY, Issue 3 2009Naotaka Ogasawara Gastric schwannomas are rare benign mesenchymal tumors. We describe a schwannoma of gastric origin with adjacent external progression. Sections showed a spindle cell tumor arranged in interlaced bundles and fascicles that was S-100 and CD34 positive but c-KIT protein negative. Histology and immunohistochemistry revealed the typical appearance of a gastric schwannoma. Genetic evaluation revealed that the tumor harbored a point mutation in exon 6 of the tumor suppressor neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) gene, which resulted in an amino acid substitution of NF2 protein, and no mutation in exon 4b of the NF1 gene. In conclusion, we identified a rare mutation of the NF2 gene in gastric schwannoma. A diagnosis can only be definitive when based on histological and immunohistochemical findings. Digestive tract schwannomas are rare mesenchymal tumors that are differentiated from gastrointestinal stromal tumors by the absence of KIT protein. Follow up suggested that complete resection is an effective long-term treatment strategy. [source] A case of cutaneous symplastic leiomyoma , a rare variant of cutaneous pilar leiomyomaJOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2008Naila Usmani We describe the case of a cutaneous symplastic leiomyoma in a 37-year-old woman who presented with a 4-year history of a painful slow growing lesion on the left upper arm. The lesion was excised and subjected to histological examination. A poorly circumscribed lesion was seen in the dermis composed of spindle shaped cells with marked nuclear pleomorphism. No mitotic figures or necrosis were seen. The cells stained strongly positive with desmin and smooth muscle actin, and negative with S100, melan A, MNF116 a mouse monoclonal antibody to cytokeratin and CK5/6. The diagnosis was felt to be in keeping with a cutaneous symplastic leiomyoma, a rarely reported variant of the pilar leiomyoma. Histologically, it shows features similar to the symplastic variant of uterine leiomyoma with cytological atypia, nuclear pleomorphism and minimal mitotic activity. Although the long-term outlook is probably benign, the presence of cytological atypia and mitoses in any spindle cell tumor is generally a concerning feature and warrants long-term follow up. [source] The Role of P-75 NGF-R in the Diagnosis of Desmoplastic MelanomaJOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2005S. Ghosn The histologic diagnosis of desmoplastic melanoma is challenging, particularly when the overlying junctional component is absent and when the spindle cells lack melanin pigment. In these instances, the importance of immunohistochemistry cannot be overemphasized. S-100 protein, with a sensitivity approaching 90%, is the primary immunohistochemical stain used for this purpose. HMB-45, although a more specific marker for melanocytes, is often negative in these cases. A marker of schwannian differentiation, p-75 NGF-R has been shown to be a useful confirmatory marker for desmoplastic and neurotropic melanoma, with staining intensity comparable to or better than S-100 protein. We report two cases of desmoplastic melanoma which stained focally and weakly with S-100 protein in comparison with the stronger staining of p-75 NGF-R. In both cases, S-100 staining could have been missed or interpreted as non-confirmatory, thus misguiding the diagnosis. We therefore suggest that p-75 NGF-R be a complementary marker to S-100 protein in differentiating desmoplastic melanoma from other non-neural crest-derived spindle cell tumors. [source] Nestin expression as a new marker in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumorsPATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2 2007Satoko Shimada Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) can be difficult to diagnose because it lacks specific immunohistochemical markers. S-100, which is a useful marker of MPNST, has limited diagnostic utility. Recent studies suggest that nestin, which is an intermediate filament protein, is expressed in neuroectodermal stem cells. The diagnostic utility of immunostains for nestin and three other neural markers (S-100, CD56 and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5)) were evaluated in 35 cases of MPNST and in other spindle cell tumors. All MPNST cases were strongly positive for nestin and had cytoplasmic staining. Stains for S-100, CD56, and PGP 9.5 were positive in fewer cases (17/35, 11/35, and 29/35 cases, respectively), and had less extensive staining. Nestin was negative in 10/10 leiomyomas, and weak nestin expression was seen in 10/10 schwannomas, 3/10 neurofibromas, 2/8 synovial sarcomas, 2/10 liposarcomas, 4/7 carcinosarcomas and 3/7 malignant fibrous histiocytomas. In contrast, strong nestin positivity was seen in 10/10 rhabdomyosarcomas, 15/19 leiomyosarcomas, and 9/9 desmoplastic melanomas. Nestin is more sensitive for MPNST than other neural markers and immunostains for nestin in combination with other markers could be useful in the diagnosis of MPNST. [source] Primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney: Report of a case confirmed by molecular detection of the SYT-SSX2 fusion transcriptsPATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 5 2001Shune Koyama We describe an unusual case of primary synovial sarcoma of the kidney. A 47-year-old woman had a tumor massively replacing the right kidney. There were no primary extrarenal neoplastic lesions. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of a cellular proliferation of relatively uniform spindle-shaped cells having atypical spindle or oval nuclei arranged in fascicles with tumor necrosis, without epithelial areas. Immunohistochemically, a small number of the tumor cells were positive for epithelial markers such as cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen. The SYT-SSX2 fusion transcripts were detected by a reverse transcription,polymerase chain reaction (RT,PCR) using RNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene transcripts that result from t(12; 15)(p13;q25), which is characteristic of cellular congenital mesoblastic nephroma, were not demonstrated. To our knowledge, this is the ninth case of primary renal synovial sarcoma. This case report indicates that synovial sarcoma should be taken into account for the differential diagnosis of renal spindle cell tumors and the molecular assay detecting the SYT-SSX fusion transcripts is useful for the final diagnosis of synovial sarcoma arising in an unusual location. [source] Epidermal Nevus Syndrome Associated with Adnexal Tumors, Spitz Nevus, and Hypophosphatemic Vitamin D-Resistant RicketsPEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2005Érica Sanae Kishida M.D. We present a patient with epidermal nevus syndrome associated with hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant rickets and multiple adnexal and spindle cell tumors. [source] | ||||||||||