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Specialization Pattern (specialization + pattern)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting100%

Selected Abstracts

THE EVOLUTION OF PRODUCTIVITY GAPS AND SPECIALIZATION PATTERNS

METROECONOMICA, Issue 4 2006
Bart Los
ABSTRACT This paper presents an industry-level model of growth and trade, in which evolving specialization patterns are the endogenous result of innovation, international technology spillovers, learning-by-doing and balance of payments-restricted growth. Differences between industries with regard to their share in consumption are shown to reinforce or mitigate the effects of specialization on aggregate productivity convergence patterns, depending on other parameters. The implications of the model are studied by means of simulation analyses for a wide range of parameter configurations. [source]

International Asset Trade, Capital Income Taxation, and Specialization Patterns

JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMIC THEORY, Issue 5 2008
KOICHI FUTAGAMI
This paper constructs a small economy version of dynamic Heckscher-Ohlin models with overlapping generations and analyzes effects of capital income taxation on the specialization pattern of the country. It is shown that once international asset trade is allowed, in the presence of international technological asymmetries, a small country eventually leads to perfect specialization in our overlapping generations model. It is also shown that the residence-based tax has no effect on the specialization pattern while the source-based tax has a negative effect on capital accumulation and thereby it can affect the specialization pattern of the small country. [source]

Specialization across varieties and North,South competition

ECONOMIC POLICY, Issue 53 2008
Lionel Fontagné
SUMMARY North,South competition quality Analyzing a new database that makes it possible to disaggregate trade flows across many countries according to unit values, we show that international specialization in terms of quality within industries and product categories plays an important role in the dynamics of North,South competition. The different specialization of countries at different levels of development within products and across varieties is mirrored in the recent shifts in world market shares, which are very different across quality segments: the South is not gaining market share in high-value portions of trade pattern. In this respect Europe's specialization pattern appears to be different from that of the US and Japan, and may allow it to better resist the competitive pressure of the South. , Lionel Fontagné, Guillaume Gaulier and Soledad Zignago [source]

International Asset Trade, Capital Income Taxation, and Specialization Patterns

JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMIC THEORY, Issue 5 2008
KOICHI FUTAGAMI
This paper constructs a small economy version of dynamic Heckscher-Ohlin models with overlapping generations and analyzes effects of capital income taxation on the specialization pattern of the country. It is shown that once international asset trade is allowed, in the presence of international technological asymmetries, a small country eventually leads to perfect specialization in our overlapping generations model. It is also shown that the residence-based tax has no effect on the specialization pattern while the source-based tax has a negative effect on capital accumulation and thereby it can affect the specialization pattern of the small country. [source]

Evolution of trade patterns in the new EU member states

THE ECONOMICS OF TRANSITION, Issue 4 2005
Andrea Zaghini
F14; F15; E23 Abstract The paper analyses the evolution of the trade specialization pattern in the new EU member states. Relying on the empirical approach of the Markov transition matrices it analyses both the changes in the external shape of the distribution of comparative advantages and the intra-distribution dynamics. The new members show a dynamic trade pattern: they gained comparative advantages relatively fast in sectors in which they were lagging behind at the beginning of the transition, notably in some ,high tech' products. In addition, many specialization improvements occurred in those items for which world demand expanded at the fastest rate over the nineties. [source]

THE EVOLUTION OF PRODUCTIVITY GAPS AND SPECIALIZATION PATTERNS

METROECONOMICA, Issue 4 2006
Bart Los
ABSTRACT This paper presents an industry-level model of growth and trade, in which evolving specialization patterns are the endogenous result of innovation, international technology spillovers, learning-by-doing and balance of payments-restricted growth. Differences between industries with regard to their share in consumption are shown to reinforce or mitigate the effects of specialization on aggregate productivity convergence patterns, depending on other parameters. The implications of the model are studied by means of simulation analyses for a wide range of parameter configurations. [source]

New economic geography meets Comecon

THE ECONOMICS OF TRANSITION, Issue 2 2006
Regional wages, industry location in central Europe
EU regions; market access; new economic geography; Comecon hypothesis Abstract We analyse the internal spatial wage and employment structures of the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia, using regional data for 1996,2000. A new economic geography model predicts wage gradients and specialization patterns that are smoothly related to the regions' relative market access. As an alternative, we formulate a ,Comecon hypothesis', according to which wages and sectoral location are not systematically related to market access except for discrete concentrations in capital regions. Estimations support both the NEG (new economic geography) prediction and the Comecon hypothesis. However, when we compare internal wage and employment gradients of the five new member states with those of Western European countries, we find that the former are marked by significantly stronger discrete concentrations of wages and service employment in their capital regions, confirming the ongoing relevance of the Comecon hypothesis. [source]

European Enlargement and Agro-Food Trade

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, Issue 4 2008
tefan Bojnec
This paper investigates the level, composition, and differences in the dynamics of revealed comparative advantage and trade specialization patterns of the 12 new member states (NMS-12) as part of the enlarged European Union 27 countries (EU-27). The NMS-12 are classified into four country groups: the Baltic States, the CEFTA-5, and the Mediterranean and the Balkan regions. The empirical analysis employs a regression framework, a duration analysis, Markov transition probability matrices, and mobility indices. Trade increases with the EU enlargement and so does revealed comparative advantage in agro-food products. There are catching-up difficulties, as indicated by revealed comparative advantage, in higher added-value processed products. Le présent article examine le degré, la composition et les différences de la dynamique des avantages comparatifs révélés ainsi que les caractéristiques de la spécialisation du commerce des douze nouveaux pays membres (NPM-12) de l'Union européenne élargie (UE,27). Les 12 nouveaux pays membres sont divisés en quatre groupes: les États baltiques, les cinq pays membres de l'ALECE, la région de la Méditerranée et la région des Balkans. L'analyse empirique utilise un modèle de régression, une analyse de durée, des matrices de probabilités des transitions (Markov) et des indices de mobilité. Les échanges augmentent avec l'élargissement de l'UE tout comme les avantages comparatifs révélés des produits agroalimentaires. On observe des difficultés de rattrapage, comme l'indique l'avantage comparatif révélé, dans le cas des produits transformés à forte valeur ajoutée. [source]