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Sp. Nov. (sp + nov)
Kinds of Sp. Nov. Selected AbstractsA new genus and species of basal actinopterygian fish from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western AustraliaACTA ZOOLOGICA, Issue 2009Brian Choo Abstract A new basal actinopterygian, Gogosardina coatesi gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of the Canning Basin, Western Australia. The new taxon is known from four prepared specimens that display the typical exceptional preservation of fossil vertebrates from the region. Gogosardina gen. nov. possesses a series of four small postrostrals, no surangular and a highly gracile body covered with over 140 vertical rows of very small scales, all ornamented with separate horizontal ganoine ridges. One specimen contains conodont elements lodged among the branchial arches, indicating dietary habits and a possible cause of death. [source] A new tooth-plated lungfish from the Middle Devonian of Yunnan, China, and its phylogenetic relationshipsACTA ZOOLOGICA, Issue 2009Tuo Qiao Abstract A new genus and species of tooth-plated lungfish, Sinodipterus beibei gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Qujing Formation (Middle Devonian, late Eifelian) of Zhaotong, Yunnan, China. The new form resembles Dipterus in the skull table, but differs in its tooth-plate: cosmine-like tissue absent near the midline, tooth rows fewer in number (7 to 8) and less divergent radiating, and no reparative dentine layers. Phylogenetic analysis of Devonian lungfish based on a dataset of 150 characters and 33 taxa indicates that the new taxon is more crownward than Dipterus and the clade comprising Adololopas, Sorbitorhynchus and Pillararhynchus. Our results agree broadly with previous cladistic solutions. Diabolepis is placed as a sister group to all other Devonian lungfish. The species referred to Chirodipterus fail to form a monophyletic group. The result shows a large number of convergences corresponding to early radiation of lungfish compressed in time. [source] The earliest evidence of host,parasite interactions in vertebratesACTA ZOOLOGICA, Issue 2009evics, ns Luk Abstract Traces of parasite action have been discovered in the Middle,Upper Devonian fish from Estonia, Latvia and European Russia. Such traces are known in heterostracan Psammolepis venyukovi, antiarchs Asterolepis radiata and Bothriolepis ciecere, sarcopterygians Holoptychius sp., Ventalepis ketleriensis and Eusthenodon sp. nov. The traces include evidence of parasitic fixation and penetration as well as dwelling traces. Pathologies are developed as (1) round fossulae on the external surface of bones and scales; (2) oval fossulae with a slight elevation in the centre of the pit; (3) hollow swellings (possible galls); (4) openings (perforations) that have been repaired to various degrees; (5) variously shaped buttresses on the visceral surface of sarcopterygian scales; and (6) porous spongy formations on the non-overlapped surface of sarcopterygian scales. The round fossulae in sarcopterygian, placoderm and psammosteid skeletal elements could be produced by parasites that are similar to copepod crustaceans. Gall formation in Asterolepis is most likely to be caused by a larva, possibly of a trematode. The perforations of scales (and dermal bones) might arise from the attacks of ectoparasites (copepods?) or different worms. The spongy formations on the Holoptychius scales could be the result of invasion of a unicellular parasite. [source] A New Species of Theridion Walckenaer (Araneae: Theridiidae) from KoreaENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2004Bo-Keun SEO ABSTRACT A new species, Theridion longipili sp. nov. (Theridiidae), is described from Korea. It is easily distinguished from other congeners by the structure of conductor, radix, median apophysis, and the female epigynum and internal genitalia. [source] Subterranean species of the ant genus Crematogaster in Asia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2010Shingo HOSOISHI Abstract Three Crematogaster ant species, C. (Orthocrema) javanica Menozzi, C. (O.) myops Forel and C. (O.) masukoi sp. nov., share reduced compound eyes which characterizes them among Asian species of the subgenus Orthocrema. The new species is described based on material from Borneo. It can be distinguished from C. javanica and C. myops by its smooth surface of clypeus and acutely produced subpetiolar process. Reduced compound eyes and yellowish body suggest that these three species are subterranean. [source] Genus Thubana Walker in Indonesia, with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera: Lecithoceridae) and a world catalog of the genusENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2009Kyu-Tek PARK Abstract The genus Thubana Walker (Lepidoptera: Lecithoceridae: Torodorinae) in Indonesia is reviewed, with three known species from Java and four additional new species: Th. raphidodea sp. nov. from Sulawesi, Indonesia and Malaysia; and Th. erycinae sp. nov., Th. apiculalis sp. nov. and Th. sellarius sp. nov. from Sumatra, Indonesia. The previously known species from Java, Th. costimaculella (Snellen), is redescribed for the wing venation and genitalia of both sexes; however, the syntype of Th. heylaertsi (Snellen) is observed only by its photograph. No specimens of Th. heylaertsi and Th. xylogramma Meyrick were found during this study. Photos of all known species, except Th. xylogramma Meyrick, and a key to species are provided. A catalog for the genus with all 46 known species in the world is given. [source] Descriptions and biological notes of Ctenoplectra bees from Southeast Asia and Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Ctenoplectrini) with a new species from North BorneoENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2009I-Hsin SUNG Abstract Six Ctenoplectra species are recorded from Southeast Asia and Taiwan. They are C. chalybea Smith, C. cornuta Gribodo, C. davidi Vachal, C. elsei Engel, C. sandakana sp. nov. and C. vagans Cockerell. Females of C. sandakana sp. nov. from North Borneo are similar to the mainland species C. chalybea, but differ mainly in the clypeal keel and the length of the antennal segments. The small blackish species, C. cornuta, is distributed in Myanmar, China and Taiwan and C. davidi is distributed in China, Russia and Taiwan; both species are seen at the flowers of Thladiantha. Ctenoplectra chalybea was collected from the Malay Peninsula, Myanmar, Taiwan and Vietnam. Ctenoplectra apicalis Smith and C. kelloggi Cockerell are allied to C. chalybea; however, C. kelloggi is excluded from this study due to insufficient material. A key to the six known Ctenoplectra species is given. The large metallic species, C. chalybea and C. elsei, visit flowers of Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng. For the first time observations on the nest structures of C. chalybea and C. cornuta are presented. They choose remarkable places, such as artificial structures and buildings, for nest sites. The nest architecture prevents rain and direct sunlight from entering the nest. Bees used pre-existing holes or crevices in wood for nesting shelters and collected soil and appeared to mix it with some other substance to build nests. The cell lining materials and rubbing behaviors against the cell wall suggest that Ctenoplectra bees use floral oil mainly for cell lining materials. [source] Notes on two species of the subgenus Lyrothorax Chaudoir (Coleoptera: Carabidae; genus Pterostichus), Pterostichus amagisanus Tanaka and Ishida and Pterostichus fujitai Tanaka and IshidaENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 2 2009Kôji SASAKAWA Abstract Two species of the subgenus Lyrothorax Chaudoir (Coleoptera: Carabidae; genus Pterostichus), Pterostichus amagisanus Tanaka and Ishida and Pterostichus fujitai Tanaka and Ishida, were revised based on the male endophallus (inner sac everted from aedeagus). P. amagisanus was newly recorded based on a single male from Kyushu, southwest Japan, far from its known distribution (Honshu; the Fuji-Hakone-Izu volcano area), although additional materials are necessary to confirm this record. Despite a highly disjunct distribution, no conspicuous difference was recognized in either external or genital characters between the materials from Honshu and Kyushu. The nominal species P. fujitai was separated into two species, P. fujitai (Honshu) and Pterostichus eoyoritomus sp. nov. (Shikoku; type locality: Mount Jingayama); these two species have some significant differences in the endophallic structures. Character states in male genitalia suggest a sister relationship between P. eoyoritomus sp. nov. and Pterostichus yoritomus Bates. [source] A new stem-borer of the genus Bucculatrix (Lepidoptera: Bucculatricidae) from Japan, with description of the life historyENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 1 2009Shigeki KOBAYASHI Abstract A new species of bucculaticid moth, Bucculatrix hamaboella sp. nov. (Host plant: Hibiscus hamabo, Malvaceae) is described from Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. The feeding habit of the new species is unique in that: (i) the young larva is a leaf miner forming a long red linear mine but in the later instars the larva becomes a stem borer; (ii) later instar larvae undergo double molts within a cocoonet (molting cocoon); and (iii) penultimate and final instars appear on the surface of the leaf as non-feeding stages. The external non-feeding larvae of B. hamaboella undergoing double molts within one cocoonet are considered to be an abbreviated form of the external feeding instars of other bucculatricids typically making first and second cocoonets, undergoing a single molt within each cocoonet. On the basis of morphological characters, this species is related to the species of Sections I and II (Host: Asteraceae) of Braun (1963), rather than to the species of Section VIII (Host: Malvaceae). [source] Arengomyia, new genus for the Colocasiomyia arenga species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae), with description of a new speciesENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 4 2008Masako YAFUSO Abstract The arenga species group, hitherto consisting of three species, Colocasiomyia arenga, C. pararenga and C. sagittata, is separated from the genus Colocasiomyia, and established as the new genus Arengomyia Yafuso and Toda, gen. nov. Of the three species, C. pararenga Okada, 1990 is synonymized with C. arenga (Okada, 1987). A new species, Arengomyia xanthopleura Yafuso and Toda, sp. nov., is also described. Supplementary descriptions and revisions of some morphological characters are also provided for the known species. [source] A key to the species of Spilogona Schnabl from China, with descriptions of four new species from the Qinghai,Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau (Diptera: Muscidae)ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 1 2008Wan-Qi XUE Abstract A generic diagnosis for Spilogona Schnabl and a key to the 38 species known from China are given. Four new species are described: Spilogona cordis sp. nov., Spilogona lobuliunguis sp. nov., Spilogona medilobulus sp. nov. and Spilogona ponti sp. nov., all four from the Qinghai,Xizang (Tibetan) Plateau, China. [source] Systematic and morphological studies of the genus Chaetopleurophora Schmitz (Diptera: Phoridae) occurring in JapanENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 4 2007Hiroto NAKAYAMA Abstract Japanese species of the genus Chaetopleurophora are reviewed. All belong to the C. erythronota group. The following three species from Japan are described: C. rhomboidea sp. nov., C. pygidialis Schmitz and C. dividua sp. nov. The male and female genitalia are studied and further examples of unique characters of the genus including asymmetric features are added. The male aedeagus of the genus is illustrated for the first time. The aedeagus of the species treated in this study consists of only two components, the inner core plate and the outer jacket plate. The jacket plate wraps sinistrally around the core plate. The combination of the core plate and the jacket plate forms complex, asymmetric features of the aedeagus in the Phoridae. The structure around the genital opening in the female genitalia protrudes posteriorly under the segment IX + X, and shows asymmetric features in C. rhomboidea sp. nov. with a bilaterally different degree of sclerotization, shifted genital opening to the right side and a membranous ribbon just on the left side. In addition, C. dividua sp. nov. is different from most of the species in the C. erythronota group, and very closely related to C. multiseriata (known in North America) in the male and female genitalia, wing venation and bristle formation on the scutellum. It is suggested that C. dividua sp. nov. forms a monophyletic group with C. multiseriata and the related species. [source] A new genus, Thailepidonia gen. nov., based on T. yoshiyasui sp. nov. (Lepidoptera, Lecithoceridae) from ThailandENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2007Kyu-Tek PARK Abstract A new genus, Thailepidonia gen. nov. of the family Lecithoceridae, is described based on a new species, T. yoshiyasui sp. nov. from Thailand. [source] Pollination mutualism between a new species of the genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera: Drosophilidae) and Steudnera colocasiifolia (Araceae) in Yunnan, ChinaENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 1 2006Kohei TAKENAKA Abstract A new species of the genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera: Drosophilidae) was discovered from inflorescences of Steudnera colocasiifolia K. Koch (Araceae) in Yunnan, China. The new species is described as Colocasiomyia steudnerae Takenaka and Toda, sp. nov., and we investigated the reproductive ecology of both the fly and the plant species. This fly species reproduces in the inflorescences/infructescences of the plant, and depends almost throughout its entire life cycle on the host plant. The fly species is the most abundant flower visitor for S. colocasiifolia and behaves intimately with the flowering events, suggesting that it is the unique and most efficient pollinator for the host plant. Bagging (insect-exclusion) treatment of inflorescences resulted in no fruits. These findings strongly suggest that intimate pollination mutualism has evolved between the fly and the host plant, as are known in other Colocasiomyia flies and Araceae plants. One notable feature of this system is that the new species almost monopolizes the host-plant inflorescence as a visitor, without any cohabiting Colocasiomyia species. In comparison to other cases where two Colocasiomyia species share the same inflorescence and infructescence of Araceae host plants for reproduction by separating their breeding niches microallopatrically between the staminate (upper male-flower) and the pistillate (lower female-flower) regions on the spadix, C. steudnerae exhibits a mixture of stamenicolous and pistillicolous breeding habits. [source] Notes on the genus Neochauliodes Weele (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) from Henan, ChinaENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2005Xingyue LIU Abstract The species of the genus Neochauliodes from Henan are reviewed. Three species are described as new to science: Neochauliodes digitiformis sp. nov., Neochauliodes parasparsus sp. nov. and Neochauliodes sparsus sp. nov. A key to the species from Henan is presented. [source] Genus Pagastia Oliver (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Japan, with description of a new speciesENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2004Kazuo ENDO Abstract A new species, Pagastia hidakamontana sp. nov., is described from the alpine zone of the Hidaka Mountains in Hokkaido, Japan. Pagastia orthogonia Oliver, so far known only from the Nearctic Region, is newly recorded from Japan and redescribed. Females of P. lanceolata (Tokunaga) and P. nivis (Tokunaga) are redescribed, and the synonymy of P. lanceolata with Syndiamesa (Lasiodiamesa) crassipilosa Tokunaga (= Pseudodiamesa crassipilosa) is proposed. Keys to males and females of Japanese species of the genus are provided. [source] Discovery of the genus Skidmorella Johnson (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) in Japan, with descriptions of two new speciesENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 4 2003Yoshihiro SAWADA Abstract The genus Skidmorella Johnson, previously known only from the South Pacific islands, is discovered in Japan. The type species, Skidmorella magnifica Johnson, is confirmed from Japan as the first record of the species other than the type locality. In addition, two new species, Skidmorella amamiana sp. nov. and Skidmorella quadrisulucia sp. nov., are described from the Ryukyus, Japan. Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Skidmorella and its allies are discussed on the basis of their morphological characters. [source] Burkholderia anthina sp. nov. and Burkholderia pyrrocinia, two additional Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria, may confound results of new molecular diagnostic toolsFEMS IMMUNOLOGY & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 2 2002Peter Vandamme Abstract Nineteen Burkholderia cepacia -like isolates of human and environmental origin could not be assigned to one of the seven currently established genomovars using recently developed molecular diagnostic tools for B. cepacia complex bacteria. Various genotypic and phenotypic characteristics were examined. The results of this polyphasic study allowed classification of the 19 isolates as an eighth B. cepacia complex genomovar (Burkholderia anthina sp. nov.) and to design tools for its identification in the diagnostic laboratory. In addition, new and published data for Burkholderia pyrrocinia indicated that this soil bacterium is also a member of the B. cepacia complex. This highlights another potential source for diagnostic problems with B. cepacia -like bacteria. [source] Mucilaginibacter dorajii sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of Platycodon grandiflorumFEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 2 2010Byung-Chun Kim Abstract A Gram-negative, nonmotile and rod-shaped bacterial strain was isolated from the rhizosphere of Platycodon grandiflorum in a study of bacterial diversity, and its taxonomic position was investigated by a genotypic and phenotypic analysis. This isolate, designated as DR-f4, grew at 4,30 °C (optimally at 20,25 °C) and in the presence of 0,1% (w/v) NaCl. It contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone. The isolate had activities of catalase, oxidase and ,-galactosidase and hydrolyzed aesculin, casein, carboxymethyl-cellulose, starch and l -tyrosine. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16:1,7c and/or iso-C15:0 2OH) and iso-C15:0. The DNA G+C content was 42.6 mol%. This isolate belonged to the genus Mucilaginibacter based on phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences. The nearest phylogenetic neighbors of strain DR-f4T were Mucilaginibacter lappiensis ANJL12T and Mucilaginibacter rigui WPCB133T, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of 96.9% and 96.4%, respectively. The genotypic and phenotypic evidence suggests that strain DR-f4T should be classified as a novel species, for which the name Mucilaginibacter dorajii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain for the novel species is DR-f4T (=KACC 14556T=JCM 16601T). [source] Vibrio owensii sp. nov., isolated from cultured crustaceans in AustraliaFEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 2 2010Ana Cano-Gómez Abstract Two bacterial strains (DY05T and 47666-1) were isolated in Queensland, Australia, from diseased cultured crustaceans Panulirus ornatus and Penaeus monodon, respectively. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence identity, the strains were shown to belong to the Harveyi clade of the genus Vibrio. Multilocus sequence analysis using five housekeeping genes (rpoA, pyrH, topA, ftsZ and mreB) showed that the strains form a monophyletic group with 94.4% concatenated sequence identity to the closest species. DNA,DNA hybridization experiments showed that strains DY05T and 47666-1 had 76% DNA similarity to each other, but <70% to their closest neighbours Vibrio harveyi LMG 4044T (,55%), Vibrio campbellii LMG 11216T (,52%) and Vibrio rotiferianus LMG 21460T (,46%). Strains DY05T and 47666-1 could be differentiated from their relatives on the basis of several phenotypic characteristics. The major fatty acids were C15:0 iso 2-OH and/or C16:1,7, C16:0, C18:1,7 and C14:0. Based on the polyphasic evidence presented here, it can be concluded that strains DY05T and 47666-1 belong to the same novel species of the genus Vibrio, for which the name Vibrio owensii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DY05T (=JCM 16517T=ACM 5300T). [source] Spathaspora arborariae sp. nov., a d -xylose-fermenting yeast species isolated from rotting wood in BrazilFEMS YEAST RESEARCH, Issue 8 2009Raquel M. Cadete Abstract Four strains of a new yeast species were isolated from rotting wood from two sites in an Atlantic Rain Forest and a Cerrado ecosystem in Brazil. The analysis of the sequences of the D1/D2 domains of the large-subunit rRNA gene showed that this species belongs to the Spathaspora clade. The new species ferments d -xylose efficiently and is related to Candida jeffriesii and Spathaspora passalidarum, both of which also ferment d -xylose. Similar to S. passalidarum, the new species produces unconjugated asci with a single greatly elongated ascospore with curved ends. The type strain of Spathaspora arborariae sp. nov. is UFMG-HM19.1AT (=CBS11463T=NRRL Y-48658T). [source] Candida carvajalis sp. nov., an ascomycetous yeast species from the Ecuadorian Amazon jungleFEMS YEAST RESEARCH, Issue 5 2009Stephen A. James Abstract In the course of a yeast biodiversity survey of different ecological habitats found in Ecuador, two yeast strains (CLQCA 20-011T and CLQCA20-014) were isolated from samples of rotten wood and fallen leaf debris collected at separate sites in the central region of the Ecuadorian Amazonia. These strains were found to represent a novel yeast species based on the sequences of their D1/D2 domain of the large-subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and their physiological characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis based on LSU D1/D2 sequences revealed this novel species to be most closely related to Candida asparagi, Candida fructus, Candida musae and two as yet undescribed Candida species, with the six yeast taxa collectively forming a distinct species group within the Clavispora clade. The species name of Candida carvajalis sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these strains, with CLQCA 20-011T (NCYC 3509T, CBS 11361T) designated as the type strain. [source] Pseudozyma jejuensis sp. nov., a novel cutinolytic ustilaginomycetous yeast species that is able to degrade plastic wasteFEMS YEAST RESEARCH, Issue 6 2007Hyuk-Seong Seo Abstract An ustilaginomycetous anamorphic yeast, isolated from orange leaves on Jeju island in South Korea, represents a novel Pseudozyma species according to morphologic and physiologic findings and molecular taxonomic analysis using the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (26S) rRNA gene and the internally transcribed spacer (ITS) 1+2 regions. The name Pseudozyma jejuensis sp. nov. is proposed for this novel species, with OL71T (=KCTC 17482T=CBS 10454T) as type strain. In the present study, we have also demonstrated that Pseudozyma jejuensis OL71 is capable of producing cutinase and degrading polycaprolactone. These results suggest that Pseudozyma jejuensis or its cutinase may be useful for the biological degradation of plastic waste. [source] Botryozyma mucatilis sp. nov., an anamorphic ascomycetous yeast associated with nematodes in poplar slime fluxFEMS YEAST RESEARCH, Issue 8 2004Julia Kerrigan Abstract A new species of Botryozyma, Botryozyma mucatilis, was isolated from the surface of free-living nematodes, Panagrellus dubius, inhabiting slime flux from hybrid poplars, Populus deltoides×trichocarpa, in Oregon, USA. This species was discovered in relatively close proximity to the teleomorphic species Ascobotryozyma americana and Ascobotryozyma cognata, both collected from P. dubius nematodes inhabiting beetle galleries in Populus spp. and Populus and Salix spp., respectively. B. mucatilis is recognized as a distinct species based on molecular and morphological data. Sequence divergence in both the D1/D2 domain of the nuclear large-subunit rDNA and internal transcribed spacer region rDNA, low DNA reassociation values, notably different amplified fragment-length polymorphic fingerprints, and significantly longer cells all support the designation of a novel species. [source] Rhodotorula cycloclastica sp. nov., Rhodotorula retinophila sp. nov., and Rhodotorula terpenoidalis sp. nov., three limonene-utilizing yeasts isolated from soilFEMS YEAST RESEARCH, Issue 8 2004Vu Nguyen Thanh Abstract During a search for yeasts that hydroxylate monoterpenes, four yeast strains were isolated from soil and plant residue in monoterpene-rich environments using enrichment techniques with cyclohexanedioic acid or cyclohexanedimethanol as sole carbon source. These strains were able to utilize (+)-limonene supplied as a vapor as only carbon source. The yeasts have a CoQ-10 system. Morphology and physiological properties of the strains did not fit any known yeast species. Recent analysis of the 26S D1/D2 and ITS-5.8S rDNA sequences of basidiomycetous yeasts showed that these strains represented three hitherto unknown species of Rhodotorula and fell in a cluster consisting of Rhodotorula philyla and the mycoparasitic fungus Colacogloea peniophorae. Descriptions of three new species Rhodotorula cycloclastica (type strain TVN 309=UOFS Y 2046=CBS 8448), Rhodotorula retinophila (type strain TVN 295=UOFS Y 2043=CBS 8446), Rhodotorula terpenoidalis (type strain TVN 310=UOFS Y 2042=CBS 8445) are proposed to accommodate these isolates. [source] Rhodotorula pinicola sp. nov., a basidiomycetous yeast species isolated from xylem of pine twigsFEMS YEAST RESEARCH, Issue 2 2002Jian-Hua Zhao Abstract Three pink-colored yeast strains 3-1-3, 10-3-3 and 19-3-3 were isolated from xylem of surface-sterilized twigs of Pinus tabulaeformis collected from Dongling Mountain, Beijing, in different seasons. These strains were identified as Rhodotorula minuta (Saito) F.C. Harrison by conventional taxonomic characterization. However, molecular phylogenetic analysis based on internal transcribed spacer region (including 5.8S rDNA) and large-subunit rDNA D1/D2 domain sequences indicated that they represent a novel basidiomycetous yeast species, for which Rhodotorula pinicola is proposed (type strain: AS 2.2193T=CBS 9130T). The new species was most closely related to Rhodotorula laryngis Reiersöl in the R. minuta complex. [source] Dothistroma rhabdoclinis sp. nov. associated with Rhabdocline pseudotsugae on Douglas firFOREST PATHOLOGY, Issue 4 2000H. Butin Dothistroma rhabdoclinis, a new coelomycete on needles of Pseudotsuga menziesii is described. The fungus is associated, possibly as a hyperparasite, with Rhabdocline pseudotsugae, the causal agent of Rhabdocline needle-cast of Douglas fir. The presence of D. rhabdoclinis interferes with and sometimes completely inhibits the production of ascomata of R. pseudotsugae. The cultural and morphological characters of the new fungus are compared with the only other known member of the genus, Dothistroma septospora. [source] Nectar ,theft' by hummingbird flower mites and its consequences for seed set in Moussonia deppeanaFUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY, Issue 1 2001Lara C. Summary 1,Mites (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae) that live and feed in the flowers of about 100 plant species are transported in the nares of hummingbirds (Trochilidae). Mites may compete with hummingbirds for nectar secreted by the host plants, and this could affect the dynamics and reproductive outcomes of the mutualism between plants and their pollinating hummingbirds. 2,Here we combined field observations and experimental manipulations to assess the role of hummingbird flower mites (Tropicoseius sp. nov.) on nectar secretion and reproductive output of protandrous Moussonia deppeana (Schlecht. & Cham.) Hanst. (Gesneriaceae) during their flowering period in a cloud forest remnant. 3,During the 4 days that the flowers of M. deppeana last, flowers were visited exclusively by hummingbirds (Lampornis amethystinus). Bud production per inflorescence peaked in December. There were few open flowers per inflorescence in November, but numbers increased as the flowering season progressed (December and January). 4,The availability of each flower phase differed over the flowering season. Staminate-phase flowers were more abundant over the flowering season than pistillate-phase flowers. These differences were statistically significant over time. 5,Nectar availability was reduced by up to 50% in the presence of hummingbird flower mites. Over the 4 days of observation, significantly more nectar was secreted to flowers from which mites were excluded than to flowers with no mite exclusion. The same effect was observed during flowering, but mites consumed a greater percentage of the total nectar secreted in December. 6,Significantly more nectar was secreted during the staminate phase than in the pistillate phase, independent of time and treatment. 7,A manual pollination experiment suggested that mites act like secondary pollinators in this self-compatible, non-autogamous plant, at least in flowers that were not pollinated manually and had no access to pollinating hummingbirds. 8,Although seed production was not reduced significantly by flower mites, our results suggest that the presence of floral mites can affect pollen transmission, as the amount of nectar available to hummingbirds was reduced drastically. This can directly affect hummingbird foraging patterns and reduce the fitness of the host plants. [source] Campanile trevorjacksoni sp. nov., (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from the Eocene of Jamaica: at last, a name for the first fossil used in intercontinental biostratigraphic correlation (de la Beche 1827)GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL, Issue 5 2008Roger W. Portell Abstract A new species of giant fossil gastropod belonging to the genus Campanile, Campanile trevorjacksoni sp. nov., is described from the Lower Eocene Stettin Formation of the Yellow Limestone Group of Jamaica. Over 180 years ago, internal moulds of these giant gastropods were first reported from the Eocene of Jamaica and referred to as Cerithium; it is only with the discovery of an external mould of the shell spire that it can now be removed from open nomenclature. The ornate shell of C. trevorjacksoni has flat-sided to slightly rounded whorls; straight, impressed sutures; seven beaded, spiral cords per whorl and a nodose subsutural ridge in the more adapertural part of the shell. This sculpture differentiates C. trevorjacksoni from other Paleogene Campanile species. In 1827, de la Beche included C. trevorjacksoni (as Cerithium) in a list of over 20 taxa with which he correlated his white limestone formation (including the Yellow Limestone Group of modern use) with the (Eocene) Calcaire grossier of the Paris Basin. These specimens are lost, but re-examination of de la Beche's list suggests his identifications were mostly reasonable. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Succession, palaeoecology, evolution, and speciation of Pennsylvanian non-marine bivalves, Northern Appalachian Basin, USAGEOLOGICAL JOURNAL, Issue 2 2003R. M. C. Eagar Abstract Seventeen horizons of non-marine bivalves are described within the Appalachian succession from the base of the Pottsville Group of Westphalian A-B age to the Uniontown coal of Stephanian C age at the top of the Carboniferous System. A new highly variable fauna of Anthraconaia from the roof shales of the Upper Freeport coal near Kempton, west Maryland, dates from late Westphalian D or very early Cantabrian time, on the evidence of non-marine shells and megafloras. Below this horizon, the Appalachian sequence reveals zones of Anthraconauta phillipsii and Anthraconauta tenuis in the same order as in Britain, whereas faunas of Anthraconaia of these zones are less common and differ from those of Britain. In all horizons above the Upper Freeport coal all non-marine bivalve faunas consist of stages in the sequences of two natural species, the groups of Anthraconaia prolifera and Anthraconaia puella-saravana. The first shows evidence of having lived in well-oxygenated, probably shallow, fresh water conditions of relatively wide extent. The second group lived preferentially in a plant-rich environment of relatively stagnant fresh water. Both groups are found in horizons associated with coal seams and may be seen together in the same habitats, but diagrams of variation (pictographs) suggest that there was no interbreeding between the two groups in either the Northern Appalachians or in southern Germany where the species split was first recognized. In the northern Spanish coalfields of Guardo-Valderrueda and Central Asturia, facies evidence suggests how an initial split may have taken place in the same morphological directions and into the same palaeoenvironments as the later split into two species. Appalachian deposition was generally slow and intermittent with frequent palaeosols. There is also evidence of erosion and of small palaeontological breaks in the sequence, especially near the eastern edge of the Northern Appalachian Basin in western Maryland. The amount of accumulated sediment was less than one-tenth of that of western Europe when basin centre deposition is compared. We found no evidence of a major palaeontological break representing Westphalian D strata overlain by Stephanian C strata. We figure non-marine bivalve faunas of Stephanian B age in association with the Pittsburgh and the Little Pittsburgh coals. Two new species of non-marine bivalves are described: Anthraconaia anthraconautiformis sp. nov. and Anthraconaia extrema sp. nov. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||