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Southeast Norway (southeast + norway)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Hospital-treated psychosis and suicide in a rural community (1877,2005).

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2007
Part 1: Incidence rates
Objective:, To calculate the incidence rates of hospital-treated psychosis and suicide in historical cohorts of a small rural community in southeast Norway, and to compare the local findings with the national ones. Method:, We have carried out a longitudinal epidemiological study, reviewing the patient records at the mental hospitals of people born in the rural community after 1845. Based on these records, we have constructed a local register of psychosis and suicide in this population. The local incidence rates of psychosis and suicide have been compared with the national ones. Results:, The overall local incidence rates of psychosis and suicide were similar to the national ones. The local rates of schizophrenia dropped considerably after World War II. Conclusion:, The overall local incidence rates of psychosis and suicide seem to be representative for the country at large despite frequent endogamy. The recent drop in the incidence rate of schizophrenia seems to be in agreement with several international studies. [source]

Summer drought: a driver for crown condition and mortality of Norway spruce in Norway

FOREST PATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2004
S. Solberg
Summary Summer drought, i.e. unusually dry and warm weather, has been a significant stress factor for Norway spruce in southeast Norway during the 14 years of forest monitoring. Dry and warm summers were followed by increases in defoliation, discolouration of foliage, cone formation and mortality. The causal mechanisms are discussed. Most likely, the defoliation resulted from increased needle-fall in the autumn after dry summers. During the monitoring period 1988,2001, southeast Norway was repeatedly affected by summer drought, in particular, in the early 1990s. The dataset comprised 455 ,Forest officers' plots' with annual data on crown condition and mortality. Linear mixed models were used for estimation and hypothesis testing, including a variance,covariance structure for the handling of random effects and temporal autocorrelation. Résumé La sécheresse estivale, c'est à dire un temps exceptionnellement sec et chaud, a été un facteur significatif de stress pour l'Epicéa commun dans le sud-est de la Norvège au cours de 14 années de surveillance. Les étés secs et chauds ont été suivis d'une augmentation de la défoliation, des colorations anormales du feuillage, de la formation de cônes et de la mortalité. Les mécanismes causaux sont discutés. La défoliation peut probablement s'expliquer par une chute automnale des aiguilles après les étés secs. Pendant la période de suivi de 1988 à 2001, le sud-est de la Norvège a été affecté de façon répétée par des sécheresses estivales, en particulier au début des années 1990. La base de données comprend 455 ,parcelles d'agents forestiers' avec des données annuelles sur l'état des houppiers et la mortalité. Des modèles linéaires mixtes ont été utilisés pour tester les hypothèses et faire les estimations, en incluant une structure de variance-covariance pour prendre en compte les effets aléatoires et les auto-corrélations temporelles. Zusammenfassung Sommertrockenheit, d.h. ungewöhnlich trockenes und warmes Wetter, war ein wesentlicher Stressfaktor für die Fichte (Picea abies) in Südwestnorwegen während der 14 Jahre, in denen der Waldzustand bisher erfasst wurde. Nach trockenen und warmen Sommern nahmen der Nadelverlust, die Nadelverfärbung, die Zapfenbildung und die Mortalität zu. Die ursächlichen Mechanismen hierfür werden diskutiert. Am wahrscheinlichsten ist der Blattverlust das Ergebnis eines erhöhten Nadelfalles im Herbst nach einem trockenen Sommer. Während der Beobachtungsperiode von 1988 bis 2001 traten in Südwestnorwegen wiederholt trockene Sommer auf, insbesondere zu Beginn der 90er Jahre. Das Datenset umfasste 455 Stichprobeflächen mit jährlichen Angaben zum Kronenzustand und zur Mortalität. Für die statistische Analyse wurden lineare Modelle mit gemischten Effekten verwendet, einschliesslich einer Varianz-Kovarianzstruktur für die zeitreihenbedingten Autokorrelationen. [source]

Automatic detection of circular structures in high-resolution satellite images of agricultural land

ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROSPECTION, Issue 1 2009
Øivind Due Trier
Abstract Archaeological sites are sometimes visible in satellite images as soil or crop marks. At best, the marks are distinct, but they tend to have less contrast with the background than many other patterns in the images. Consequently, reliable automated detection based on pattern recognition is very difficult. Our method detects circle-shaped soil and crop marks in the panchromatic band of high-resolution satellite images of agricultural fields. Such circular marks may be caused by burial mounds. In our approach, local contrast enhancement is applied in order to make weak marks more distinct. The image is then convolved with ring templates of varying sizes, giving high absolute values at candidate circular mark locations. Each candidate mark is presented to an operator, who may reject it. We tested our method on Quickbird images from southeast Norway. The number of detected candidate marks could be varied by changing a threshold value. A reasonable compromise between not detecting too many false rings and at the same time detecting as many true rings as possible, might be when the number of false detections is approximately seven times the number of true detections. In this case, 11 out of 15, or 73%, of the strong rings were detected, and 5 out of 10, or 50%, of the fairly strong rings were detected. This is 16 out of 25 of the strong and fairly strong rings, or 64%. Archaeologists state that the software tool we developed will be helpful for locating potential cultural heritage sites. Although it makes many false detections, it will relieve the operators from time-consuming manual inspection of entire images. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency in southeast Norway, case report

ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2009
J. Koht
Background,, Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency (AVED) is a rare cause of hereditary ataxia in north European countries with unknown prevalence. Few cases are reported from these countries. Methods ,Through a systematic population based study of hereditary ataxia in southeast Norway subjects were classified and investigated. Aims , To report a subject with ataxia due to vitamin E deficiency in Norway. Results , One patient with AVED was identified. The subject was a 45 years old woman with progressive ataxia from preschool age. When she was 12 years old Friedreich's ataxia was diagnosed after neurological examination. At the age of 45 re-evaluation and re-examination was performed and genetic analysis of the Frataxin gene was negative. At that time she had truncal and extremities ataxia, titubation of the head, pes cavus, inverted plantar response, loss of proprioceptive and vibration sense and a severe sensory neuropathy. Vitamin E in serum was undetectable and genetic analysis detected a compound heterozygous mutation, p.A120T and p.R134X, in the ,-tocopherol transport protein gene on chromosome 8q13. Discussion , Vitamin E should always be assessed in progressive ataxia of genetic or unexplained causes and especially with a Friedreich's ataxia-like phenotype since treatment is available. Conclusion,, AVED is rare in Norway, but exists, and we here report the first genetically confirmed subject with ataxia due to vitamin E deficiency in Norway. [source]