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South-east Brazil (south-east + brazil)
Selected AbstractsA NEW TITANOSAUR FROM WESTERN SÃO PAULO STATE, UPPER CRETACEOUS BAURU GROUP, SOUTH-EAST BRAZILPALAEONTOLOGY, Issue 1 2006RODRIGO MILONI SANTUCCI Abstract:, Material from a new titanosaur from the Bauru Basin (Bauru Group), Brazil is described and compared with well-known titanosaurs. Adamantisaurus mezzalirai gen. et sp. nov. is based on six articulated anterior caudal vertebrae and two haemapophyses collected from the Adamantina Formation, which is considered to be Campanian,Maastrichtian? in age. Adamantisaurus mezzalirai is characterized by the following combination of characteristics: anterior caudal vertebrae with straight or slightly backwardly-projecting neural spines with strongly expanded distal ends, stout prespinal lamina, very wide pre- and postzygapophyseal articular facets, and concave postzygapophyseal articular facets on anterior caudal vertebrae. Although our cladistic analysis has produced equivocal results, Adamantisaurus mezzalirai shares with DGM ,Series B' (Peirópolis titanosaur) and Aeolosaurus the presence of postzygapophyses with concave articular facets, and shares with DGM ,Series B' the presence of laterally expanded neural spines and stout prespinal lamina. Additionally, A. mezzalirai shares with DGM ,Series' C (other titanosaur from Peirópolis) the presence of short neural spines. [source] Temporal and spatial patterns based on sediment and sediment,water interface characteristics along a cascade of reservoirs (Paranapanema River, south-east Brazil)LAKES & RESERVOIRS: RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT, Issue 1 2005Adriana Jorcin Abstract Physical and chemical characteristics of the sediments in a cascade of eight reservoirs located in the Paranapanema River (south-east Brazil) were analysed during two consecutive years during summer (January), autumn (April), winter (July) and spring (October) of 2000 and 2001, respectively. The granulometric texture, organic matter content and nutrient concentration (total nitrogen and phosphorus) were determined in the superficial sediment of 19 sampling stations, as well as the temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity and redox potential in the bottom layer of the water column. Seasonal and spatial changes were observed for both years, especially for organic matter and nutrient concentrations. Three different areas could be identified along the river, which corresponded to the upper, middle and lower Paranapanema basin. The first area was characterized by an increase of nutrients and organic matter in the sediments and a decrease of temperature and dissolved oxygen in the downstream direction. The second one represented a region where fluctuations in nutrient and organic matter concentrations and a reduction in dissolved oxygen were observed. In the third area, there was an increase in nutrient and organic matter in the sediments and also an increase in temperature and dissolved oxygen towards the river mouth. The results of the principal components analysis, using water and sediments variables, showed the ordination of sampling stations by periods: wet (January,April) and dry (July,October) during 2000. This pattern was also verified during 2001, but with slight changes, probably due to the increase in the rains which would have produced certain homogenization effects along the river. [source] Risk factors for low birthweight in north-east Brazil: the role of caesarean sectionPAEDIATRIC & PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 3 2001Antônio A.M. Silva Summary Caesarean section (CS) delivery is associated with low birthweight (LBW) in south-east Brazil. A hospital-based study was conducted on singleton infants from mothers residing in São Luís, to assess if an association between CS and LBW was found in the northern part of the country, where the CS rate is lower than in the south-east. A standardised questionnaire was administered to a sample of 2541 mothers in 10 hospitals, representing 94% of all deliveries, from March 1997 to February 1998. In a logistic model, type of delivery was the independent variable, the other variables were treated as confounders, and interaction terms were added between type of delivery and all other factors. LBW was associated with low maternal height, maternal smoking, primiparity, previous LBW, public insurance, preterm birth and CS. The CS rate was 33.7%. The risk of CS was higher for primiparous and married mothers, those with high level of schooling and attended by the same physician during prenatal and delivery care, deliveries held in private hospitals, daylight hours or evenings, and for those mothers who had adequate prenatal care. Because it appears unlikely that only medical reasons are operative, it is a possibility that CS could cause LBW, reflecting abusive indications for elective CS. [source] Monitoring tourism schooners observing estuarine dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) in the Estuarine Complex of Cananéia, south-east BrazilAQUATIC CONSERVATION: MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS, Issue 7 2009Gislaine de Fatima Filla Abstract 1.Surveys were carried out between December 2004 and March 2006 on board tourism schooners to detect possible impacts due to tourist activities on estuarine dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) in the Estuarine Complex of Cananéia. 2.The estuarine dolphins exhibited different reactions according to the different periods of time that the boats remained close to them: the longer the period, the estuarine dolphins reacted less negatively, and for periods between 2 and 30,min, more positive reactions were observed. 3.Estuarine dolphin reactions also varied according to the different procedures followed by the skippers. The approach methods considered ,correct' resulted in a positive reaction from 97% of the animals encountered and 100% of occasions where there were no apparent reactions. 4.Direct approaches to within less than 50,m were responsible for a large number of negative reactions from the estuarine dolphins. Procedures classified as ,chasing' and ,direct approach with no intention of stopping' had a 100% negative reaction. If the skippers used a correct approach, estuarine dolphins reacted positively or did not show any reaction. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Local adaptation in a plant herbivore interaction depends on the spatial scaleBIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Issue 3 2009RODRIGO COGNI Local adaptation has central importance in the understanding of co-evolution, maintenance of sexual reproduction, and speciation. We investigated local adaptation in the alkaloid-bearing legume Crotalaria pallida and its seed predator, the arctiid moth Utetheisa ornatrix, at different spatial scales. When we studied three populations from south-east Brazil (150 km apart), we did not find evidence of local adaptation, although we did find interpopulational differences in herbivore performance, and a significant interaction between herbivore sex and plant population. These results indicate that both moth and plant populations are differentiated at the regional scale. In a comparison of populations from Brazil and Florida, the herbivore showed local adaptation to its host plant; for both moth populations, the pupae were heavier when the larvae ate the sympatric than the allopatric host population. We discuss the scale dependence of our results and the possible causes for the lack of local adaptation at the regional scale, even in the presence of plant and moth differentiation. The results obtained demonstrate the importance of studying co-evolution and local adaptation at different geographical scales. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 97, 494,502. [source] | |||||||||||||