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Solid Tumor Patients (solid + tumor_patient)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Prevalence of abnormal bone density of pediatric patients prior to blood or marrow transplant

PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER, Issue 4 2009
Kathryn J. Klopfenstein MD
Abstract Osteoporosis and osteopenia are long-term side effects of bone marrow transplant (BMT). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of bone mineral density (BMD) abnormalities in pediatric patients prior to BMT. Forty-four pediatric patients were evaluated with DEXA scans. The average Z -score was ,0.37. Thirty-six percent had abnormal BMD. Sixty-seven percent of ALL patients had abnormal BMD. Patients with non-malignant diseases were significantly more likely to have abnormal BMD. Patients with ALL had more defects than solid tumor patients. Females had more defects than males. These results demonstrate BMD defects are common in children prior to BMT, especially in patients with ALL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:675,677. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Etiology and outcome of extreme leukocytosis in 758 nonhematologic cancer patients

CANCER, Issue 17 2009
A retrospective, single-institution study
Abstract BACKGROUND: To the authors' knowledge, the literature regarding extreme leukocytosis in solid tumor patients is sparse, consisting of a few case reports and small case series. METHODS: A total of 3770 consecutive solid tumor patients with a white blood cell count>40,000/,L were retrospectively identified over a 3-year period (2005-2008). Those patients without a secondary cause of their leukocytosis were defined as having a paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction. RESULTS: A total of 758 (20%) patients with solid tumors and extreme leukocytosis were identified. The etiology of the leukocytosis was hematopoietic growth factors in 522 (69%) patients, infection in 112 (15%) patients, high-dose corticosteroids in 38 (5%) patients, newly diagnosed leukemia in 9 (1%) patients, and paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction in 77 (10%) patients. The patients diagnosed with a paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction typically had neutrophil predominance (96%) and radiographic evidence of metastatic disease (78%), were clinically stable, and had a poor prognosis; 78% either died or were discharged to hospice within 12 weeks of their initial extreme leukocyte count. All of the 8 (10%) patients who survived>1 year received effective antineoplastic therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Infection was an uncommon cause of extreme leukocytosis in patients with solid tumors. Patients with paraneoplastic leukemoid reactions typically were clinically stable despite having large tumor burdens. However, clinical outcomes were poor unless effective antineoplastic treatment was received. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society. [source]

Phase I study of TZT-1027, a novel synthetic dolastatin 10 derivative and inhibitor of tubulin polymerization, given weekly to advanced solid tumor patients for 3 weeks

CANCER SCIENCE, Issue 2 2009
Nobuyuki Yamamoto
TZT-1027 is a novel synthetic dolastatin 10 derivative that inhibits tubulin polymerization. A phase I study was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of TZT-1027, and to assess its pharmacokinetic profile in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors following administration of the drug weekly for 3 weeks. Eligible patients had advanced solid tumors that failed to respond to standard therapy or for which no standard therapy was available, and met the following criteria: performance status ,2 and acceptable organ function. The MTD was defined as the highest dose at which more than two-thirds of the patients experienced grade 4 hematological toxicity or grade 3/4 non-hematological toxicity during weekly TZT-1027 administration for 3 weeks. Forty patients were enrolled in the present study. Twelve doses between 0.3 and 2.1 mg/m2 were evaluated. Grade 4 neutropenia was the principal dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). At a dose of 2.1 mg/m2, two patients developed DLT: one patient developed grade 4 neutropenia, grade 3 myalgia, and grade 4 constipation, and the other one developed grade 4 neutropenia and grade 3 constipation. At a dose level of 1.8 mg/m2, toxicity was acceptable and no DLT was observed. The area under the curve and maximum concentration of TZT-1027 tended to increase linearly with the dose. The DLT observed were neutropenia, myalgia, and constipation, and the MTD was 2.1 mg/m2. The recommended dose for a phase II study was determined to be 1.8 mg/m2 for the drug administered weekly for 3 weeks. (Cancer Sci 2009; 100: 316,321) [source]