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Soft Tissue Neoplasm (soft + tissue_neoplasm)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of giant cell fibroblastoma: Case report and review of the literature

DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 6 2002
Lester J. Layfield M.D.
Abstract Giant cell fibroblastoma is an uncommon soft tissue neoplasm occurring in childhood. It appears to be the juvenile form of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, with which it shares some histologic, cytogenetic, and immunohistochemical features. We report, to our knowledge, the second description of the cytologic features of giant cell fibroblastoma. The present case represents a recurrent lesion in the soft tissues of the scrotum of a 17-yr-old male. The aspirate produced moderately cellular smears containing mononuclear cells, usually lying singly, but occasionally forming clusters. The majority of the individual cells possessed scanty bipolar cytoplasm or were devoid of cytoplasm. The nuclei were bland, with small nucleoli. Nuclear membranes frequently contained notches, creases, or folds. Small fragments of metachromatic stroma were present in the background and were often associated with small aggregates of cells. Rare multinucleated giant cells containing bland oval or basillary-shaped nuclei were admixed with the spindle-cell component. Necrosis and mitotic figures were not a component of the smears. Surgical resection of the mass confirmed the diagnosis of giant cell fibroblastoma. We review the characteristic cytologic features of giant cell fibroblastoma and compare them with other soft tissue tumors in the differential diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2002;26:398,403. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma histologically mimicking parosteal osteosarcoma

PATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 7 2002
Masaharu Fukunaga
An extraskeletal osteosarcoma histologically mimicking parosteal osteosarcoma arising in a 63-year-old female is described. The intramuscular lesion in the left lower thigh was a 7 × 4 cm, well-defined mass with marked central calcification and ossification. The tumor was composed predominately of a centrally located osteocartilaginous component and a peripheral, non-osseous fibrous component. The former was characterized by a complex interanastomosing pattern of woven-bone trabeculae with small osteocytes and a minor cartilaginous element. The intratrabecular stroma consisted of benign-appearing fibroblasts. The peripheral fibrous part was characterized by fascicular and interlacing proliferations of spindle cells with mild atypia, rare mitosis and low to moderate cellularity. There were a few scattered foci of proliferating pleomorphic cells, constituting 5% of the tumor, indicating high-grade transformation. There was no evidence of zoning phenomena, cortical erosion, periosteal reaction or intramedullary involvement. The patient is well without recurrence or metastasis at 12 months follow up. This soft tissue neoplasm, mimicking parosteal osteosarcoma, should be distinguished from other bone-forming tumors or tumor-like lesions with which they may be confused. Pathologists and physicians should know the existence of this type of extraskeletal osteosarcoma and treat it as a high-grade extraskeletal osteosarcoma. [source]

Cytomorphological study of soft tissue neoplasms: role of fluorescent immunocytochemistry in diagnosis

CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 5 2005
B. Rekhi
Objectives:, Exact categorization of soft tissue tumours (STTs) on smears requires application of various ancillary techniques. This study was aimed at evaluating the role of fluorescent immunocytochemistry (FICC) in cyto-diagnosis of 30 STT cases. Methods:, Thirty cases of soft tissue tumours were included in the present study. All cases were subjected to routine Giemsa and Papanicolaou stain. Extra smears were made and kept for fluorescent immunostaining. A panel of cytoskeletal antibodies, tagged with FITC (Fluorescein isothyocynate), was employed in all these cases. Fluorescent immunostained smears were examined under Zeiss Confocal Laser scanning microscope, using double immunofluorescence (red-green). Finally, all cases were subjected to biopsy and again immunoperoxidase staining. Results:, Among the 30 cases in the present study, unaided cytological diagnoses ranged from ,spindle cell' tumour in four (13.3%) cases, benign and malignant spindle cell tumour in 17 (56.6%) cases, to malignant mesenchymal tumour in nine (30%) cases. FICC helped in further correct categorization of 25/30 (83.3%) cases viz. leiomyoma (three), benign neurogenic tumour (six), schwannoma (one), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (three), synovial sarcoma (two), rhabdomyosarcoma (two), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (five) and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (three). Aggressive fibromatosis was found to be a missed diagnosis in two cases. Overall concordance between cyto-diagnosis with FICC, and histopathology results was 83.3% (P < 0.05). Conclusion:, Fluorescent immunocytochemistry is a significant ancillary technique for making a rapid and specific diagnosis of STT, as required for their timely management. Incorporation of a wide panel of antibody markers with clinico-cytological correlation is recommended in forming an exact diagnosis in these cases. [source]

Expression of receptor tyrosine kinases epidermal growth factor receptor and HER-2/neu in synovial sarcoma,

CANCER, Issue 4 2005
Dafydd G. Thomas M.D., Ph.D.
Abstract BACKGROUND Synovial sarcomas are high-grade soft tissue neoplasms often characterized by a biphasic spindle and epithelioid cell morphology. The majority of synovial sarcomas harbor a specific chromosomal translocation in which the proximal portion of the SYT gene at chromosome 18q11 is fused to the distal portion of one of several duplicated SSX genes (most notably SSX1 and SSX2) at chromosome Xp11. SYT/SSX1 translocations are seen in nearly three times as many synovial sarcomas as SYT/SSX2 translocations. Although the SYT/SSX2 fusion is usually associated with the monophasic disease pattern, the SYT/SSX1 fusion is present in tumors with biphasic or monophasic patterns. The SYT/SSX1 fusion gene is associated with more aggressive tumor growth and poor outcome. Despite advances in the therapy of local disease, distant metastasis remains the predominant cause of death. Accordingly, there is a need for alternate therapies, such as those recently developed against the receptor tyrosine kinases, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER-2/neu. METHODS Archival specimens of synovial sarcoma (n = 38) representing 30 patients were assessed for EGFR and HER-2/neu protein expression by standard immunohistochemical techniques. To validate the immunohistochemistry results, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) assays using either fresh and/or archival material was performed. The presence of gene amplification was determined by chromogenic in-situ hybridization. RESULTS EGFR and HER-2/neu protein were detected by immunohistochemistry in 21 of 38 (55.3%) and 20 of 38 (52.6%) synovial specimens, respectively. EGFR immunoreactivity showed a granular and membranous pattern, whereas HER-2/neu immunoreactivity demonstrated only a membrane pattern. Coexpression was observed in 13 of 38 specimens (34.2%). HER-2/neu expression by immunohistochemistry in synovial sarcomas was restricted to tumors with the SYT/SSX1 translocations. Of 6 specimens with SSX2 translocation, none (0%) showed HER-2/neu immunoreactivity and 1 (17%) demonstrated EGFR expression. Q-PCR demonstrated the presence of mRNA for EGFR and HER-2/neu in 19 of 30 specimens (63.3%) and 22 of 30 specimens (73.3%), respectively. EGFR and HER-2/neu were expressed at low concentrations compared with the expression of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). No evidence of gene amplification was observed. CONCLUSIONS EGFR and HER-2/neu are expressed in the majority of patients with SYT/SSX1 synovial sarcomas, albeit at low levels. Treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors may represent appropriate alternate therapy for these patients. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society. [source]