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Society Members (society + member)
Selected AbstractsPre-operative fasting: a nationwide survey of German anaesthesia departmentsACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 3 2010J.-P. BREUER Background: Shorter pre-operative fasting improves clinical outcome without an increased risk. Since October 2004, German Anaesthesiology Societies have officially recommended a fast of 2 h for clear fluids and 6 h for solid food before elective surgery. We conducted a nationwide survey to evaluate the current clinical practice in Germany. Methods: Between July 2006 and January 2007, standardized questionnaires were mailed to 3751 Anaesthesiology Society members in leading positions requesting anonymous response. Results: The overall response rate was 66% (n=2418). Of those, 2148 (92%) claimed familiarity with the new guidelines. About a third (n=806, 34%) reported full adherence to the new recommendations, whereas 1043 (45%) reported an eased fasting practice. Traditional Nil per os after midnight was still recommended by 157 (7%). Commonest reasons reported for adopting the new guidelines were: ,improved pre-operative comfort' (84%), and ,increased patient satisfaction' (83%); reasons against were: ,low flexibility in operation room management' (19%), and ,increased risk of aspiration' (13%). Conclusion: Despite the apparent understanding of the benefits from reduced pre-operative fasting, full implementation of the guidelines remains poor in German anaesthesiology departments. [source] 71 2005 Australia and New Zealand female urology survey: where are we and where are we going?BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2006S. PILLAY Introduction:, Historically Urologists have had more training in the management of incontinence than prolapse, yet these conditions often coexist. As public hospitals perform less elective surgery there is an erosion of trainee exposure to female urology. Do Urological Society members see incontinence and prolapse as important areas for Urologists to continue managing? Methods:, A survey was sent to all Urologists and Trainees in Australia and New Zealand about training, current practice and interest in female urology. Results:, Sixty-nine per cent perform SUI surgery in current practice, and 94% of these had exposure to SUI surgery during their training. 50% of those performing SUI surgery would have liked more training, and 99% believe Urologists should be able to perform SUI surgery. 23% perform prolapse surgery in current practice, and 52% of these had exposure to prolapse surgery during their training. 55% of those performing prolapse surgery would have liked more training. 92% believe Urologists should be able to competently assess women for prolapse and 76% believe Urologists should be able to perform prolapse surgery. 51% have a chaperone present when performing vaginal examination and greater than 50% indicated an interest in attending workshops in female urology. 99% believed trainees should be trained in female urology, and 67% believed there should be a fellowship in female urology. Conclusions:, Most believe Urologists should manage incontinence and prolapse. Many wish they had more training in this area. Female urology fellowships are widely supported. There is sufficient interest to run workshops in this area. [source] The relationship between acculturation strategies, relative fit and intergroup relations: immigrant-majority relations in GermanyEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2002Hanna Zagefka This study examined the impact of the acculturation strategy preferences of both immigrants and host society on intergroup relations. It was expected that integration would lead to the best outcome for both groups. Moreover, it was tested whether the relative ,fit' between host society and immigrant strategy preference would predict intergroup relations. The predictive power of two different operationalisations of fit was compared. School students (193 German host society members and 128 immigrants to Germany) participated in a questionnaire study. Findings revealed that both acculturation strategies of one group and relative ,fit' between immigrant and host society strategy preference were predictive of intergroup relations. In general, a strategy of integration was associated with more favourable intergroup relations in both groups, and a mismatch between host and immigrant preferred strategies yielded the most negative outcomes. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The role and duties of scientific medical societies: The German Society of Dermatology from the member's perspectiveJOURNAL DER DEUTSCHEN DERMATOLOGISCHEN GESELLSCHAFT, Issue 1 2010Peter Hensen Summary Background: The German Society of Dermatology is a scientific medical society that represents the interests of German-speaking dermatology. One recommendation of a strategic planning mission was to increase the involvement of society members. Methods: Based on an empirical approach (questionnaire survey) a systematic member inquiry was performed which focused on the motives for membership, the image of the society,the use of provided services,and expectations and needs. Items regarding profession and health politics, continuous education and specialist training, and scientific representation and research promotion were considered in equal measure. Results: In total, 931 usable questionnaires were available with a response rate of 28.4%. Various single results could be integrated in a subsequent strategic dialogue. The German Society of Dermatology is regarded as active and powerful in scientific issues and promotion of research. However, numerous expectations have been expressed to strengthen future activities in professional and health care related issues. Needs and demands differ if members are scientifically active or rather not. Conclusions: A scientific society in general acts in a permanent area of conflict and has to deal with multiple positions and interests. Thereby members' needs and demands may vary dependent on individual and professional backgrounds. Members who are not scientifically active should be more integrated in the society while at the same time the society's aims should be coordinated with that of the Berufsverband (organization of practicing dermatologists). Better networking is required both within the society and with outside groups. In addition, the primary aims and objectives of the society should be made even clearer to all interested parties. [source] Nature, Rationale, and Effectiveness of Education for CoexistenceJOURNAL OF SOCIAL ISSUES, Issue 2 2004Daniel Bar-Tal Coexistence is a state of mind shared by society members who recognize the rights of another group to exist peacefully as a legitimate, equal partner with whom disagreements have to be resolved in nonviolent ways. Achieving coexistence is a great challenge because of the negative relations between the two groups. These negative relations, the result of ethnocentric beliefs or intractable conflict, are widely shared and their abolition requires deep societal change. Education for coexistence plays an important function in this change. The article suggests that when negative relations are based on ethnocentrism, education for coexistence plays a major role in changing the nature of the relations. But when negative relations derive from intergroup conflict, education for coexistence has less influence. [source] Detecting selection on morphological traits in social insect castes: the case of the social wasp Vespula maculifronsBIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Issue 1 2010JENNIFER L. KOVACS Highly social insects dominate terrestrial ecosystems because society members belong to discrete castes that undertake distinct tasks. The distinct functional roles of members of different castes may lead to divergent selective regimes, which may ultimately lead to morphological specialization and differentiation of the castes. This study used morphological and genetic analyses to identify traits that experienced caste-specific selection in the social wasp Vespula maculifrons (Buysson, 1905). Traits putatively under selection were identified based on their degree of caste dimorphism, levels of variability, strength of correlations with other traits, and patterns of allometric scaling. Analyses of trait characteristics suggested that queen thorax length, thorax width, and possibly mass, have experienced queen-specific selection. Additionally, trait dimorphism and intercaste phenotypic correlation values were negatively correlated, as expected if some morphological traits were subject to selection, leading to alternate phenotypic optima in the two castes. Overall, our analyses demonstrate how techniques used to identify selection between dimorphic groups can be applied to social species with distinct castes. In addition, our analyses suggest the operation of selection may be stronger in reproductive than in non-reproductive castes. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 101, 93,102. [source] | |||||||||||||