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BTX-A Treatment (btx-a + treatment)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%
Distribution within Medical Sciences
Dermatology50%

Selected Abstracts

Botulinum-A Toxin Treatment of the Lower Eyelid Improves Infraorbital Rhytides and Widens the Eye

DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 8 2001
Timothy Corcoran Flynn MD
Botulinum-A exotoxin (BTX-A) can be used cosmetically to improve rhytides, particularly of the upper one-third of the face. In this study, fifteen women had BTX-A (BOTOX, Allergan, Inc.) injected into the orbicularis oculi muscle. One lower eyelid received two units just subdermally in the midpupillary line three millimeters below the ciliary margin. The opposite periocular area received two units BTX-A in the lower eyelid with 12 units BTX-A injected into the lateral orbital ("crow's foot") area. Three injections of four units each were placed 1.5 cm from the lateral canthus, each 1 cm apart. Patients and physicians independently evaluated the degree of improvement (grade 0 = no improvement, grade 1 = mild improvement, grade 2 = moderate improvement, and grade 3 = dramatic improvement). An independent photographic analysis was performed. Patients reported a grade of 0.73 when two units were injected alone into the lower lid, and a grade of 1.9 when the lower eyelid and the lateral orbital areas were injected. Physician assessment was grade 0.7 with injection of the eyelid alone and grade 1.8 with injection of the lower eyelid and lateral orbital area. Single investigator photographic analysis demonstrated that 40% of the subjects who had injection of the lower eyelid alone had an increased palpebral aperture (IPA), while 86% of the subjects who had injection of the lower eyelid and lateral orbital area had an IPA. Subjects receiving two units alone had an average 0.5 mm IPA and a mean 1.3 mm IPA at full smile. Concomitant treatment of the lateral orbital area produced a mean 1.8 mm IPA at rest and a mean 2.9 mm IPA at full smile. The results were more notable in the Asian eye. Two units of BTX-A injected into the lower eyelid orbicularis oculi muscle improves infraorbital wrinkles, particularly when used in combination with BTX-A treatment of the lateral orbital area. [source]

Effect of muscle activity and botulinum toxin dilution volume on muscle paralysis

DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE & CHILD NEUROLOGY, Issue 3 2003
Hyeon Sook Kim MD PhD
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A, Botox) dilution volume and post-injection exercise with electrical stimulation on muscle paralysis. We injected 10 units of BTX-A diluted with 0.1 ml (B1, n=8) or 0.5 ml (B5, n=8) normal saline into both gastrocnemius muscles of 16 New Zealand white rabbits; two controls received no BTX-A. After BTX-A injection, all rabbits received calf muscle stretching exercise and electrical stimulation for 2 hours on the left leg. The compound muscle action potential (CMAP) decrease was most pronounced at 1 week and progressive recovery was observed (i.e. recovery from paralysis, increase of CMAP). There was a significant decrease of CMAP amplitudes in the B5 group compared with the B1 group at week 1 and week 4 (p<0.001). Left limbs with stretching exercise and electrical stimulation showed lower CMAP amplitudes compared with control right limbs of all rabbits. To maximize the muscle paralysis effect of BTX-A, increasing dilution volume and performing post-injection stretching exercise with electrical stimulation may be a promising strategy for increasing the beneficial effect of BTX-A treatment. Future studies are needed to investigate the clinical application of this finding. [source]

Molding the sensory cortex: Spatial acuity improves after botulinum toxin treatment for cervical dystonia

MOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 16 2007
Richard Walsh MB
Abstract Disorganization of sensory cortical somatotopy has been described in adult onset primary torsion dystonia (AOPTD). Although botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) acts peripherally, some studies have suggested a central effect. Our primary hypothesis was that sensory cortical reorganization occurs after BTX-A treatment of AOPTD. Twenty patients with cervical dystonia and 18 healthy age-matched control patients had spatial discrimination thresholds (SDTs) measured at baseline and monthly for 3 months. Mean baseline SDT (±SD) was 1.75 ±0.76 mm in the dystonia group, greater than the control group mean of 1.323 ± 0.45 mm (P = 0.05). Mean control group SDT did not vary significantly over time. A transient improvement of 23% from baseline (P = 0.005) occurred in the dystonia group 1 month after injection, which did not positively correlate with changes in physician and patient ratings of torticollis severity. The presumed mechanism of SDT improvement is a modulation of afferent cortical inputs from muscle spindles. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society [source]

A review of peripheral nerve blockade as local anaesthesia in the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis

BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 3 2003
M.J. Hayton
Summary Injection of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is an effective method of controlling palmar hyperhidrosis. It is, however, an uncomfortable procedure without adequate anaesthesia. We outline the techniques used, the reasons for them and potential pitfalls that can be avoided, with an outline of the neural anatomy relevant to the palmar injection of BTX-A. We have been using peripheral nerve blockade as local anaesthesia during BTX-A treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis for the last few years, and have found it an effective method of providing pain relief during the procedure, giving greater anaesthesia than that given by topical anaesthetic cream under occlusion and ice. It has been our experience that patients prefer wrist blockade to topical anaesthesia and ice when receiving BTX-A injections for treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis. [source]