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BDNF Gene (bdnf + gene)
Selected AbstractsChanges in alternative brain-derived neurotrophic factor transcript expression in the developing human prefrontal cortexEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, Issue 7 2009Jenny Wong Abstract In this study, we determined when and through which promoter brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) transcription is regulated during the protracted period of human frontal cortex development. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we examined the expression of the four most abundant alternative 5, exons of the BDNF gene (exons I, II, IV, and VI) in RNA extracted from the prefrontal cortex. We found that expression of transcripts I,IX and VI,IX was highest during infancy, whereas that of transcript II,IX was lowest just after birth, slowly increasing to reach a peak in toddlers. Transcript IV,IX was significantly upregulated within the first year of life, and was maintained at this level until school age. Quantification of BDNF protein revealed that levels followed a similar developmental pattern as transcript IV,IX. In situ hybridization of mRNA in cortical sections showed the highest expression in layers V and VI for all four BDNF transcripts, whereas moderate expression was observed in layers II and III. Interestingly, although low expression of BDNF was observed in cortical layer IV, this BDNF mRNA low-zone decreased in prominence with age and showed an increase in neuronal mRNA localization. In summary, our findings show that dynamic regulation of BDNF expression occurs through differential use of alternative promoters during the development of the human prefrontal cortex, particularly in the younger age groups, when the prefrontal cortex is more plastic. [source] A DRD4/BDNF gene,gene interaction associated with maximum BMI in women with bulimia nervosaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS, Issue 1 2008Allan S. Kaplan MD, FRCP(C) Abstract Objective: The goals of the current study were threefold: 1) to examine whether the hypofunctional 7R allele of the DRD4 gene contributes to maximal lifetime body mass in women with BN; 2) to determine whether the BDNF gene contributes to maximal BMI on its own, and 3) to explore possible BDNF/DRD4 gene-gene interactions in mediating maximum lifetime BMIs in BN. Method: We tested two General Linear Models predicting maximum lifetime BMI with the exon 3 VNTR polymorphism of the dopamine-4 receptor gene (DRD4) and either the Val66Met or the -270C/T polymorphism of BDNF respectively in 163 female probands with BN, purging subtype. Results: In these bulimic subjects, the hypofunctional 7R allele of DRD4 predicted maximal BMI (p < .01). There was also a significant interaction between the DRD4 gene and the BDNF gene in predicting maximal BMI. The Val66Met rather than the 270C/T polymorphism of BDNF interacting with DRD4 predicted maximum BMI in this BN sample (p < .01). Probands carrying both the hypofunctional 7R allele of DRD4 and the Met66 allele of BDNF had significantly higher maximal BMI than did probands in the other gene-gene interaction groups. Conclusion: These results provide further evidence that the hypofunctional 7R allele of DRD4 contributes to weight gain in women with BN and that the BDNF gene interacts with DRD4 to influence weight regulation in these subjects. © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008 [source] The effect of BDNF gene variants on asthma in German childrenALLERGY, Issue 12 2009S. Zeilinger Background:, Allergic inflammation can trigger neuronal dysfunction and structural changes in the airways and the skin. Levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are strongly up regulated at the location of allergic inflammation. Aim:, We systematically investigated whether polymorphisms in the BDNF gene influence the development or severity of asthma and atopic diseases. Methods:, The BDNF gene was screened for mutations in 80 chromosomes. Genotyping of six BDNF tagging polymorphisms was performed in a cross-sectional study population of 3099 children from Dresden and Munich (age 9,11 years, ISAAC II). Furthermore, polymorphisms were also investigated in an additional 655 asthma cases analysed with a random sample of 767 children selected from ISAAC II. Associations were calculated via chi-square test and anova using SAS Genetics and spss. Results:, We identified nine polymorphisms with minor allele frequency ,0.03, one of them leading to an amino acid change from Valine to Methionine. In the cross-sectional study population, no significant association was found with asthma or any atopic disease. However, when more severe asthma cases from the MAGIC study were analysed, significant asthma effects were observed with rs6265 (odds ratio 1.37, 95% confidence interval 1.14,1.64, P = 0.001), rs11030101 (OR 0.82, 95%CI 0.70,0.95, P = 0.009) and rs11030100 (OR 1.19, 95%CI 1.00,1.42, P = 0.05). Conclusions:, As in previous studies, effects of BDNF polymorphisms on asthma remain controversial. The data may suggest that BDNF polymorphisms contribute to severe forms of asthma. [source] Prefrontal cognition in schizophrenia and bipolar illness in relation to Val66Met polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor genePSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES, Issue 1 2006JANUSZ K. RYBAKOWSKI md Abstract, The measures of prefrontal cognition have been used as endophenotype in molecular-genetic studies. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been implicated in cognitive functions and in the pathogenesis of major psychoses. This study investigates the relationship between Val66Met polymorphisms of the BDNF gene and prefrontal cognitive function in 129 patients with schizophrenia and 111 patients with bipolar mood disorder. Cognitive tests included the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), with such domains as number of perseverative errors, non-perseverative errors, completed corrected categories, conceptual level responses, and set to the first category, and the N-back test, where mean reaction time and percent of correct reactions were measured. Genotyping for Val66Met BDNF polymorphism was done by polymerase chain reaction method. In schizophrenia, no relationship between Val66Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene and the results of the WCST was observed. Patients with Val/Val genotype had a higher percentage of correct reactions in the N-back test than those with the remaining genotypes. Bipolar patients with Val/Val genotype obtained significantly better results on three of five domains of the WCST. No relationship between BDNF polymorphism and the results of the N-back test was found in this group. A limitation to the results could be variable psychopathological state and medication during cognitive testing and lack of Hardy,Weinberg equilibrium in schizophrenia group. Val66Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene may be associated with cognitive performance on the WCST in bipolar mood disorder but not in schizophrenia. An association of this polymorphism with performance on the N-back test in schizophrenia and not in bipolar illness may suggest that in schizophrenia, the BDNF system may be connected with early phases of information processing. [source] Association between brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene and a severe form of bipolar disorder, but no interaction with the serotonin transporter geneBIPOLAR DISORDERS, Issue 5 2008Ilona Vincze Background:, Recent data suggest that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the serotonergic system are involved and interact in major depressive disorder and suicidal behavior (SB). Several family and population-based studies have reported associations between the BDNF gene and serotonin-related genes, specifically the serotonin transporter (5HTT) gene, with bipolar disorder (BD) and SB. However, despite the fact that gene-by-gene interaction between BDNF and 5HTT has been demonstrated in monoamine deficiencies in animals, this kind of interaction has never been tested in humans. Our hypothesis is that some BDNF and 5HTT polymorphisms might confer increased risk for BD and SB and that both genes may interact with each other. Methods:, To test this hypothesis, we genotyped the most common BDNF polymorphisms, G196A (Val66Met), A-633T and BDNF-LCPR, as well as 5HTT (5HTT-LPR), in 447 BD patients and 370 controls. Results:, We replicated the association previously reported between BDNF G196A (Val66Met) polymorphism and BD. We also observed a correlation between the number of G196 alleles and short alleles of 5HTT-LPR and the severity of SB in BD. However, we found no significant interaction between these two markers. Conclusions:, These results suggest that BDNF G196A as well as 5HTT-LPR polymorphisms confer risk for SB in BD, but we did not observe any evidence for an interaction between them. [source] Brain-derived neurotrophic factor G196A polymorphism and clinical features in Parkinson's diseaseACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 1 2010L. Gao Gao L, Díaz-Corrales FJ, Carrillo F, Díaz-Martín J, Caceres-Redondo MT, Carballo M, Palomino A, López-Barneo J, Mir P. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor G196A polymorphism and clinical features in Parkinson's disease. Acta Neurol Scand: 2010: 122: 41,45. © 2010 The Authors Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Munksgaard. Objectives,, Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the dopaminergic neuronal death in substantia nigra, and genetic factors appear to be involved in the pathophysiology of this disease. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is widely expressed in the central nervous system and is necessary for the survival of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. G196A, a common polymorphism of the BDNF gene, not only affects cognitive and motor processes, but also is associated with various psychiatric disorders. We evaluated whether G196A polymorphism is associated with PD and/or modifies clinical manifestations in PD patients. Methods,, We included 193 PD patients and 300 control subjects. G196A polymorphism was screened by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Clinical features of each patient were examined in detail. The possible association between genotype and clinical characteristics were determined by bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results,, The distribution of G196A allele and genotype frequency was similar between PD and control subjects. Clinical characteristics, including Hoehn-Yahr stage, motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms (depression, cognitive dysfunction, psychiatric dysfunctions, and sleep behavior disorder), and dyskinesias, were not associated with this polymorphism. Conclusions,, G196A polymorphism is not a risk factor for PD and does not seem to modify clinical features in PD patients studied here. [source] Lack of association between BDNF Val66Met gene polymorphism and late-onset depression in a Chinese Han populationACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA, Issue 4 2009Jiayong You Background: Val66Met polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene has been suggested to be associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). There were a few reports of the relationship between the variant and late-onset depression (LOD) in Chinese Han population. Objective: To investigate the relationship among BDNF Val66Met gene variants, BDNF plasma level and LOD. Methods: Chinese Han patients with LOD (n = 99) and control subjects (n = 110) were assessed for BDNF Val66Met gene polymorphism. BDNF plasma level was tested only in LOD. Results: There were no significant differences in genotypes and allele frequencies between cases and controls (p = 0.744 and p = 0.845, respectively). Plasma BDNF level also did not show significant differences in three genotypes in LOD (p = 0.860). Conclusion: The Val66Met polymorphism in BDNF gene may not confer susceptibility to LOD in Chinese Han population. [source] | ||||||||||