			Home About us Contact

Skin Wounds (skin + wound)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	81%
Life Sciences	18%

Terms modified by Skin Wounds

skin wound healing

Selected Abstracts

Skin wound healing in diabetic ,6 integrin-deficient mice

APMIS, Issue 10 2010
JASPER N. JACOBSEN
Jacobsen JN, Steffensen B, Häkkinen L, Krogfelt KA, Larjava HS. Skin wound healing in diabetic ,6 integrin-deficient mice. APMIS 2010; 118: 753,64. Integrin ,v,6 is a heterodimeric cell surface receptor, which is absent from the normal epithelium, but is expressed in wound-edge keratinocytes during re-epithelialization. However, the function of the ,v,6 integrin in wound repair remains unclear. Impaired wound healing in patients with diabetes constitutes a major clinical problem worldwide and has been associated with the accumulation of advanced glycated endproducts (AGEs) in the tissues. AGEs may account for aberrant interactions between integrin receptors and their extracellular matrix ligands such as fibronectin (FN). In this study, we compared healing of experimental excisional skin wounds in wild-type (WT) and ,6-knockout (,6,/,) mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Results showed that diabetic ,6,/, mice had a significant delay in early wound closure rate compared with diabetic WT mice, suggesting that ,v,6 integrin may serve as a protective role in re-epithelialization of diabetic wounds. To mimic the glycosylated wound matrix, we generated a methylglyoxal (MG)-glycated variant of FN. Keratinocytes utilized ,v,6 and ,1 integrins for spreading on both non-glycated and FN-MG, but their spreading was reduced on FN-MG. These findings indicated that glycation of FN and possibly other integrin ligands could hamper keratinocyte interactions with the provisional matrix proteins during re-epithelialization of diabetic wounds. [source]

Facial nerve injury-induced disinhibition in the primary motor cortices of both hemispheres

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, Issue 6 2000
Tamás Farkas
Abstract Unilateral facial nerve transection induces plastic reorganization of the somatotopic order in the primary motor cortex area (MI). This process is biphasic and starts with a transient disinhibition of connections between cortical areas in both hemispheres. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here, cortical excitability has been studied by paired pulse electrical stimulation, applied either within the MI or peripherally to the trigeminal nerve, while the responses were recorded bilaterally in the MI. The ratios between the amplitudes of the second and first evoked potentials (EPs or fEPSPs) were taken as measures of the inhibitory capacity in the MI ipsilateral or contralateral to the nerve injury. A skin wound or unilateral facial nerve exposure immediately caused a transient facilitation, which was followed by a reset to some level of inhibition in the MI on both sides. After facial nerve transection, the first relatively mild reduction of inhibition started shortly (within 10 min) after denervation. This was followed by a second step, involving a stronger decrease in inhibition, 40,45 min later. Previous publications have proved that sensory nerve injury (deafferentation) induces disinhibition in corresponding areas of the sensory cortex. It is now demonstrated that sham operation and, to an even greater extent, unilateral transection of the purely motoric facial nerve (deefferentation), each induce extended disinhibition in the MIs on both sides. [source]

What is your diagnosis?

JOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, Issue 1 2001
Article first published online: 28 JUN 200
A two-year-old, female English springer spaniel was admitted as an emergency soon afier being hit by a car. The dog was unable to stand on the pelvic limbs, which appeared weak. A small skin wound was noted on the medial aspect of the right thigh. There were no apparent neurological deficits. Radiographs were made to rule out pelvic fracture (Fig lA, B). What are the radiological signs? What would you do next to better evaluate this abnormality? [source]

Antibacterial Properties of an Iron-based Hemostatic Agent In Vitro and in a Rat Wound Model

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 7 2009
David O. Bracho
Abstract Objectives:, Topical hemostatic agents are currently employed on the battlefield for control of major hemorrhage and have potential for use in civilian settings. Some of these compounds may also be antibacterial. Given the behavior of these compounds, the purpose of this study was to assess the potential antibacterial properties of an iron oxyacid,based topical hemostatic agent against three problematic species of wound-contaminating microorganisms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis. Methods:, Bacteria were treated in vitro with the test powder for 30 minutes and then assessed for viability. Long-term (8-hour) inhibition of bacterial growth was also examined. In vivo, a rat full-thickness 1-cm2 skin wound was studied. Wounds were contaminated, treated, and then quantitatively cultured 24 hours later. Results:, The lethal dose for 99% of the organisms (LD99) for the compound against each organism ranged from 0.89 (±0.28) to 4.77 (±0.66) mg/mL (p < 0.05). The compound produced sustained inhibition over 8 hours at both 1 and 5 mg/mL (p < 0.05 for each), for P. aeruginosa, S. epidermidis, and S. aureus. In vivo, activity was noted against only P. aeruginosa, with the largest magnitude reduction being on the order of 3-log colony-forming units (CFU; p < 0.01). Conclusions:, The iron-based agent studied possesses significant in vitro and lesser in vivo antibacterial effects. Further optimization of the delivery, dosing, and evaluation of this agent in a larger animal model with more humanlike skin structures may reveal important wound effects beyond control of bleeding. [source]

Pulsed electromagnetic fields accelerate wound healing in the skin of diabetic rats

BIOELECTROMAGNETICS, Issue 4 2010
Iran Goudarzi
Abstract Delayed wound healing is a common complication in diabetes mellitus. From this point of view, the main purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF PEMFs) on skin wound healing in diabetic rats. In this study, diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats via a single subcutaneous injection of 65,mg/kg streptozocin (freshly dissolved in sterile saline, 0.9%). One month after the induction of diabetes, a full-thickness dermal incision (35,mm length) was made on the right side of the paravertebral region. The wound was exposed to ELF PEMF (20,Hz, 4,ms, 8,mT) for 1,h per day. Wound healing was evaluated by measuring surface area, percentage of healing, duration of healing, and wound tensile strength. Obtained results showed that the duration of wound healing in diabetic rats in comparison with the control group was significantly increased. In contrast, the rate of healing in diabetic rats receiving PEMF was significantly greater than in the diabetic control group. The wound tensile strength also was significantly greater than the control animals. In addition, the duration of wound healing in the control group receiving PEMF was less than the sham group. Based on the above-mentioned results we concluded that this study provides some evidence to support the use of ELF PEMFs to accelerate diabetic wound healing. Further research is needed to determine the PEMF mechanisms in acceleration of wound healing in diabetic rats. Bioelectromagnetics 31:318,323, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Neoadjuvant antiangiogenic therapy with tamoxifen does not impair gastrointestinal anastomotic repair in the rat

COLORECTAL DISEASE, Issue 4 2003
D. A. McNamara
Abstract Introduction Antiangiogenic therapy has the potential to moderate tumour and micrometastatic growth. Its use in the perioperative period is attractive but its potential to compromise wound and anastomotic healing is a cause for concern. Tamoxifen is antiangiogenic but also favourably modifies some aspects of wound healing. We hypothesised that tamoxifen would not adversely affect skin wound and gut anastomotic healing. Methods A previously established model of tamoxifen, administered orally at antiangiogenic doses (20 mg/ml arachais oil/day), was used. Animals received two days pretreatment prior to laparotomy and small bowel anastomosis. Treatment was continued until completion of the study. The principal outcome measures are survival, macroscopic wound and anastomotic healing, anastomotic bursting pressure and PVA sponge granuloma hydroxyproline (OHP) content. Results Tamoxifen treated animals had fewer complications of skin wound healing than controls (4.5%vs. 19.5%; ,2 4.65, 1 d.f., P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in adhesion formation or macroscopic complications of anastomotic healing. Anastomotic bursting pressure was greater in tamoxifen treated animals at postoperative day 3 (39 ± 4.4 vs. 22.5 ± 3.5 mmHg; P < 0.01) and equal to that of controls on postoperative day 5 (144.4 ± 9.4 vs. 127.3 ± 10.9 mmHg; P = ns). Tamoxifen treated animals weighed significantly less than placebo controls from postoperative day 3 with no difference in mortality between groups (,2 = 0.06, 1df, P = ns). PVA sponge granuloma OHP content on day 7 was higher in tamoxifen-treated animals (2.93 ± 0.4 vs. 1.4 ± 0.4 mg OHP/mg dry sponge weight; P = 0.03). Conclusion Antiangiogenic therapy with tamoxifen has no demonstrable adverse effects on wound or anastomotic repair and its perioperative use is compatible with successful early surgical outcomes. [source]

Skin Repair Using a Porcine Collagen I/III Membrane,Vascularization and Epithelization Properties

DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 6 2010
FALK WEHRHAN MD
BACKGROUND Collagen membranes have been developed to overcome the problem of limited availability of skin grafts. Vascularization and restricted functional epithelization limit the success of bioartificial constructs. OBJECTIVE To compare the vascularization, epithelization, and integration of a porcine collagen I/III membrane with that of split-thickness skin grafts on skin wounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 21 adult pigs, full-thickness skin defects on the rear side of the ear healed by split-thickness skin grafting, by covering with the membrane, or by free granulation. Skin samples on postoperative days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 were evaluated histologically (hematoxylin-eosin, Sirius Red) and using immunohistochemistry (cytokeratin 5/6, transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGF,R-III) and immunoblot (TGF,1,3, Smad2/3). Epithelial thickness and TGF,R-III-positive capillary area were quantitatively assessed. RESULTS Epithelization and vascularization in the membrane group were not significantly different from in the group treated with a split-thickness skin graft. Free granulation showed significantly slower epithelization and vascularization (p<.05). TGF,1 and Smad2/3 complex expression were high during free granulation. Matrix was distinguishable until day 7. CONCLUSIONS This membrane serves as a suitable full-thickness dermal substitute, because the membrane is vascularized faster than free granulation tissue and enables early epithelization. Geistlich Biomaterials (Wolhusen, Switzerland) provided the collagen membrane used in this study [source]

Gene expression demonstrates increased resilience toward harmful inflammatory stimuli in the proliferating epidermis of human skin wounds

EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 8 2010
K. Markus Roupé
Please cite this paper as: Gene expression demonstrates increased resilience toward harmful inflammatory stimuli in the proliferating epidermis of human skin wounds. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: e329,e332. Abstract:, We examined the epidermal gene expression during the proliferative phase of wound healing. Matrix metalloproteases were the group of proteases most prominently up-regulated in skin wounds, whereas serine protease inhibitors were the most strongly up-regulated protease inhibitors. Furthermore, we found down-regulation of genes involved in the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. This together with the up-regulation of inhibitors of leukocyte serine proteases likely represents a protective step to ensure survival of keratinocytes in the inflammatory wound environment. The down-regulation of proapoptotic genes in the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis was not accompanied by a down-regulation of receptors indicating that the keratinocytes in skin wounds did not become less responsive to external stimuli. Examining the transcription factor binding sites in the promoters of the most differentially expressed genes between normal skin and skin wounds a significant overrepresentation of binding sites were found for STAT-5, SRY and members of the FOXO-family of transcription factors. [source]

Plasticity of hair follicle dermal cells in wound healing and induction

EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 2 2003
A. Gharzi
Abstract: The capacity of adult hair follicle dermal cells to participate in new follicle induction and regeneration, and to elicit responses from diverse epithelial partners, demonstrates a level of developmental promiscuity and influence far exceeding that of interfollicular fibroblasts. We have recently suggested that adult follicle dermal cells have extensive stem or progenitor cell activities, including an important role in skin dermal wound healing. Given that up to now tissue engineered skin equivalents have several deficiencies, including the absence of hair follicles, we investigated the capacity of follicle dermal cells to be incorporated into skin wounds; to form hair follicles in wound environments; and to create a hair follicle-derived skin equivalent. In our study, we implanted rat follicle dermal cells labelled with a vital dye into ear and body skin wounds. We found that they were incorporated into the new dermis in a manner similar to skin fibroblasts, but that lower follicle dermal sheath also assimilated into hair follicles. Using different combinations of follicle dermal cells and outer root sheath epithelial cells in punch biopsy wounds, we showed that new hair follicles were formed only with the inclusion of intact dermal papillae. Finally by combining follicle dermal sheath and outer root sheath cells in organotypic chambers, we created a skin equivalent with characteristic dermal and epidermal architecture and a normal basement membrane , the first skin to be produced entirely from hair follicle cells. These data support the hypothesis that follicle dermal cells may be important in wound healing and demonstrate their potential usefulness in human skin equivalents and skin substitutes. While we have made progress towards producing skin equivalents that contain follicles, we suggest that the failure of cultured dermal papilla cells to induce follicle formation in wounds illustrates the complex role the follicle dermis may play in skin. We believe that it demonstrates a genuine dichotomy of activity for follicle cells within skin. [source]

The effect of various concentrations of human recombinant epidermal growth factor on split-thickness skin wounds

INTERNATIONAL WOUND JOURNAL, Issue 2 2006
Article first published online: 19 JUN 200
Effet de concentrations variées de facteur de croissance épidermique recombinant sur les plaies cutanées d'épaisseur partielle Le facteur de croissance épidermique (EGF) est un stimulant puissant de l'épithélialisation. Cependant, l'application topique d'EGF pour aider à la réépithélialisation des plaies d'épaisseur partielle reste sujette à controversies. Un total de 10 porcs, chacun soumis à une plaie dd'épaisseur partielle de 4 cm/4 cm ont été traités 2 fois par jour pendant 10 jours pour étudier les effets de l'EGF humain recombinant avec des concentrations de 0,1, 1, 5, 10, 20 ,g/g, l'excipient seul et deux groupes contrôles. Les plaies des groupes contrôles et de l'excipient seul ont obtenu un temps de cicatrisation à 100%(HT100) de 9·31 ± 1·34 et 8·5 ± 1·12 alors que les plaies traitées par la crème à l'EGF en concentration à 0·1 ,g/g (HT100 6·40·71), 1 ,g/g (HT100 5·2 ± 0·63), 5 ,g/g (HT100 5·8 ± 0·85), 10 ug/g (HT100: 7·1 ± 1·45), et 25 ug/g (HT100: 7·4 ± 0·57) ont démontré des reductions de temps d'épithélialisation significatives. Parmi les plaies traitées par EGF, les plaies traitées avec des concentrations de 1 et 5 ,g/g obtenaient les épithélialisations les plus rapides et démontraient une augmentation substantielle d'activité des kératinocytes de la couche basale observée par activié Ki-67. En conclusion, Cette etude démontre l'efficacité du facteur de croissance épidermique humain recombinant dans la réépithélialisation des plaies cutanées d'épaisseur partielle, l'effet étant maximum avec des concentrations en EGF de 1 et 5 ,g/g. Einfluß unterschiedlicher humaner rekombinanter epidermaler Wachstumsfaktoren auf intradermale Wunden Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) ist ein potentes Stimulans für die Epithelialisierung. Es wird jedoch kontrovers diskutiert, ob die topische Applikation von EGF in interadermalen Wunden eine beschleunigte Wundheilung erzielt. 10 Schweine, die jeweils eine 4 × 4 cm intradermale Wunde erhielten, wurden zweimal täglich mit hr-EGF in den Konzentrationen 0,1, 1, 5, 10 und 25 ug über einen Zeitraum von 10 Tagen behandelt. Eine Wunde wurde lediglich mit dem Vehikel, eine weitere als Kontrollwunde behandelt. Diese beiden Wunden erreichten eine 10% Heilung (HT100) nach 9·31 ± 1·34 and 8·5 ± 1·12 Tagen. Dagegen zeigten die Wunden, die mit 0,1 ug HT100: 6·4 ± 0·71), 1 ug/g (HT100: 5·2 ± 0·63), 5 ug/g (HT100: 5·8 ± 0·85), 10 ug/g (HT100: 7·1 ± 1·45), and 25 ug/g (HT100: 7·4 ± 0·57) eine signifikant verkürzte Heilungsdauer. Innerhalb dieser unteschiedlichen Konzentrationen erwiesen sich die Konzentrationen 1 und 5 ug/g als am effektivsten, was durch die Ki-67 Aktivität gezeigt wurde. Zusammenfassend konnte gezeigt werden, dass der hr-EGF eine effektive Substanz für die Heilung von kutanen Wunden ist mit der höchsten Effektivität bei 1 und 5 ug/g. L'effetto di varie concentrazioni di fattore di crescita umano epidermico ricombinante su ulcere cutanee a spessore parziale Il fattore di crescita epidermico (EGF)è un potente stimolatore della riepitelizzazione. Tuttavia l'applicazione topica di EGF per ottenere una migliore riepitelizzazione in lesioni a spessore parziale è molto controversa. Sono stati trattati un totale di 10 maiali, ognuno con lesioni a spessore parziale di 4 × 4 cm, due volte al giorno per 10 giorni per osservare l'effetto del fattore umano ricombinante EGF in concentrazioni di 0·1, 1, 5, 10, 25 ug/g, del solo veicolo, in due controlli. Le ulcere controllo ed il veicolo hanno mostrato ciascuna un 100% di tempo di guarigione (HT100) di 9·31 ± 1·34 e 8·5 ± 1·12 mentre le lesioni trattate con EGF in unguento a concentrazione di 0·1 ug/g (HT100: 6·4 ± 0·71), 1 ug/g (HT100: 5·2 ± 0·63), 5 ug/g (HT100: 5·8 ± 0·85). 10 ug/g (HT100: 7·1 ± 1·45), e 25 ug/g (HT100: 7·4 ± 0·57) hanno mostrato una significativa riduzione del tempo di guarigione. Tra le lesioni trattate con EGF, le lesioni trattate con concentrazioni di EGF di 1 e 5 ug/g hanno ottenuto la più veloce riepitelizzazione con evidenza di un sostanziale incremento nella attività dei cheratinociti basali osservata attraverso l'attività del Ki-67. In conclusione, questo report dimostra l'efficacia del fattore di crescita umano ricombinante epidermico nel favorire la riepitelizzazione di lesioni a spessore parziale con la migliore applicazione di EGF alle concentrazioni di 1 e 5 ug/g. Efecto de diversas concentraciones del factor de crecimiento epidérmico recombinante humano sobre heridas cutáneas de espesor parcial El factor de crecimiento epidérmico (FCE) es un potente estimulante de la epitelización. No obstante, subsiste un debate sobre la aplicación tópica del FCE para facilitar la reepitelización en heridas de espesor parcial. Se trató a un total de diez cerdos, cada uno con ocho heridas de espesor parcial de 4 × 4 cm, dos veces al día durante 10 días para observar el efecto del FCE recombinante humano a concentraciones de 0,1, 1, 5, 10, 25 ,g/g, el vehículo solo y dos controles. Las heridas de control y las tratadas exclusivamente con el vehículo presentaron un tiempo de curación del 100%(TC100) de 9,31 ± 1,34 y 8,5 ± 1,12, mientras que las heridas tratadas con la pomada de FCE a concentraciones de 0,1 ,g/g (TC100: 6,4 ± 0,71), 1 ,g/g (TC100: 5,2 ± 0,63), 5 ,g/g (TC100: 5,8 ± 0,85), 10 ,g/g (TC100: 7,1 ± 1,45) y 25 ,g/g (TC100: 7,4 ± 0,57) mostraron una reducción significativa del tiempo necesario para conseguir la reepitelización. De las heridas tratadas con FCE, en las que recibieron las concentraciones de 1 y 5 ,g/g se logró una reepitelización más rápida con, signos de incremento considerable de la actividad basal de los queratinocitos observada por medio de la actividad Ki-67. En conclusión, este trabajo demuestra la eficacia del factor de crecimiento epidérmico recombinante humano en facilitar la reepitelización de heridas de espesor parcial, y que la curación más eficiente se obtiene con concentraciones de FCE de 1 y 5 ,g/g. Effekten av varierande koncentrationer av human rekombinant epidermal tillväxtfaktor på delhudssår Epidermala tillväxtfaktorn (EGF)är en potent stimulant av epitelialisering. Topisk applicering av EGF för att befrämja re-epitelialisering av delhudssår har emellertid varit kontroversiellt. Totalt 10 grisar, alla med åtta 4 × 4 cm delhudssår, behandlades två gånger dagligen under 10 dagar för att observera effekten av "human recombinant EGF" i koncentrationer av 0·1, 1, 5, 10, 25 ug/g, vehikel enbart, och två kontroller. Vart och ett av kontroll och vehikel enbart såren uppvisade 100% läkningstid (HT100) på 9·31 ± 1·34 och 8·5 ± 1·12, medan de sår som behandlades med EGF salva med en koncentration av 0·1 ug/g (HT100: 6·4 ± 0·71), 1 ug/g (HT100: 5·2 ± 0·63), 5 ug/g (HT100: 5·8 ± 0·85), 10 ug/g (HT100: 7·1 ± 1·45), och 25 ug/g (HT100: 7·4 ± 0·57) uppvisade signifikant reduktion av tiden för att uppnå re-epitelialisering. Bland de EGF behandlade såren, uppnådde de sår som behandlats med EGF med en koncentration av 1 och 5 ug/g snabbast re-epitelialisering med bevis för märkbar ökning av basal keratinocyte aktivitet iakktagen genom Ki-67 aktivitet. Sammanfattningsvis uppvisar denna rapport den gynnsamma effekten av human rekombinant EGF i re-epitelialisering av delhuds sår. Den gynnsammaste läkningseffekten iakktogs med EGF i koncentrationer av 1 och 5 ug/g. [source]

Differential cytokine activity and morphology during wound healing in the neonatal and adult rat skin

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE, Issue 6 2007
W. Wagner
Abstract Wound-healing mechanisms change during transition from prenatal to postnatal stage. Cytokines are known to play a key role in this process. The current study investigated the differential cytokine activity and healing morphology during healing of incisional skin wounds in rats of the ages neonatal (p0), 3 days old (p3) and adult, after six different healing times (2 hrs to 30 days). All seven tested cytokines (Transforming Growth Factor (TGF) ,, TGF,1, ,,2 and ,,3, IGF 1, Platelet Derived Growth Factor A (PDGF A), basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) exhibited higher expression in the adult wounds than at the ages p0 and p3. Expression typically peaked between 12 hrs and 3 days post-wounding, and was not detectable any more at days 10 and 30. The neonate specimen showed more rapid re-epithelialization, far less inflammation and scarring, and larger restitution of original tissue architecture than their adult counterparts, resembling a prenatal healing pattern. The results may encourage the use of neonatal rat skin as a wound-healing model for further studies, instead of the more complicated prenatal animal models. Secondly, the data may recommend inhibition of PDGF A, basic FGF or TGF-,1 as therapeutic targets in efforts to optimize wound healing in the adult organism. [source]

Skin and oral mucosa equivalents: construction and performance

ORTHODONTICS & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2010
J Liu
To cite this article: Liu J, Bian Z, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Von den Hoff JW: Skin and oral mucosa equivalents: construction and performance Orthod Craniofac Res 2010;13:11,20 Abstract Authors,,, Liu J, Bian Z, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM, Von den Hoff JW The skin and the oral mucosa act as a barrier against the external environment. Loss of this barrier function causes dehydration and a high risk of infection. For the treatment of extensive skin wounds such as in severe burns, autologous skin for transplantation is often not available in sufficient amounts. Reconstructions in the oral cavity, as required after tumor resections or cleft palate repair, are often complicated by similar problems. In the last two decades, the field of tissue engineering has provided new solutions to these problems. Techniques have been developed for the culture of epithelial grafts, dermal substitutes, and the combination of these two to a ,functional' skin or mucosa equivalent. The present review focuses on developments in the field of tissue engineering of skin and oral mucosa. The performance of different types of engineered grafts in animal models and clinical studies is discussed. Recent developments such as the use of epithelial stem cells, and gene therapy with transduced skin grafts are also discussed. [source]

Effects of Low Power Laser Irradiation on Intracellular Calcium and Histamine Release in RBL-2H3 Mast Cells

PHOTOCHEMISTRY & PHOTOBIOLOGY, Issue 4 2007
Wen-Zhong Yang
Although laser irradiation has been reported to promote skin wound healing, the mechanism is still unclear. As mast cells are found to accumulate at the site of skin wounds we hypothesized that mast cells might be involved in the biological effects of laser irradiation. In this work the mast cells, RBL-2H3, were used in vitro to investigate the effects of laser irradiation on cellular responses. After laser irradiation, the amount of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) was increased, followed by histamine release, as measured by confocal fluorescence microscopy with Fluo-3/AM staining and a fluorescence spectrometer with o -phthalaldehyde staining, respectively. The histamine release was mediated by the increment of [Ca2+]i from the influx of the extracellular buffer solution through the cation channel protein, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4). The TRPV4 inhibitor, Ruthenium Red (RR) can effectively block such histamine release, indicating that TRPV4 was the key factor responding to laser irradiation. These induced responses of mast cells may provide an explanation for the biological effects of laser irradiation on promoting wound healing, as histamine is known to have multi-functions on accelerating wound healing. [source]

Hypoandrogenism related to early skin wound healing resistance in rats

ANDROLOGIA, Issue 2 2010
A. Petroianu
Summary The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of testosterone depletion on healing of surgical skin wounds at different ages and post-operative periods. Forty-four Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: Group 1Y (n = 11) , young control, sham-operated rats (30-day old); Group 1A (n = 10) , adult control, sham-operated rats (3 to 4-month old); Group 2Y (n = 10) , young rats after bilateral orchiectomy; and Group 2A (n = 11) , adult rats after bilateral orchiectomy. After 6 months, a linear incision was performed on the dorsal region of the animals. The resistance of the wound healing was measured in a skin fragment using a tensiometer, on the 7th and 21st post-operative days. The wound healing resistance was higher in Group 1Y than in Group 2Y after 7 days (P < 0.05). Wound healing resistance at 21 days was higher than at 7 days in all groups (P < 0.05). Late wound healing resistance was not different between young and adult rats. It is concluded that bilateral orchiectomy diminished the wound healing resistance only in young animals at the 7th post-operative day. [source]

Skin wound healing in diabetic ,6 integrin-deficient mice

Mycobacterium abscessus: an emerging rapid-growing potential pathogen,

APMIS, Issue 5 2006
Review article
Mycobacterium abscessus is the most pathogenic and chemotherapy-resistant rapid-growing mycobacterium. It is commonly associated with contaminated traumatic skin wounds and with post-surgical soft tissue infections. It is also one of the mycobacteria that are most often isolated from cystic fibrosis patients. It is essential to differentiate this species from the formerly indistinct "M. chelonae -complex", as chemotherapy is especially difficult in M. abscessussenso strictu. Clarithromycin or azithromycin are the only regular oral antimycobacterial agents with an effect on M. abscessus, and should preferably be supplemented with other drugs since long-term monotherapy may cause resistance. Amikacin is a major parenteral drug against M. abscessus that should also be given in combination with another drug. The recently introduced drug tigecycline may prove to be an important addition to chemotherapy, but has yet to be fully clinically evaluated as an antimycobacterial agent. Surgery can be curative, or at least helpful, in the healing of M. abscessus infection, and if conducted, it should include the removal of all foreign or necrotic material. There is increasing awareness of M. abscessus as an emerging pathogen. [source]

Delivery of a Growth Factor Fusion Protein Having Collagen-Binding Activity to Wound Tissues

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 2 2003
Tetsuya Ishikawa
Abstract: Recently, we established a collagen-binding growth factor consisting of epidermal growth factor and the fibronectin collagen-binding domain (FNCBD-EGF). FNCBD-EGF is a biologically active fusion protein that could stably bind to collagen materials, and exert its growth factor activity even after collagen binding. In this study, we investigated the concept that FNCBD moiety with high collagen affinity may enhance the effective local concentration of EGF at the site of administration in the following tissues: skin wounds, catheter-injured arteries, and hind limb muscles. In an animal model of impaired wound healing, application of FNCBD-EGF in combination with collagen gel induced granulation tissue formation in the wounds due to its sustained retention. In the injured artery, infused FNCBD-EGF remained bound to collagen exposed on the injured tissues even after blood circulation was restored. Injection of the fusion protein into the hind limbs revealed that our delivery system was effective for direct administration to muscular tissue. [source]

An alginate hydrogel matrix for the localised delivery of a fibroblast/keratinocyte co-culture

BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL, Issue 5 2009
Nicola C. Hunt
Abstract There is significant interest in the development of tissue-engineered skin analogues, which replace both the dermal and the epidermal layer, without the use of animal or human derived products such as collagen or de-epidermalised dermis. In this study, we proposed that alginate hydrogel could be used to encapsulate fibroblasts and that keratinocytes could be cultured on the surface to form a bilayered structure, which could be used to deliver the co-culture to a wound bed, initially providing wound closure and eventually expediting the healing process. Encapsulation of fibroblasts in 2 and 5% w/v alginate hydrogel effectively inhibited their proliferation, whilst maintaining cell viability allowing keratinocytes to grow uninhibited by fibroblast overgrowth to produce a stratified epidermal layer. It was shown that the alginate degradation process was not influenced by the presence of fibroblasts within the hydrogel and that lowering the alginate concentration from 5 to 2% w/v increased the rate of degradation. Fibroblasts released from the scaffold were able to secrete extracellular matrix (ECM) and thus should replace the degrading scaffold with normal ECM following application to the wound site. These findings demonstrate that alginate hydrogel may be an effective delivery vehicle and scaffold for the healing of full-thickness skin wounds. [source]