Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Single Equation (single + equation)
Selected AbstractsSteady and dynamic shear rheology of glutinous rice flour dispersionsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 6 2006Byoungseung Yoo Summary The steady and dynamic shear rheological properties of Korean glutinous rice flour dispersions were evaluated at different concentrations (4, 5, 6, 7 and 8%). Glutinous rice flour dispersions at 25 °C showed a shear-thinning behaviour (n = 0.487,0.522) with low magnitudes of Casson yield stresses (,oc = 0.056,0.339 Pa). The magnitudes of ,oc, consistency index (K) and apparent viscosity (,a,100) increased with the increase in concentration. The power law model was found to be more suitable than the exponential model in expressing the relationship between concentration and apparent viscosity. The apparent viscosity over the temperature range of 25,70 °C obeyed the Arrhenius temperature relationship, with high determination coefficients (R2 = 0.982,0.998), indicating that the magnitudes of activation energies (Ea) were in the range of 9.05,11.89 kJ mol,1. A single equation, combining the effects of temperature and concentration on ,a,100, was used to describe the flow behaviour of glutinous rice flour dispersions. Magnitudes of storage (G,) and loss (G,,) moduli increased with the increase in concentration and frequency. Magnitudes of G, were higher than those of G,, over most of the frequency range. [source] RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HOT PEPPER-SOYBEAN PASTEJOURNAL OF TEXTURE STUDIES, Issue 4 2001B. YOO Rheological properties of fermented hot pepper-soybean paste (HPSP) were evaluated at different total solid contents (TS, 43.6-54.7%) and temperatures (10-40C). HPSP samples at 20C are highly shear thinning fluids (n=0.25-0.33) with large magnitudes of Casson yield stresses (106-573 Pa). Consistency index (K) and apparent viscosity (,a,20) increased with increase in TS. Apparent viscosity of HPSP obeyed the Arrhenius temperature relationship. The magnitudes of activation energy (7.6-20.4 kJ/mole) for HPSP increased with increase in TS. A single equation, combining the effects of temperature and concentration on ,a,20, was used to describe flow behavior of HPSP. The time-dependent model of Weltman was found to be most applicable (R2= 0.97-0.99) for HPSP. Storage (G') and loss (G") moduli increased with increase in TS, while complex viscosity (,*) decreased. Magnitudes of G'were higher than those of G" over the entire range of frequencies (,). [source] Classification of renal disease status using estimated glomerular filtration rates in diabetesPRACTICAL DIABETES INTERNATIONAL (INCORPORATING CARDIABETES), Issue 8 2007How do the Cockcroft's & Gault's, the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equations compare? Abstract The need for the incorporation of estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) in diabetes renal risk assessment is increasingly recognised but the choice of equation to use is not clear. We evaluated the differential impact of eGFR, using the Cockcroft's & Gault's (C&G) and the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equations, on the prevalence of various stages of chronic renal disease in our diabetes population. A cross sectional evaluation was conducted amongst 4548 individuals who attended our centre over an 18-month period. SPSS was utilised for statistical analysis. Of 4171 with complete data, the prevalence of individuals with eGFR >90, 90,60, 60,30 and <30ml/min/1.73m2 were 25%, 46%, 27% and 2% respectively using the C&G equation and 9%, 62%, 27% and 2% respectively using the MDRD equation. The two equations were fully concordant in their classification of eGFR rank in 65%; in 20% of the cohort, the equations were discordant but not at an arbitrary eGFR threshold of 60ml/min/1.73m2; while in 15% of the population the two equations were discordant even at the threshold of 60ml/min/1.73m2, the majority of whom had normal values of serum creatinine and urine albumin:creatinine ratio. In conclusion, the prevalence of various stages of chronic renal disease in our diabetes cohort differed depending on the eGFR equation used, potentially impacting on service provision. To aid clarity and uniformity of practice, there is a need for organisations to decide on a single equation of choice before recommending it to routine diabetes care providers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons. [source] Closed-form approximations to the error and complementary error functions and their applications in atmospheric scienceATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS, Issue 3 2007C. Ren Abstract The error function, as well as related functions, occurs in theoretical aspects of many parts of atmospheric science. This note presents a closed-form approximation for the error, complementary error, and scaled complementary error functions, with maximum relative errors within 0.8%. Unlike other approximate solutions, this single equation gives answers within the stated accuracy for real variable x , [0,). The approximation is very useful in solving atmospheric science problems by providing analytical solutions. Examples of the utility of the approximation are: the computation of cirrus cloud physics inside a general circulation model, the cumulative distribution functions of normal and log-normal distributions, and the recurrence period for risk assessment. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society [source] Temporal stability of an NDVI-LAI relationship in a Napa Valley vineyardAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF GRAPE AND WINE RESEARCH, Issue 2 2003LEE F. JOHNSON Abstract Remotely sensed values for normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) were derived periodically from high-resolution Ikonos satellite images during the 2001 growing season, and compared with ground measurements of vineyard leaf area index (LAI) during that same period. These two derived variables were strongly related in six vineyard blocks on each of four occasions (R2= 0.91 to 0.98). Linear regression equations relating these two derived variables did not differ significantly by time-step, and a single equation accounted for 92 per cent of the variance in the combined dataset. Such temporal stability in that relationship opens the possibility of transforming NDVI maps to LAI units, at least on a localised basis, and minimising (or even eliminating) subsequent ground calibration. This reduction in fieldwork would then decrease information cost for viticulturists who wish to monitor LAI sequentially within season, or who wish to track year-to-year changes in climax LAI with a single image collected annually. To take advantage of this cost reduction, temporal consistency in spectral data values comprising NDVI must be assured. This present paper addresses that issue. [source] | ||||||||||