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Single Chip (single + chip)
Selected AbstractsQuantum computing measurement and intelligenceINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2010Zoheir Ezziane Abstract One of the grand challenges in the nanoscopic computing era is guarantees of robustness. Robust computing system design is confronted with quantum physical, probabilistic, and even biological phenomena, and guaranteeing high-reliability is much more difficult than ever before. Scaling devices down to the level of single electron operation will bring forth new challenges due to probabilistic effects and uncertainty in guaranteeing "zero-one" based computing. Minuscule devices imply billions of devices on a single chip, which may help mitigate the challenge of uncertainty by replication and redundancy. However, such device densities will create a design and validation nightmare with the sheer scale. The questions that confront computer engineers regarding the current status of nanocomputing material and the reliability of systems built from such minuscule devices are difficult to articulate and answer. This article illustrates and discusses two types of quantum algorithms as follows: (1) a simple quantum algorithm and (2) a quantum search algorithm. This article also presents a review of recent advances in quantum computing and intelligence and presents major achievements and obstacles for researchers in the near future. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010 [source] Development of an Antibody Hapten-Chip System for Detecting the Residues of Multiple Antibiotic Drugs,JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, Issue 4 2009Ailiang Chen M.Sc. Abstract:, The abuse of antibiotic drugs during animal production remains a worldwide problem and the subsequent detection of the residues of various drugs present at low concentrations in complex biological matrices poses significant analytical challenges. The present study outlines a practical biochip assay system to identify antibiotic residues in different animal tissue extracts. The system uses a simple but efficient multiresidue sample extraction procedure to isolate the antibiotic residues which were then identified directly using high-affinity monoclonal antibodies presented in a competitive immunoassay with conjugated antibiotic hapten-chips. The hapten-chip can analyze six samples each for eight antibiotics on a single chip within 3 h. The analytical results with both artificial positive standard samples and the incurred samples show that the antibody hapten-chip system has a comparable accuracy and a similar sensitivity to a standard ultra performance liquid chromatography,mass spectrometry (MS)/MS assay. In conclusion, an effective analytical screening system based on antibody hapten-chip was developed for detecting multiple antibiotic residues from multiple samples. [source] Fabrication of Photonic/Microfluidic Integrated Devices Using an Epoxy PhotoresistMACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS & ENGINEERING, Issue 6 2010Thomas Kowpak Abstract Using a single layer of SU-8 photoresist to fabricate optical waveguide cores and microfluidic channels on Pyrex glass is an ideal way to achieve photonic/microfluidic integration on a single chip. To address the problem of poor bonding, a thin nanoscale intermediate polymer layer was applied to reduce the stress generated from the material processing while maintaining strong adhesion between the patterning polymer layer and Pyrex. It was found that a 186,600,nm thick intermediate layer of a specialty epoxy photoresist effectively served the purpose without deteriorating the optical performance of the involved waveguides. Quality photonic/microfluidic integrated devices with satisfied optical performance were fabricated. [source] A CMOS opto-electronic single chip using the hybrid scheme for optical receiversMICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 9 2008Jian-Ming Huang Abstract An opto-electronic integrated circuit based on the hybrid scheme for an optical receiver front-end is presented in this article. The proposed integrated circuit adopts the CMOS technology as the vehicle to integrate the InP-based waveguide photodetector into the transimpedance amplifier (TIA) circuit. A regulated cascade structure is used to reduce the input impedance of the TIA. Hence, the proposed integrated circuit can achieve a very high bandwidth provided that the parasitic capacitance of the photodetector is up to 1 pF. The 3-dB bandwidth and the transimpedance gain of the proposed circuit are 1 GHz and 64.5 dB,, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2430,2434, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23693 [source] MMIC PAM applied with pre-distorter having independent operation of nonlinear signalMICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 4 2008Inn-Yeal Oh Abstract A dynamic pre-distorter with two paths to set nonlinear signal level and phase encourages power amplifier module (PAM) for wireless broadband (Wibro) service to enhance linearity. We proposed a linearizer having a new IM generator, which is made up of the InGaP/GaAs HBT operated at saturation region of a common collector circuit. The targeted Wibro PAM is designed using InGaP/GaAs HBT technology, and the pre-distorter, drive and power amplifier are fully integrated in single chip within 960 × 2400 ,m. Even though PAM is designed to have just a 5-dB back-off, PAM is compatible with linearity standards up to maximum output power 21 dBm, and has a 17.5% efficiency by having a low leakage and improving spurious of 6 dB in the 64QAM form based on IEEE802.16e-2005 standards. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 851,855, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23235 [source] | ||||||||||