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Simplex Viruses (simplex + viruse)
Kinds of Simplex Viruses Selected AbstractsTherapy of other viral infections: herpes to hepatitisDERMATOLOGIC THERAPY, Issue 6 2004Arun Chakrabarty ABSTRACT:, Over the past several years, there has been an increase in knowledge pertaining to the diagnosis and management strategies for the herpes family (Types 1,8), the pox viruses, mumps, measles, rubella, and parvovirus B19 as well as the viral etiologies of hepatitis. Various antiviral treatments, such as nucleoside analogs and interferon therapy, have been available to reduce the signs and symptoms of these common viral infections. This article summarizes the preferred treatment strategies to be employed for each of the viruses for reducing severity, duration, recurrences (notably in the herpes family), transmission rates, as well as preventive alternatives. The majority of the therapeutic options attenuate the course of disease. Treatment decisions are driven by knowledge of the natural history and often are tailored to incorporate clinical circumstances for individual patients. Promotion of community awareness and the development of vaccines should be emphasized in the battle against these common viruses, particularly the herpes simplex viruses, the pox viruses, and hepatitis B. [source] Synthesis of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates as antiviral compoundsJOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2000Frank Wormstädt Reaction of 6-chloropyrimidines with diethyl [(2-aminoethoxy)methyl]phosphonate allows for a ready access to acyclic nucleoside phosphonates. A series of 5-substituted pyrimidines bearing a phosphonate side chain at position 6 were synthesized and tested against herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Some compounds showed weak antiviral activity against HSV-1. [source] Detection of cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19 and herpes simplex viruses in cases of intrauterine fetal death: Association with pathological findingsJOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 10 2008Garyfallia Syridou Abstract There are previous indications that transplacental transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV), parvovirus B19 (PB19) and herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2) cause fetal infections, which may lead to fetal death. In a prospective case,control study we examined the incidence of these viruses in intrauterine fetal death and their association with fetal and placenta pathological findings. Molecular assays were performed on placenta tissue extracts of 62 fetal deaths and 35 controls for the detection of CMV, PB19 and HSV-1/2 genomes. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver, spleen and placenta tissues of fetal death cases were evaluated histologically. Thirty-four percent of placental specimens taken from intrauterine fetal deaths were positive for any of the three viruses (16%, 13%, and 5% positive for CMV, PB19, and HSV-1/2, respectively), whereas only 6% of those taken from full term newborns were positive (P,=,0.0017). No dual infection was observed. This difference was also observed when fetal deaths with a gestational age <20 weeks or a gestational age >20 weeks were compared with the controls (P,=,0.025 and P,=,0.0012, respectively). Intrauterine death and the control groups differed in the detection rate of CMV DNA (16% and 3%, respectively; P,=,0.047), which was more pronounced in a gestational age >20 weeks (P,=,0.03). Examination of the pathological findings among the PCR-positive and PCR-negative fetal deaths revealed that hydrops fetalis and chronic villitis were more common among the former group (P,=,0.0003 and P,=,0.0005, respectively). In conclusion, an association was detected between viral infection and fetal death, which was more pronounced in the advanced gestational age. Fetal hydrops and chronic villitis were evidently associated with viral DNA detection in cases of intrauterine death. J. Med. Virol. 80:1776,1782, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Stereoselective Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of (1E,2Z,3E)-1-(Piperidin-1-yl)-1-(arylhydrazono)-2-[(benzoyl/benzothiazol- 2-oyl)hydrazono]-4-(aryl1)but-3-enesARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, Issue 3 2010Hatem A. Abdel-Aziza Abstract The reaction of benzoyl hydrazine 1a or benzothiazole-2-carbohydrazide 1b with 2-oxo- N -arylpropanehydrazonoyl chlorides 2a,d yielded (1Z,2E)-2-[(benzoyl/benzothiazol-2-oyl)hydrazono]- N -(aryl)propanehydrazonoyl chlorides 3a,e. The reaction of 3a,c with sodium benzenesulphinate furnished sulphones 5a,c while the reaction of 5d, e with hydroxyl amine afforded hydroxomoyl derivatives 6a, b. The one-pot sterioselective reaction of N -(aryl)propanehydrazonoyl chlorides 3 with certain aromatic aldehydes in the presence of piperidine resulted in the formation of (1E,2Z,3E)-1-(piperidin-1-yl)-1-(arylhydrazono)-2-[(benzoyl/benzothiazol-2-oyl)hydrazono]-4-(aryl1)-but-3-enes 7a,g. X-ray analysis of piperidinyl amidrazone 7g showed a conversion of its geometrical structure with respect to that of compound 3 and confirmed the stereoselectivity of the latter reaction. The piperidinyl amidrazones 7a,g possessed a significant antiviral activity against herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1). Compound 7d reduced the number of viral plaques of herpes simplex type-1 (HSV-1) by 67%, with respect to the effect of reference drug Aphidicolin. [source] Herpes folliculitis: clinical, histopathological, and molecular pathologic observationsBRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2006A. Böer Summary Background, Herpes folliculitis is a rare manifestation of herpes virus infection and it is often misdiagnosed. Diagnostic criteria are not well established, only 24 patients being reported in the literature. Recently it has been suggested that herpetic folliculitis is more common in infections with varicella zoster (VZV) than in those with herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and -2). Objectives, To refine diagnostic criteria for folliculitis caused by VZV, HSV-1 and HSV-2, and to study whether follicular involvement enables morphological differentiation between VZV and HSV infections. Patients and methods, Twenty-one patients with herpetic infection of follicular epithelium were assessed clinically and histopathologically. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies for specific DNA of herpes viruses were performed on paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens. Results, In 17 of our cases PCR was positive for VZV, four were positive for HSV-1, none for HSV-2. The clinical presentation of herpes folliculitis often lacked vesicles or pustules (14/21). Histopathological features were often devoid of ballooning (12/21), multinucleated giant cells (12/21) and keratinocytes with steel grey nuclei (15/21). The most consistent findings were lymphocytic folliculitis and perifolliculitis (20/21) and necrotic keratinocytes in follicular epithelium (12/21). In zoster, but not in varicella eruption or HSV infections, follicular involvement was unaccompanied by marked changes in the epidermal surface. Conclusions, In biopsy specimens taken from herpes virus infections, involvement of follicular units is more commonly encountered in VZV infections compared with HSV infections. Early in the course, herpes folliculitis presents as lymphocytic folliculitis devoid of epithelial changes considered to be diagnostic of herpes virus infections. Exclusive involvement of follicles is rather typical of zoster. [source] | |||||||||||||