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Selected AbstractsSand in the machinery?EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL RESEARCH, Issue 6 2005Comparing bureaucrats', politicians' attitudes toward public sector reform This article addresses the general notion that bureaucrats may oppose the introduction of reforms in the public sector, and that their views concerning reform will differ from that of politicians. Such a situation may create a sense of conflict between the two spheres, but different views on public sector reform can also follow other conflict dimensions. Two such dimensions are outlined: the one between political parties, and the one between a political-administrative elite and a group of more peripheral politicians and administrators. The hypotheses set forward are tested by comparing local authority politicians' and administrative leaders' views on public sector reform. The data does not support the notion of general conflict between politicians and administrators, or that of conflict of interest between an elite and a more peripheral group. In general, politicians and administrators have rather similar views, but there is a wide difference between political parties. The administration places itself somewhat in the middle between political extremes, being moderately positive towards most reforms. [source] Taking the edge off of disagreement: linguistic abstractness and self-presentation to a heterogeneous audienceEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2002Monica Rubini The use of linguistic abstraction in self-presentation was examined. Participants, whose goal it was to be liked by recipients, presented their political views to an audience of two people. Participants learned beforehand that the two recipients had the same political views as the participant, that both had different political views from the participant, or that one had similar views to and one had dissimilar views from the participant. Theorising that variations in the degree of linguistic abstractness used by participants when describing their political views were related to their social goals, it was hypothesised that participants would describe their political views at a higher level of linguistic abstractness when communicating with a similar agreeing audience than when communicating with a mixed audience. Results confirmed this hypothesis. The role of linguistic abstractness in achieving self-presentational goals is discussed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Perception is reality: Parisian and Provençal perceptions of regional varieties of French1JOURNAL OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS, Issue 1 2005Lawrence Kuiper Though spoken French has tended toward standardization and homogenization, stereotypes of regional language are maintained, and thrive. The present study explores speakers' perceptions of regional varieties, and relates those perceptions to linguistic security and prescriptivism in two regions: Ile de France (Paris) and Provence. Respondents from these two regions rated regional French varieties for correctness, pleasantness and difference from their own speech. The quantitative data, which is supported by interviews and a perceptual mapping task, reveals that speakers from these two regions have strikingly similar views about the region where French is most correct (Paris) and where it is most pleasant (Provence). Qualitative data from interviews and perceptual mapping show that respondent perceptions about normative language have little basis in empirical reality (i.e. language performance), but still may have a strong effect on speaker self-image. [source] ABDOMINAL COMPARTMENT SYNDROME AFTER RUPTURED ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 8 2008John Y. S. Choi Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (ACS) is an increasingly recognized syndrome of intra-abdominal hypertension and generalized physiological dysfunction in critically ill patients. Patients suffering a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) are at risk of developing ACS. The objective of the study was to compare the current views on the importance, prevalence and management of ACS after rAAA among Australian vascular surgeons and intensivists. A questionnaire was mailed to 116 registered vascular fellows from the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons and 314 registered fellows of the Joint Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine. Data were collected on the prevalence and importance of ACS after rAAA and whether prophylactic measures were or should be taken to prevent ACS. Hypothetical clinical scenarios representing a range of ACS after rAAA were also presented. The responses were compared using ,2 -test and t -test. Sixty-seven per cent (78 of 116) of surgeons and 39% (122 of 314) of intensivists responded. Both groups estimated the prevalence of ACS after rAAA as between 10 and 30% and considered it an important entity. Only 30% of surgeons and 50% of intensivists suggested routine intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) monitoring. In patients with borderline IAP (18 mmHg), both groups believed that surgical intervention was unnecessary. Intensivists were more inclined to suggest surgical intervention for clinically deteriorating patients with an increased IAP (30 mmHg) compared with surgeons. Forty-three per cent of intensivists and 17% of surgeons suggested prophylactic (leaving the abdomen open) measures to prevent ACS in high-risk patients. Surgeons and intensivists have similar views on the prevalence and clinical importance of ACS after rAAA. Intensivists more frequently monitored IAP and suggested both early prophylactic and therapeutic intervention for ACS based on physiological and IAP findings. [source] Parents' views of their child's health and family function in paediatric inflammatory bowel diseaseACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 4 2010H Lindfred Abstract Aim:, The aim of this study was to explore parents' views and agreement of their child's current and future health, as well as the family's functioning in daily life with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods:, In this study, 119 parents (65 mothers and 54 fathers) of 66 adolescents (11,16 years) with IBD completed a questionnaire regarding their views of their child's IBD and health-related behaviour. Results:, The majority of the parents held a positive view of their child's current health status. However, the parents voiced a range of worries about their children's future health and life situation such as fear about the side effects of medication, concerns for future schooling, social life and employment options. Within the families, the parental pairs had more similar views about their child's current health status than about their future health. Factors that affected the parents' views consisted of cohabitation status, i.e. parents not living together, and severe disease course, both correlated with a more negative view of the child's current health and family functioning. Conclusion:, The majority of the parents in this study had a largely positive view of their child's current health status, but they expressed concerns about their child's future health. Knowledge about parents' thoughts may be of importance for healthcare teams supporting families with IBD. [source] | |||||||||||||