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Significant Support (significant + support)
Selected AbstractsPerceived need for emergency medicine training in Pakistan: A survey of medical education leadershipEMERGENCY MEDICINE AUSTRALASIA, Issue 2 2009Junaid A Razzak Abstract Objective: To assess the perception of leaders of the academic medical institutions regarding the need for specialty training in emergency medicine. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in all medical colleges of Pakistan in September 2005. Our sample included all academic leaders of recognized medical colleges in Pakistan. A questionnaire was designed and sent (mailed and faxed) to vice chancellors, deans, principals or medical directors of the institutions. Reminders were sent through faxes and emails wherever available, followed by phone calls if responses were not available after several attempts. Results: At the time of study, there were 39 medical colleges recognized by Pakistan Medical and Dental Council. Of these, responses were received from 26 teaching institutions in the country. A majority of the respondents (85%) were not satisfied with the care provided in the ED of their primary teaching hospital, and three-fourth (74%) thought that doctors specialized in other disciplines, like internal medicine and family medicine, cannot adequately manage all emergencies. When asked if Pakistan should have a separate residency training programme in emergency medicine, 96% responded in affirmative, and many (85%) thought that they will start a residency programme in emergency medicine if it was approved as a separate specialty. Conclusion: This survey shows significant support for a separate local training programme for emergency medicine in the country. [source] UNEXPLAINED SPLIT SEX RATIOS IN THE NEOTROPICAL PLANT-ANT, ALLOMERUS OCTOARTICULATUS VAR. DEMERARAE (MYRMICINAE): A TEST OF HYPOTHESESEVOLUTION, Issue 1 2010Gabriel D. G. Debout We investigated sex allocation in the Neotropical ant Allomerus octoarticulatus var. demerarae. Because Allomerus is a plant symbiont, we could make geographically extensive collections of complete colonies and of foundresses in saplings, allowing us to estimate not only population- and colony-level sex allocation but also colony resource levels and the relatednesses of competing ant foundresses. This species exhibits a strongly split sex ratio, with 80% of mature colonies producing ,90% of one sex or the other. Our genetic analyses (DNA microsatellites) reveal that Allomerus has a breeding system characterized by almost complete monogyny and a low frequency of polyandry. Contrary to theoretical explanations, we find no difference in worker relatedness asymmetries between female- and male-specialist colonies. Furthermore, no clear link was found between colony sex allocation and life history traits such as the number of mates per queen, or colony size, resource level, or fecundity. We also failed to find significant support for male production by workers, infection by Wolbachia, local resource competition, or local mate competition. We are left with the possibility that Allomerus exhibits split sex ratios because of the evolution of alternative biasing strategies in queens or workers, as recently proposed in the literature. [source] A Bargaining Theory of Minority Demands: Explaining the Dog that Did not Bite in 1990s YugoslaviaINTERNATIONAL STUDIES QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2004Erin Jenne This article develops a general theory of bargaining between a minority, its host state, and outside lobby actor to explain why minorities shift their demands from affirmative action to cultural autonomy to secessionism and back, often in the absence of clear economic or security incentives. This paper uses a simple game tree model to show that if a minority believes that it enjoys significant support from a powerful national homeland or other external actor, it radicalized its demands against the host state, even if the center has credibly committed to protect minority rights. Conversely, if a minority believes that it enjoys no external support, then it will accommodate the host state, even in the presence of significant majority repression. As a general theory of claim-making, this model challenges structural theories of demands that rely on static economic differences or historical grievances to explain claim-making. It also challenges security dilemma arguments that hold that minority radicalization is mainly a function of ethnic fears. The model's hypotheses are tested using longitudinal analysis of Hungarians in Vojvodina during the 1990s, as the Yugoslav dog that "barked but did not bite." Careful examination of claim-making in this case demonstrates the superior explanatory power of the ethnic bargaining model as compared with dominant theories of minority mobilization in the literature. [source] Winning a new priority for disabled children: the Every Disabled Child Matters campaignJOURNAL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS, Issue 3 2009Steve Broach Over the past 4 years, the Every Disabled Child Matters campaign has secured almost £780 million in new funding for disabled children's services and has laid the foundation for addressing structural disadvantages for disabled children. Critical success factors for the campaign have included clear aims, a tight core strategy group, a leading political champion, widespread parliamentary support and effective mobilisation of disabled children and their families as campaigners. The campaign caught policymakers' attention at the right point to leverage significant support for a previously marginalised social group. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Resources, capabilities, and the performance of industrial firms: A multivariate analysisMANAGERIAL AND DECISION ECONOMICS, Issue 6-7 2004Abraham Carmeli This study uses multivariate analysis to assess the basic question asked by resource-based view researchers: Do organizational resources and capabilities account for variations in firm performance? An analysis of survey responses of 93 industrial enterprises in Israel indicates that superiority of an industrial enterprise, in terms of four performance measures (return on sales, return on equity, market share change, and customer satisfaction), can be explained by a set of four core organizational resources and capabilities (managerial skills, organizational culture, organizational communication, and perceived organizational reputation). The results lend significant support to the premise of the resource-based view of strategic management. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Remitting the gift: Zambian mobility and anthropological insights for migration studiesPOPULATION, SPACE AND PLACE (PREVIOUSLY:-INT JOURNAL OF POPULATION GEOGRAPHY), Issue 1 2005Lisa Cliggett Abstract This article brings together anthropological theories of gift exchange and ethnographic data on migrant gifting (,remitting') in order to understand the core of investing in social relations through remitting practices. Migration literature from throughout the developing world documents important patterns of remitting that furthers our understanding of how migrants' earnings help rural investment. In contrast to the majority of migration literature, scholars working in different regions of Zambia have documented migration patterns and remittance practices that do not echo the documented findings from other regions of the developing world. In Zambian migration, remittances consist more of food, ,town goods' or cash, rather than the larger sums of money or durable goods that other migration studies describe. The Zambian literature also documents cases of non-remitting. Rather than provide significant support to relatives in sending communities, Zambian migrants invest in social networks over time through ,gift-remitting'. These ,gift-remittances' facilitate options to return to home communities, or to maintain mutually beneficial social ties for both migrants and relatives in home villages. These findings compel policies directed towards enhancing migrants' remitting power to consider the core social foundation of their ties to home, and how investing in social relations can be incorporated into policy development. The article draws on fieldwork with the Gwembe Tonga people of Zambia's Southern Province since 1994, and recent ethnographic literature from Zambia. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Parish Nursing: Nurturing Body, Mind, Spirit, and CommunityPUBLIC HEALTH NURSING, Issue 2 2003Ingrid Brudenell R.N., Ph.D. Abstract Parish nursing is a model of nursing care that focuses on health promotion and disease prevention within a faith community. A descriptive study was conducted in the intermountain West to determine how faith communities form parish nursing programs and what their effect is. Thirteen congregations representing eight denominations with parish nurse/health ministries participated. Parish nurses, parish nurse coordinators from two medical centers, pastors, and hospital chaplains (n = 24) were interviewed and provided documents from their programs. Over time, congregations formed parish nursing/health ministries using strategies in a developmental process. The process involved significant support from the pastor, congregation members, and the parish nurses. Collaboration between faith communities and health organizations were successful using a limited domain approach to attain specific health goals. Parish nursing is making a contribution to integrating faith and health practices, promoting health, and increasing accessibility to health care and congregational activities. Conclusions and recommendations are included for future research, practice, and education. [source] Phylogeny and biogeographical history of Trogoniformes, a pantropical bird orderBIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Issue 4 2005ROBERT G. MOYLE With highly conserved morphology throughout the family, a tropical distribution, and no close living relatives, the trogons (Aves: Trogonidae) pose a difficult problem for systematists. Disjunct tropical distributions are often attributed to Gondwanan vicariance, but the fossil record for trogons is mostly from the Tertiary of Europe. This study examined support for the basal relationships among trogons using a combination of nuclear (RAG-1) and mitochondrial (ND2) DNA sequence data. Although some nodes could not be resolved with significant support, there is strong support for the basal position of three New World genera (Pharomachrus, Euptilotis, and Priotelus). This phylogenetic hypothesis differs markedly from previous studies of trogon relationships and taxonomic treatments. Biogeographically, it implies an origin and early vicariance events for the crown clade in the New World. Molecular divergence estimates place all of the basal nodes of the trogon phylogeny in the Oligocene, precluding a Gondwanan origin for modern trogons. © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 84, 725,738. [source] Verification that common variation at 2q37.1, 6p25.3, 11q24.1, 15q23, and 19q13.32 influences chronic lymphocytic leukaemia riskBRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2010Dalemari Crowther-Swanepoel Summary A recent genome wide association study of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) provided evidence that common variation at 2q13 (rs17483466), 2q37.1 (rs13397985), 6p25.3 (rs872071), 11q24.1 (rs735665), 15q23 (rs7176508) and 19q13.32 (rs11083846) affects CLL risk. To verify and further explore the relationship between these variants and CLL risk we genotyped case-control datasets from Spain and Sweden (824 cases, 850 controls). Combined data provided statistically significant support for an association between genotypes at rs13397985, rs872071, rs735665, rs7176508 and rs11083846 and CLL risk. CLL risk increased with increasing numbers of risk alleles (Ptrend = 1·40 × 10,15), consistent with a polygenic model of disease susceptibility. These data validate the relationship between common variation and risk of CLL. [source] The UK supermarket industry: an analysis of corporate social and financial performanceBUSINESS ETHICS: A EUROPEAN REVIEW, Issue 1 2002Geoff Moore In a previous paper (Moore, 2001), the headline findings from a study of social and financial performance over three years of eight firms in the UK supermarket industry were reported. These were based on the derivation of a 16-measure social performance index and a 4-measure financial performance index. This paper discusses the formulationof the indices and then reports on: discussions with two supermarket firms concerning the overall results; inter-relationships between individual financial performance measures; inter-relationships between individual social performance measures; stakeholder group analysis; and inter-relationships between turnover, age and gearing with social performance measures. The paper discusses these inter-relationships, incorporating comments from the interviews with the two supermarket firms, and reports on both factor and cluster analysis. The interviews lend support for Preston and O'Bannon's (1997) Available Funding Hypothesis in both its positive and negative form. The findings show that there are individual or combinations of related measures that could be used as surrogate measures for social and financial performance, instead of deriving a full index. However, the recommendation is that a full index continues to be used until there is further corroboration of these results. The findings also provide statistically significant support for the Negative Synergy Hypothesis (Preston and O'Bannon, 1997), show a statistically significant association between pre-tax profits (both lagged and contemporaneous) with community contributions, and show that all statistically significant associations between individual social performance measures are positive , suggesting that they are mutually reinforcing. The association of size with social performance, noted in the previous paper, is also reinforced. Findings in relation to the proportion of women managers and the number of women on the Board and positive associations with other social and environmental performance measures raise interesting gender issues for business ethics. Factor analysis leads to no clear conclusions but cluster does show two or three clear clusters of firms, where size would seem to be the main but not sole factor. Further areas of research are noted. [source] Telephone support for parenting: an evaluation of Parentline PlusCHILDREN & SOCIETY, Issue 4 2005Janet Boddy Recent Government policy has advocated universal support services for parents, including a national telephone helpline (for example, Department for Education and Skills, 2003). The Home Office funded just such a helpline,Parentline Plus,as part of the Supporting Families initiative. The efficiency and effectiveness of this service in supporting parents were evaluated through secondary analysis of call data, assessment of taped calls, and interviews with callers. The helpline offers anonymous non-stigmatising support to a growing number of callers, and most callers interviewed valued highly the service they received. Many had significant support needs that were not met by other forms of service provision. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||