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Significant Protective Effects (significant + protective_effects)
Selected AbstractsPolyhydroxylated fullerene derivative C60(OH)24 prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage in an MPP+ -induced cellular model of Parkinson's diseaseJOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH, Issue 16 2008Xiaoqing Cai Abstract To find effective agents for Parkinson's disease (PD) prevention and therapy, we examined the protective effects of the polyhydroxylated fullerene derivative C60(OH)24 in a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced acute cellular PD model in human neuroblastoma cells and the free radical scavenging effects in this model with an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. Pretreatment with C60(OH)24 at concentrations greater than 20 ,M showed significant protective effects on MPP+ -induced loss in cell viability, decreases in mitochondrial function (including mitochondrial membrane potential and activities of complex I and II), and increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage to DNA and proteins. In addition, C60(OH)24 acts as a phase 2 enzyme inducer to protect cells from MPP+ -induced decreases in expression of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2, expression and activity of ,-glutamyl cysteine ligase and level of glutathione. The ESR study showed that C60(OH)24 is a powerful radical scavenger for superoxide, hydroxyl, and lipid radicals. These data suggest that C60(OH)24 is a mitochondrial protective antioxidant with direct radical scavenging activity and indirect antioxidant inducing activity. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Neuroprotective effects of 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid on hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cellsPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 3 2005Sung-Soo Kim Abstract Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathological processes of a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. The neuroprotective effects of 3,5-diCQA and 3,4-diCQA, two caffeoylquinic acid derivatives present in Dipsacus asper, on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced neuronal cell damage were evaluated in this study. SH-SY5Y cells treated with H2O2 exhibited a decrease in survival and intracellular glutathione and also an increase in the caspase-3 activity. However, pretreatment of cells with 3,5-diCQA attenuated the neuronal death and caspase-3 activation induced by H2O2. In addition, 3,5-diCQA restored H2O2 -induced depletion of intracellular glutathione. 3,5-diCQA showed significant protective effects although it could not completely suppress H2O2 -induced cell injury to control levels. The data suggest that 3,5-diCQA might be a potential therapeutic agent for treating or preventing neurodegenerative diseases implicated with oxidative stress. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Chronic disease risk in central New York dairy farmers: Results from a large health survey 1989,1999AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 1 2005Paul L. Jenkins PhD Abstract Background The agricultural workplace presents a variety of health and safety hazards; it is unknown whether farm work may be a risk factor for certain chronic diseases. Methods The health survey data from a large rural population in central New York were used from two studies (1989, 1999) to assess both 1999 prevalence and 10-year incidence of self-reported diabetes, heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension among farm (predominantly dairy) and non-farm residents. The 1999 asthma prevalence was also assessed. Results Multiple logistic regression models for 1999 prevalence found statistically significant protective effects of farming for hypertension (OR,=,0.83, P,=,0.0105) and hypercholesterolemia (OR,=,0.853, P,=,0.0522). Non-significant results were seen for heart disease (OR,=,0.67, P,=,0.128) and diabetes (OR,=,0.856, P,=,0.1358). The model for 1999 asthma prevalence showed a significantly elevated risk for farming (OR,=,1.542, P,=,0.0004). Logistic models created for the 10-year incidence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and heart disease did not show a significant effect for farming. Conclusions The protective effect of farming observed for the 1999 prevalence of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia was not seen for the 10-year incidence of these diseases. Am. J. Ind. Med. 47:20,26, 2005. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND SCINTIGRAPHIC COMPARISONS OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF l -CARNITINE AND AMIFOSTINE AGAINST RADIATION-INDUCED LATE RENAL TOXICITY IN RATSCLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 5-6 2009Murat Caloglu SUMMARY 1The aim of the present study was to compare the protective effects of l -carnitine and amifostine against radiation-induced late nephrotoxicity using technetium-99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid scintigraphy and histopathological examination. 2Seventy-one Albino rats were randomly divided into six groups as follows: (i) AMI + RAD (n = 15), 200 mg/kg, i.p., amifostine 30 min prior to irradiation (a single dose of 9 Gy); (ii) LC + RAD (n = 15), 300 mg/kg, i.p., l -carnitine 30 min prior to irradiation; (iii) LC (n = 10), 300 mg/kg, i.p., l -carnitine 30 min prior to sham irradiation; (iv) AMI (n = 10), 200 mg/kg, i.p., amifostine 30 min prior to sham irradiation; RAD (n = 11), 1 mL/kg, i.p., normal saline 30 min prior to irradiation; and (vi) control (n = 10), 1 mL/kg, i.p., normal saline 30 min prior to sham irradiation. Scintigraphy was performed before treatment and again 6 months after treatment. Kidneys were examined by light microscopy and a histopathological scoring system was used to assess the degree of renal damage. 3The main histopathological findings were proximal tubular damage and interstitial fibrosis. Glomerular injury was similar in all groups. Tubular degeneration and atrophy were less common in the AMI + RAD group than in the RAD group (P = 0.011 and P = 0.015, respectively), as well as in the LC + RAD group compared with the RAD group (P = 0.028 and P = 0.036, respectively). Interstitial fibrosis in the AMI + RAD and LC + RAD groups was significantly less than that in the RAD group (P = 0.015 and P = 0.015, respectively). The highest total renal injury score (9) was seen in the RAD group. On scintigraphy, there were significant differences in post-treatment time to peak count (Tmax) and time from peak count to half count (T½) values (P = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively) between groups in the right kidney. In the control and RAD groups, the T½ of the right kidney was 8 ± 2 and 21 ± 2 min, respectively. The Tmax values for the AMI + RAD and LC + RAD groups (2.8 ± 0.2 and 3.2 ± 0.2 min, respectively) were similar to those in the control group (2.5 ± 0.3 min). 4Based on the results of the present study, l -carnitine and amifostine have comparable and significant protective effects against radiation-induced late nephrotoxicity. [source] | ||||||||||