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Significant Milestones (significant + milestone)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

Review of Fractional Photothermolysis: Treatment Indications and Efficacy

DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 10 2009
EMILY P. TIERNEY MD
BACKGROUND Fractional photothermolysis (FP) is one of the most significant milestones in laser technology and resurfacing. METHODS Review of the Medline English literature and recent international conferences regarding FP technology, applications, and indications. RESULTS Successful conditions treated with nonablative FP reported in the literature include acne scarring; dyschromia and fine wrinkling of photoaging on the face, chest, neck, and hands; melasma; poikiloderma of Civatte; nevus of Ota; scars; minocycline hyperpigmentation; telangiectatic matting; residual hemangioma; granuloma annulare; colloid milium; and disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis. An advance in 2007 was the introduction of ablative FP (AFP), which results in significantly greater improvement in skin laxity and textural abnormalities. Most recently, AFP has demonstrated significantly greater improvement than nonablative FP in reducing acne scarring and skin redundancy and laxity associated with photoaging. CONCLUSIONS Through the induction of microthermal zones of injury, FP technology stimulates a robust and rapid wound healing response resulting in improvement in a diversity of aesthetic, inflammatory, and preneoplastic skin disorders. Further investigation into the technology and diverse array of cutaneous conditions that can benefit from FP is highly needed. [source]

ESCI award lecture: from a little mouse to rationale medicine for bone loss

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 10 2009
A. Leibbrandt
Abstract Completion of the human genome is one of the many significant milestones in the new era of systems biology. The current phase of genomic studies is focused upon parsing this new found genetic data with respect to scientific interest, and economic and health impact applications. As the sequences are now available and whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism maps for multiple human diseases will be available with the advent of modern genomics, the big challenge is to determine the function of these genes in the context of the entire organism. The emphasis is therefore on functional genomic analysis that represents the new front-line and limiting factor for realizing potential benefits of genome-based science. Defined gene targeting has been proven to be particularly useful as loss of expression mutants can reveal essential functions of molecules and the pathogenesis of disease. Using gene-targeted mice, my group has over the years identified genes that control heart and lung functions [1,5]; apoptosis [6,9]; lymphocyte activation [10,14]; cancer [15,17]; pain [18]; diabetes [19]; fertility [20] or wound healing [21]. In this study, I would like to review our work on RANKL in more detail. [source]

The taming of the shrew or corneal transplantation: past, present and future

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2008
U PLEYER
Keratoplasty has definitely its paradoxes. It has been the first successful transplantation in man and is with approx. 100. 000 grafts/year easily the most frequent allograft in human medicine. At the same time it is still the least understood form of transplantation in respect to its biology. It is both, the most successfull as well as probably the most underestimated procedure regarding its risks in clinical transplantation. Indeed, the common assumtion, that corneal transplantation is a safe procedure with good prognosis may have hindered more intensive effort of research in this field. This lecture aims to highlight significant milestones in the rich history of corneal transplantation, and to pay tribute to the many inspired and dedicated individuals involved in the development of keratoplasty. There are still limitations to corneal transplantation, and corneal allograft rejection still poses the greatest challenge to the modern corneal surgeon. Therefore, particular emphasis will be paid to recent efforts and developments to overcome this challenge. [source]

Representation, Interaction, and Intersubjectivity

COGNITIVE SCIENCE - A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL, Issue 5 2007
Richard Alterman
Abstract What the participants share, their common "sense" of the world, creates a foundation, a framing, an orientation that enables human actors to see and act in coordination with one another. For recurrent activities, the methods the participants use to understand each other as they act change, making the intersubjective space in which actors operate richer and easier to produce. This article works through some of the issues that emerge from a close examination of intersubjectivity as it is managed through representation and interaction. The data that are presented document, in detail, a sequence of related interactions, within and across episodes of cooperation, where continuity and change can be observed. The emergence of conversational structure and coordinating representations are significant milestones in the long-term development of a representational practice that support the runtime co-construction of intersubjective space. Conversational structures emerge interactively to mediate recurrent points of coordination in the domain activity, and only secondarily the conversation itself. Coordinating representations change the representational practice of the participants by making it easier to manage their "shared view" of the collective work, enabling the participants to make progress, expand the field of the common activity, while exhibiting more control of if and when explicit grounding occurs. [source]