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Significant Inhibitory Activity (significant + inhibitory_activity)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

An extract of Apium graveolens var. dulce leaves: structure of the major constituent, apiin, and its anti-inflammatory properties

JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY: AN INTERNATI ONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE, Issue 6 2007
T. Mencherini
Flavonoids, natural compounds widely distributed in the plant kingdom, are reported to affect the inflammatory process and to possess anti-inflammatory as well as immunomodulatory activity in-vitro and in-vivo. Since nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of the inflammatory mediators, the effects of the ethanol/water (1:1) extract of the leaves of Apium graveolens var. dulce (celery) on iNOS expression and NO production in the J774.A1 macrophage cell line stimulated for 24 h with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were evaluated. The extract of A. graveolens var. dulce contained apiin as the major constituent (1.12%, w/w, of the extract). The extract and apiin showed significant inhibitory activity on nitrite (NO) production in-vitro (IC50 0.073 and 0.08 mg mL,1 for the extract and apiin, respectively) and iNOS expression (IC50 0.095 and 0.049 mg mL,1 for the extract and apiin, respectively) in LPS-activated J774.A1 cells. The croton-oil ear test on mice showed that the extract exerted anti-inflammatory activity in-vivo (ID50 730 ,g cm,2), with a potency seven-times lower than that of indometacin (ID50 93 ,g cm,2), the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used as reference. Our results clearly indicated the inhibitory activity of the extract and apiin in-vitro on iNOS expression and nitrite production when added before LPS stimulation in the medium of J774.A1 cells. The anti-inflammatory properties of the extract demonstrated in-vivo might have been due to reduction of iNOS enzyme expression. [source]

Antiphytoviral activity of bruceine-D from Brucea javanica seeds

PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (FORMERLY: PESTICIDE SCIENCE), Issue 2 2008
Jian-Guo Shen
Abstract BACKGROUND:Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. is widely distributed throughout the southern parts of China and has been used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of diseases. The objective of the present study was to identify the active antiphytoviral compound in the seeds of B. javanica and evaluate the inhibitory activity of the compound against plant virus. RESULTS: Bioassay-guided fractionation of the most active extract from the seeds led to the isolation of an antiphytoviral compound which was identified as bruceine-D by conventional spectroscopy methods. The compound exhibited significant inhibitory activity against the infection and replication of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), with IC50 values of 13.98 and 7.13 mg L,1 respectively. The compound also showed a strong inhibitory effect on the infectivity of potato virus Y (PVY) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Furthermore, the compound could effectively inhibit systemic TMV infection in the host tobacco plant under glasshouse conditions. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that bruceine-D from Brucea javanica may have the potential to be used as a natural viricide, or a lead compound for new viricides. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry [source]

Insect growth inhibitor activity of arjunolic acid isolated from Cornus capitata

PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue S1 2002
R. S. Bhakuni
Abstract Arjunolic acid (a pentacyclictrihydroxytriterpenic acid) isolated from the stem of Cornus capitata (Cornaceae) exhibited significant inhibitory activity towards 4th instar larvae of Spilarctia obliqua. A dose dependent relationship of both activities was observed. The effective concentration (EC50) to reduce feeding and growth of the larvae of S. obliqua was found to be 617.8 and 666.9,ppm, respectively. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Inhibitory effects of Korean plants on HIV-1 activities

PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 6 2001
Byung Sun Min
Abstract In the search for novel anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (anti-HIV-1) agents from natural sources, 49 MeOH extracts of Korean plants were screened for their inhibitory effects against RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (RT) and ribonuclease H (RNase H) activities of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and HIV-1 protease, and anti-HIV-1 activity. Regarding the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, Agrimonia pilosa (whole plant), Cornus kousa (stem and leaf), Limonium tetragonum (root) and Mallotus japonicus (stem) showed significant inhibitory activity on RT activity with 50% inhibitory activity (IC50) of 8.9, 6.3, 7.5 and 11.9,µg/mL, respectively, whereas Agrimonia pilosa was also active against RNase H activity (IC50,=,98.4,µg/mL). Four plants, namely Agrimonia pilosa (whole plant), Atractylodes japonica (root), Clematis heracleifolia (whole plant) and Syneilesis palmata (whole plant), were appreciably active (<35%) against recombinant HIV-1 protease at a concentration of 100,µg/mL. Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum (root) showed significant anti-HIV-1 activity (ED50,=,12.5,µg/mL) with a favourable SI value of 16. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]