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Shoot Regeneration (shoot + regeneration)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Earth and Environmental Science	71%
Life Sciences	28%

Terms modified by Shoot Regeneration

shoot regeneration frequency

Selected Abstracts

Medium, Explant and Genotype Factors Influencing Shoot Regeneration in Oilseed Brassica spp.

JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE, Issue 5 2003
G. X. Tang
Abstract The effects of culture media, explants and genotypes on shoot regeneration in oilseed Brassica species were examined in this study. The maximum shoot regeneration frequency was obtained in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 3 mg l,1 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.15 mg l,1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid. The addition of 2.5 mg l,1 AgNO3 was very beneficial to shoot regeneration in B. napus and Ag2S2O3 (10 mg l,1) was even superior to AgNO3 (2.5 mg l,1). Explant age, explant type and carbon source also significantly affected shoot regeneration. Four-day-old seedlings of cotyledonary explants showed the maximum shoot regeneration frequency and number of shoots per explant. Of the four explants , peduncles, hypocotyls, cotyledons and leaf petioles , cotyledons produced the highest shoot regeneration frequency (56.67 %). Four carbon sources , glucose, maltose, starch and sucrose , were compared for their respective effects on shoot regeneration from cotyledonary explants. Sucrose appeared to be the best carbon source for shoot regeneration with the highest shoot regeneration frequency (76.00 %). Considerable variation in shoot regeneration from cotyledonary explants was observed both between and within Brassica species. The shoot regeneration frequency ranged from 10.00 % for cv. R5 (B. rapa) to 83.61 % for cv. N1 (B. napus). Two B. napus, one B. carinata and one B. juncea cultivars exhibited shoot regeneration frequency higher than 70 %. In terms of the number of shoots produced per explant, B. rapa showed the highest variation, ranging from 5.64 for cv. R3 to 1.33 for cv. R5. Normal plantlets were regenerated from all induced shoots and developed normally. The regenerated plants were fertile and identical with the source plants. [source]

Factors affecting adventitious regeneration from in vitro leaf explants of ,Improved French' plum, the most important dried plum cultivar in the USA

ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY, Issue 1 2010
C. Petri
An adventitious shoot regeneration protocol from in vitro leaves of the most important dried plum cultivar in the USA, ,Improved French', has been established. Factors affecting regeneration were studied in order to optimise regeneration. The proliferation medium in which the shoots, used as the source of leaf explants, were cultured had a strong influence on subsequent regeneration. Shoot regeneration was observed at a mean frequency of 52% when a Murashige-based and Skoog-based shoot culture medium with 3 ,M N6 -benzylaminopurine and 0.25 ,M indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) was employed compared with shoot regeneration frequencies of less than 5% for a Quoirin-based and Lepoivre-based shoot culture medium, with 8.9 ,M N6 -benzylaminopurine and 0.49 ,M IBA. The shoot regeneration medium contained ,-naphthaleneacetic acid at 2.0,6.0 ,M and thidiazuron at 4.5,15.0 ,M. 2,4 Dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid at 9.0 ,M was included in the medium but only for the first 4 days of culture. Shoot regeneration frequencies were positively related to thidiazuron concentration and significantly greater (P < 0.05) for 9,15 ,M thidiazuron than for the media with 4.5 ,M thidiazuron. Leaf explants, incubated in a 16-h-light/8-h-dark photoperiod or in the dark for 1 week followed by exposure to light, showed significantly more organogenic activity (P < 0.01) than was observed for leaves cultured in the dark for 2 or 3 weeks before they were transferred to the light. The utilisation of Bacto agar (0.7%) as the gelling agent increased organogenesis compared with media gelled with TC Agar (0.7%), or an agar,gellan gum blend (AgargelÔ) (0.45%). The addition of the ethylene inhibitor silver thiosulphate at 60,120 ,M also improved organogenesis. When all the studied factors were optimised, a regeneration rate of 65% was achieved. Rooting frequency of regenerated shoots was significantly increased (P < 0.05) by the use of full-strength Murashige and Skoog salts (40%) or 100 mg L,1 phloroglucinol (53%) to the rooting medium. [source]

Optimization of culture conditions for plant regeneration of Panicum spp. through somatic embryogenesis

GRASSLAND SCIENCE, Issue 1 2010
Mi-Suk Seo
Abstract We developed a rapid and efficient shoot regeneration system for Panicum spp. by adjusting the regeneration medium and studying the responses of different genotypes and the influence of explant types (mature seed, immature embryo and shoot apex). We used Panicum meyerianum (Nees) and Panicum longijubatum (Stapf) which were shown to perform well, to select the optimal medium for shoot regeneration. The highest frequency of shoot regeneration was obtained on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 30 g L,1 maltose and 1 mg L,1 N-phenyl-N,-[(1,2,3-thidiazol-5-yl) urea]. The callus formed green spots after 1 week of culture and showed primary green shoots after 2 weeks. In this system, the calli derived from mature seed of nine Panicum genotypes showed large variation in shoot regeneration ability: from 0 to 69.9% in the frequency of shoot formation and from 0 to 8.4 in the number of shoots per callus. Guineagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) showed no ability and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) showed low ability to regenerate from mature seed-derived calli; however, both were able to be regenerated from immature embryos and calli derived from shoot apices. We developed an efficient protocol for high shoot regeneration of various Panicum genotypes which provides a foundation for efficient tissue culture and genetic improvement of Panicum. [source]

Evaluation of tissue culture response from mature seeds of Panicum spp.

GRASSLAND SCIENCE, Issue 3 2008
Mi-Suk Seo
Abstract The genus Panicum contains important warm-season forage grasses and species with potential as biomass crops. We selected Panicum genotypes with high response to tissue culture for genetic improvement. The highest frequency of callus induction from mature seed of Panicum maximum cultivar Natsukaze was obtained on MS medium containing 4.0 mg L,1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and solidified with 0.3% Gelrite. We compared germination frequencies and callus induction capacities among 24 genotypes of 11 Panicum species on this medium. Callus induction frequencies varied among genotypes. Those with high germination frequencies generally had high callus induction frequencies. On the other hand, especially in P. maximum, the callus induction ratio (callus induction frequency/germination frequency) depended on the reproductive mode and ploidy. The callus induction ratio of three sexual accessions of P. maximum were very low compared to apomictic accessions, and besides, a tetraploid sexual accession Noh PL1 had very low germination and callus induction frequencies. Callus induction and regeneration capacities were independent of each other. For shoot regeneration, we transferred callus derived from the 24 genotypes onto MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L,1 kinetin and 0.4% Gelrite. Six of the genotypes regenerated plantlets. Among them, Panicum meyerianum produced the highest shoot regeneration frequency of 61.6% and the maximum number of shoots callus,1 in the shortest time. The callus of P. meyerianum also showed vigorous proliferation. We thus selected high-response genotypes of P. meyerianum. [source]

Medium, Explant and Genotype Factors Influencing Shoot Regeneration in Oilseed Brassica spp.

Change in sugar, sterol and fatty acid composition in banana meristems caused by sucrose-induced acclimation and its effects on cryopreservation

PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM, Issue 1 2006
Guo-Yu Zhu
To understand the mechanisms of sucrose-induced acclimation in relation to plant cryopreservation, sugars, sterols, fatty acids of different lipid fractions (neutral lipids, glycolipids and sphingolipids and phospholipids), as well as free fatty acids were analyzed in proliferating meristem cultures of different banana varieties. The four banana varieties that were selected show different post-thaw shoot regeneration rates (0,53.4%). All mentioned parameters were analyzed using (1) control meristems that were cultured on a normal sucrose concentration (0.09 M), which resulted in low survival after cryopreservation; and (2) 2-week sucrose precultured meristems (0.4 M). This sucrose preculture, essential for regeneration after cryopreservation, resulted in a significant increase of each of seven sugars detected. The ratio of stigmasterol/sitosterol (St/Si) in sucrose-pretreated meristems significantly increased. The sucrose pretreatment also resulted in a significant increase of total fatty acid content of the neutral lipid fraction and of the glycolipid and sphingolipid fraction, as well as the total free fatty acid content. The individual fatty acid content of the phospholipids was differently changed by the sucrose pretreatment for the given varieties studied. In most cases, sucrose pretreatment resulted in an increase of the double bond index (DBI) in the neutral lipids and a decrease of DBI in the glycolipids and sphingolipids, in phospholipids as well as in free fatty acids. Principal component analysis of all collected data revealed that (1) for the control material, sucrose and total sugar contents were closely linked to the post-thaw shoot regeneration, suggesting that sucrose and total sugar may be main limiting factors to survive cryopreservation; (2) accumulation of large quantities of sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose and total sugar) in sucrose-pretreated material cannot explain the differences in survival after cryopreservation of the four banana varieties. We assume that a minimal amount of sugars is needed in meristem cultures to survive cryopreservation. Still, other limiting factors do influence the survival following the sucrose pretreatment. We observed that the parameters which are closely linked to the post-thaw shoot regeneration are a minimal change in the ratios of St/Si, the minimal change of the DBI of phospholipids and free fatty acids, as well as linoleic acid content (C18:2); and (3) inositol, raffinose, myristic acid (C14:0) and oleic acid (C18:1) were present in small quantities; however, they could be correlated to survival after cryopreservation, suggesting that they may be also involved in cryopreservation process. [source]