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Several Theoretical (several + theoretical)
Selected AbstractsTesting for Balance Sheet Effects in Emerging Markets: A Non-Crisis Setting,INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, Issue 2 2010Uluc Aysun The literature has established that emerging market economies are better insulated from large external shocks during a financial crisis when they adopt a flexible exchange rate regime. Looking at the strength of firms' balance sheets, this paper shows that the opposite holds true in non-crisis periods. The reason is that balance sheets and thus spending decisions are less affected by external shocks under fixed regimes. This result is obtained through several theoretical and empirical methodologies that are useful for identifying balance sheet effects in a non-crisis setting. Simulations reveal a larger (smaller) output response under flexible regimes when these effects are included (excluded). Although the transmission of foreign interest rate shocks to domestic interest rates is stronger under fixed regimes, it appears the limited effects on balance sheets generate a more muted output response. [source] Electronic structure and physicochemical properties of selected penicillinsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUANTUM CHEMISTRY, Issue 3 2007Catalina Soriano-Correa Abstract Traditionally, penicillins have been used as antibacterial agents due to their characteristics and widespread applications with few collateral effects, which have motivated several theoretical and experimental studies. Despite the latter, their mechanism of biological action has not been completely elucidated. We present a theoretical study at the Hartree,Fock and density functional theory (DFT) levels of theory of a selected group of penicillins such as the penicillin-G, amoxicillin, ampicillin, dicloxacillin, and carbenicillin molecules, to systematically determine the electron structure of full ,-lactam antibiotics. Our results allow us to analyze the electronic properties of the pharmacophore group, the aminoacyl side-chain, and the influence of the substituents (R and X) attached to the aminoacyl side-chain at 6, (in contrast with previous studies focused at the 3, substituents), and to corroborate the results of previous studies performed at the semiempirical level, solely on the ,-lactam ring of penicillins. Besides, several density descriptors are determined with the purpose of analyzing their link to the antibacterial activity of these penicillin compounds. Our results for the atomic charges (fitted to the electrostatic potential), the bond orders, and several global reactivity descriptors, such as the dipole moments, ionization potential, hardness, and the electrophilicity index, led us to characterize: the active sites, the effect of the electron-attracting substituent properties and their physicochemical features, which altogether, might be important to understand the biological activity of these type of molecules. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2007 [source] Social scientific paradigms of masculinity and their implications for research and practice in men's mental healthJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 6 2005Michael E. Addis Clinical researchers and practitioners are increasingly aware of the need for quality theory, research, and intervention in men's mental health. Successful work in this area requires an understanding of the multitude of ways that gender, and more specifically masculinities, can be conceptualized beyond a sole focus on sex differences between men and women. Drawing from a range of social sciences in addition to psychology, the authors consider several theoretical, research, and clinical directions that can follow from social learning, psychodynamic, social constructionist, and feminist paradigms. It is concluded that thinking deeply and critically within different paradigms of masculinity is critical for progress in both research and practice. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 61: 633,647, 2005. [source] Can Language Politics Ensure Languages Survival?LINGUISTICS & LANGUAGE COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 6 2008Evidence from Italy In light of the minority language revitalization trend, which has spread throughout Europe, encouraged by International and European legislation, at the end of the last century, an Italian law was approved to give a national framework to minority language preservation and renaissance. The status and prestige of minority languages thus appeared to be strengthened, though several theoretical and practical problems continue to impede national implementation of the law. Some of these problems , the different language minorities present in Italy, the linguistic variety that should be used in public settings and the nature of the language that is the object of the national language policy , are examined in this article. The purpose of this article is to consider the pros and cons of Italian language policies and politics through case studies representative of Italian sociolinguistic diversity, thus highlighting the roadblocks to protecting minority languages. [source] Dilation-free graphs in the l1 metricNETWORKS: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, Issue 2 2007J. Cáceres Abstract The dilation-free graph of a planar point set S is a graph that spans S in such a way that the distance between two points in the graph is no longer than their planar distance. Metrically speaking, those graphs are equivalent to complete graphs; however they have far fewer edges when considering the Manhattan distance (we give here an upper bound on the number of saved edges). This article provides several theoretical, algorithmic, and complexity features of dilation-free graphs in the l1 -metric, giving several construction algorithms and proving some of their properties. Moreover, special attention is paid to the planar case due to its applications in the design of printed circuit boards. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, Vol. 49(2), 168,174 2007 [source] Gender Equality and Gender Differences: Parenting, Habitus, and Embodiment (The 2008 Porter Lecture),CANADIAN REVIEW OF SOCIOLOGY/REVUE CANADIENNE DE SOCIOLOGIE, Issue 2 2009ANDREA DOUCET S'appuyant sur un projet de recherche d'une durée de quatre ans concernant des pères canadiens dispensateurs de soins de première ligne ainsi que sur deux projets récents sur la première année de soins prodigués au nourrisson, l'auteure attire l'attention sur plusieurs questions théoriques importantes pour l'étude de l'égalité des sexes et de la différence entre les sexes au sujet de l'éducation des enfants. Elle propose d'abord de transférer le centre d'intérêt, qui porte en ce moment sur les travaux domestiques, vers les responsabilités familiales et communautaires. Elle soutient ensuite que le terrain politique à la base de l'étude du maternage et du paternage exige de la clarté sur la façon dont les chercheurs interprètent l'interaction constante entre l'égalité et les différences. Finalement, elle défend l'idée voulant que les responsabilités parentales, étant donné qu'il y a eu certains changements au cours du temps, demeurent influencées par le genre parce qu'elles sont profondément enracinées dans l'habitus et dans la personnification dans des contextes spatiaux et temporels spécifiques. Drawing on a four-year research project on Canadian primary caregiving fathers, as well two recent projects on the first year of parenting, this article highlights several theoretical and substantive issues in the study of gender equality and gender differences in parenting. First, I call for shifts from a focus on domestic tasks toward domestic and community-based responsibilities. Second, I argue that the political terrain underpinning the study of mothering and fathering calls for clarity on how researchers interpret the constant interplay between equality and differences. Third, while there has been some change over time, parental responsibilities remain gendered because they are deeply rooted in habitus and embodiment across specific spatial and temporal contexts. [source] | ||||||||||