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Several Pairs (several + pair)
Selected AbstractsEvidential reasoning-based nonlinear programming model for MCDA under fuzzy weights and utilities,INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, Issue 1 2010Mi Zhou In a multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) problem, qualitative information with subjective judgments of ambiguity is often provided by people, together with quantitative data that may also be imprecise or incomplete. There are several uncertainties that may be considered in an MCDA problem, such as fuzziness and ambiguity. The evidential reasoning (ER) approach is well suited for dealing with such MCDA problems and can generate comprehensive distributed assessments for different alternatives. Many researches in dealing with imprecise or uncertain belief structures have been conducted on the ER approach. In this paper, both triangular fuzzy weights of criteria and fuzzy utilities assigned to evaluation grades are introduced to the ER approach, which may be incurred in several circumstances such as group decision-making situation. The Hadamard multiplicative combination of judgment matrix is extended for the aggregation of triangular fuzzy judgment matrices, the result of which is applied as the fuzzy weights used in the fuzzy ER approach. The consistency of the aggregated triangular fuzzy judgment matrix is also proved. Several pairs of ER-based programming models are designed to generate the total fuzzy belief degrees and the overall expected fuzzy utilities for the comparison of alternatives. A numerical example is conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] An engineering approach to dynamic prediction of network performance from application logsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NETWORK MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2005Zalal Uddin Mohammad Abusina Network measurement traces contain information regarding network behavior over the period of observation. Research carried out from different contexts shows predictions of network behavior can be made depending on network past history. Existing works on network performance prediction use a complicated stochastic modeling approach that extrapolates past data to yield a rough estimate of long-term future network performance. However, prediction of network performance in the immediate future is still an unresolved problem. In this paper, we address network performance prediction as an engineering problem. The main contribution of this paper is to predict network performance dynamically for the immediate future. Our proposal also considers the practical implication of prediction. Therefore, instead of following the conventional approach to predict one single value, we predict a range within which network performance may lie. This range is bounded by our two newly proposed indices, namely, Optimistic Network Performance Index (ONPI) and Robust Network Performance Index (RNPI). Experiments carried out using one-year-long traffic traces between several pairs of real-life networks validate the usefulness of our model.,Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Novel rapid immunochromatographic test based on an enzyme immunoassay for detecting nucleocapsid antigen in SARS-associated coronavirusJOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS, Issue 4 2005Hiroyuki Kogaki Abstract A novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) has been discovered. The detection of both antigens and antibodies in SARS-CoV from human specimens with suspected SARS plays an important role in preventing infection. We developed a novel rapid immunochromatographic test (RICT) based on the sandwich format enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with an all-in-one device for detecting the native nucleocapsid antigen (N-Ag) of SARS-CoV using monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), which we produced by immunizing recombinant N-Ag to mice. RICT is a qualitative assay for respiratory aspirates and serum specimens. With this assay, a positive result can be judged subjectively by the appearance of a blue line on the device 15 min after the sample is applied. RICT with several pairs of MoAbs showed a high sensitivity for the detection of recombinant N-Ag as well as viral N-Ag of SARS-CoV. rSN122 and rSN21-2 were the best MoAbs for immobilized antibody and enzyme labeling, respectively. With regard to analytical sensitivity, RICT detected N-Ag at 31 pg/mL for recombinant N-Ag, and at 1.99×102 TCID50/mL for SARS-CoV. The specificity of RICT was 100% when 150 human sera and 50 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NSPs) were used. RICT based on an EIA using the rSN122/rSN21-2 pair is a sensitive, specific, and reliable rapid assay for detecting N-Ag in SARS-CoV treated with either heat or Triton X-100. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 19:150,159, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Raman scattering studies of the magnetic ordering in hexagonal HoMnO3 thin filmsJOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY, Issue 9 2010Nguyen Thi Minh Hien Abstract We present the results of the temperature dependence of the Raman spectra of hexagonal HoMnO3 thin films in the 13,300 K temperature range. The films were grown on Pt(111)//Al2O3 (0001) substrates using the laser ablation method. In the HoMnO3 thin films, we initially observedseveral broad Raman peaks at ,510, 760, 955, 1120, and 1410 cm,1. These broad Raman peaks display an anomalous behavior near the magnetic transition temperature, and the intensity difference of the Raman spectra at different temperatures shows several pairs of negative and positive peaks as the temperature is lowered below the Néel temperature. Our analyses indicate that all the broad peaks are correlated with magnetic ordering, and we have assigned the origin of all the broad peaks. Purely on the basis of the Raman analysis, we have deduced the Néel temperature and the spin exchange integrals of HoMnO3 thin films. We also investigated the effects of the growth condition on the strongest broad peak at ,760 cm,1, which is related with pure magnetic ordering. This result indicates that the oxygen defect in the HoMnO3 sample has negligible effect on magnetic ordering. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Retrovirus-Polymer Complexes: Study of the Factors Affecting the Dose Response of TransductionBIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 2 2007Natalia Landázuri We have previously shown that complexes of Polybrene (PB), chondroitin sulfate C (CSC), and retrovirus transduce cells more efficiently than uncomplexed virus because the complexes are large and sediment, reaching the cells more rapidly than by diffusion. Transduction reaches a peak at equal weight concentrations of CSC and PB and declines when the dose of PB is higher or lower than CSC. We hypothesized that the nonlinear dose response of transduction was a complex function of the molecular characteristics of the polymers, cell viability, and the number of viruses incorporated into the complexes. To test this hypothesis, we formed complexes using an amphotropic retrovirus and several pairs of oppositely charged polymers and used them to transduce murine fibroblasts. We examined the effect of the type and concentration of polymers used on cell viability, the size and charge of the complexes, the number of viruses incorporated into the complexes, and virus binding and transduction. Transduction was enhanced (2.5- to 5.5-fold) regardless of which polymers were used and was maximized when the number of positive charge groups was in slight excess (15,28%) of the number of negative charge groups. Higher doses of cationic polymer were cytotoxic, whereas complexes formed with lower doses were smaller, contained fewer viruses, and sedimented more slowly. These results show that the dose response of transduction by virus-polymer complexes is nonlinear because excess cationic polymer is cytotoxic, whereas excess anionic polymer reduces the number of active viruses that are delivered to the cells. [source] | ||||||||||