Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Serum Biochemical (serum + biochemical)
Terms modified by Serum Biochemical Selected AbstractsEffects of estrogen and androgen deprivation on the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in male Sprague,Dawley ratsHEPATOLOGY RESEARCH, Issue 9 2009Yanjun Mu Aim:, We studied the mechanisms of estrogen/androgen involvement in the induction of NASH by treating Sprague,Dawley (SD) rats fed with a normal or high fat (HF) diet by depriving them of endogenous estrogens/androgens. Methods:, Male adult SD rats (n = 10/group) on normal or HF diets were treated for 75 days either with tamoxifen (Tam) or flutamide (Flu) or Tam + Flu in order to induce NASH. We analyzed histopathologically the liver samples from the treated groups for NASH, checked the serum biochemical and lipid profile markers and finally analyzed the signal pathways underlying the molecular mechanisms for the induction process of NASH. Results:, Deprivation of endogenous estrogens and/or androgens (Tam or Flu or Tam + Flu) without the HF diet did not induce NASH. Tam or Tam + Flu induced NASH, compared to milder lesions without fibrosis in HF diet and Flu-treated liver. Serum alanine aminotransferase or lipid profile markers further proved the Tam, Flu or Tam + Flu effects on the induction of NASH in conjunction with a HF diet. Tam treatment predominantly downregulated the ER, and FAS and upregulated UCP2 and TNF-,. Conclusions:, Deprivation of endogenous estrogen/androgens in conjunction with a HF diet may induce NASH where the downregulated ER, and FAS, and upregulated UCP2 and TNF-, could be involved in their molecular pathomechanism pathways. These results could suggest the potential negative roles of estrogenic/androgenic depriving compounds in the induction of NASH, along with obesity. [source] The relationship between obesity and markers of oxidative stress in dogsJOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND NUTRITION, Issue 2 2009M. G. Cline Obesity, a serious epidemic affecting much of our pet population, increases the risk of developing numerous diseases. It has been demonstrated that obesity increases oxidative stress in obese children, cats and other species. Oxidative stress can result in DNA damage with subsequent alterations in gene expression, cell signaling, mutations, cell death or cell transformation. These effects of oxidative damage predispose animals and humans to numerous disease processes and cancer. The objective of the study was to demonstrate that obese dogs are under oxidative stress resulting in DNA damage and decreased endogenous antioxidant protection measured by serum glutathione levels and the ratio of reduced (GSH) to oxidized (GSSG) glutathione. In this case,control study, 10 obese dogs were compared with aged-matched healthy control dogs. Dogs with BCS of 7 or greater (9 pt scale) were considered obese. Dogs were evaluated by history, physical exam, body condition score, CBC, serum biochemical analysis and total T4, with both groups showing no significant differences in CBC, serum biochemical or T4 analysis. Single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) was used to measure DNA damage, and high performance liquid chromatography was used to measure serum glutathione. Reduced glutathione levels were significantly higher in the obese group (p = 0.012). The results of this pilot study suggest that obesity is associated with an increase in antioxidant potential, therefore justifying a larger study with antioxidant supplementation to determine how antioxidants in weight loss diets effects endogenous antioxidant capabilities. [source] A modified Mini Nutritional Assessment without BMI can effectively assess the nutritional status of neuropsychiatric patientsJOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 13 2009Alan C Tsai Aim and objectives., To determine whether a modified version of the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) without body mass index (BMI) can effectively identify individuals at risk of malnutrition among patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. Background., Neuropsychiatric patients have an additional risk of nutritional disorder due to functional impairments and drug effects. However, their nutritional status is generally neglected. It is important to find a tool that is simple, easy to use and non-invasive. Design., The study involved 105 patients in the acute phase of confirmed neuropsychiatric disorders in an area hospital. All subjects were cognitively able to have effective verbal communication. Method., The study included serum biochemical and anthropometric measurements and an on-site, in-person interview using a structured questionnaire to elicit personal data, health condition and answers to questions in the MNA. Subjects' nutritional statuses were graded with a MNA that adopted population-specific anthropometric cut-off points or one further with the BMI question removed and its assigned score redistributed to other anthropometric questions. Results., Both versions of the modified MNA effectively graded the nutritional status of neuropsychiatric patients and showed good correlations with the major nutritional indicators such as BMI, calf circumference and the length of hospital stay. Conclusions., The MNA can effectively assess the nutritional status of neuropsychiatric patients and enhance timely detection and intervention of their nutritional disorders. A modified MNA without the BMI question can maintain the full functionality of the tool. The version does not require weight and height measurements and thus will enhance the usefulness of the instrument. Relevance to clinical practice., Neuropsychiatric patients are a high-risk group of nutritional disorders. The MNA, especially the one without BMI, has the potential to improve professional efficiency of the primary care workers. [source] Correlation of ultrasound findings and biochemical markers in the second trimester of pregnancy in fetuses with trisomy 21PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS, Issue 3 2002Vivienne L. Souter Abstract Objective The aim of the present study was to assess possible correlations between ultrasound findings and maternal serum biochemical (,triple test') markers among fetuses with trisomy 21 in the second trimester of pregnancy. Methods The study was a retrospective cohort study of 72 pregnancies affected by trisomy 21 who had a second trimester ultrasound and biochemical screen performed at a single center between 1990 and 1999. The biochemical screen consisted of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), total beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and estriol (uE3). Marker levels were expressed in multiples of the median (MoM). The ultrasound findings assessed were major structural anomalies, short humerus length, short femur length, increased nuchal fold thickness (NF), hyperechoic bowel, echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF), ventriculomegaly, choroid plexus cysts and renal pyelectasis. Results Second trimester maternal serum biochemical markers and ultrasound findings appeared to be largely independent of each other. However, some significant correlations were observed. Estriol was significantly lower when a fetal cystic hygroma was detected on ultrasound compared to those with no cystic hygroma (0.40 vs 0.70 MoM, p<0.05). The median hCG level was significantly lower in those pregnancies with a normal second trimester fetal ultrasound compared to those with positive ultrasound findings (2.07 vs 2.87 MoM, p<0.05). Median hCG levels were also significantly higher in those cases with NF,5,mm as compared to those with NF<5,mm (2.99 vs 2.49 MoM, p<0.05). This difference persisted after exclusion of the five cases with cystic hygromas (2.99 vs 2.49 MoM, p<0.05). A significant positive correlation was observed between log10 hCG and log10 NF MoM (Spearman's ,=0.252, p<0.05). NF was significantly greater among fetuses with an identifiable cardiac defect compared with those without a detectable cardiac defect (median of 7.0,mm vs 3.8,mm, p<0.01). This difference persisted when expressed as multiples of the median (2.8 vs 1.3 MoM, p<0.01). Conclusion Second trimester ultrasound and biochemical markers are largely independent in fetuses with trisomy 21, however significant correlations between the two were observed in the present series. These may be important in screening protocols that combine second trimester ultrasound and biochemical markers. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Immune response, growth and survival of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed with levamisole supplemented diets for longer durationAQUACULTURE NUTRITION, Issue 4 2009C.K. MISRA Abstract The study was to determine the effect of long-term administration of different dosages of levamisole on growth, immune response and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila & Edwardsiella tarda in Labeo rohita fingerlings. Fish were fed with four different dosages of levamisole (0, 125, 250 and 500 mg kg,1 diet) for 56 days. Different serum biochemical and haematological parameters such as serum total protein content, albumin content, globulin content, albumin/globulin ratio, glucose content, leucocytes count; cellular immune parameters including superoxide anion production, phagocytic activities, lymphokine production index; humoural immune parameters including lysozyme, complement and serum bactericidal activities were evaluated after 14 days interval. After 56 days, fish were divided into two subgroups under each treatment group for challenge with pathogens A. hydrophila and E. tarda. The cumulative mortality (%) and agglutinating antibody titre was recorded on 28th day postchallenge. WBC count, phagocytic ratio, lymphokine production index, lysozyme activity and serum bactericidal activity were increased upon administration of levamisole dosages for long term. However, the growth performance and survival against pathogens was not significantly changed over 56 days administration of levamisole. But incorporation of moderate dosage of levamisole for 42 days results better immune response without effect on growth and survival of L. rohita fingerlings. [source] | |||||||||||||