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Serum Alkaline Phosphatase (serum + alkaline_phosphatase)
Terms modified by Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Selected AbstractsCharacterization of a family with dominant hypophosphatasiaEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES, Issue 3 2000Jan C.-C. A kindred with dominant hypophosphatasia resulting from an alanine to threonine substitution at position 99 of the alkaline phosphatase protein is described. The clinical findings of individual members of the kindred were assessed by oral and physical examinations, or from the descriptions of multiple family members. The proband displayed enamel hypoplasia and premature loss of fully rooted primary anterior teeth, which were shown by histological examination to lack cementum. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and a vitamin B6 panel, and urine phosphoethanolamine (PEA) were measured on 21 family members. Based upon the clinical and laboratory tests, affected and unaffected status was assigned. Parametric linkage analysis of the kindred using different dominant models and frequency distributions for the disease allele and the mutation gave lodscores >4.2 and confirmed the strong linkage between the disease and the mutation. Assuming the defined mutation causes the disease, the reliability of clinical and laboratory tests is assessed. [source] Natural history of unexplained chronic hepatitis after liver transplantationLIVER TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 7 2007Wing-Kin Syn Unexplained chronic hepatitis (CH) in the adult liver allograft recipient is not uncommon, but its natural history and clinical significance is unknown. A retrospective study was undertaken of adult liver allograft recipients to determine the frequency and natural history of unexplained CH. We evaluated only those patients who had undergone ,2 liver biopsies after 6 months and were grafted for indications where recurrent disease could be confidently excluded (alcoholic liver disease [ALD] in those who remained abstinent and fulminant hepatic failure [FHF] from drug reactions). Of 288 patients who were transplanted for ALD or FHF, 30 fulfilled the above criteria. CH was first diagnosed at a median of 15.25 months after transplantation. A total of 24 patients showed mild necroinflammatory changes, and 12 had mild or moderate fibrosis. Liver tests did not reflect the presence or degree of inflammation or fibrosis. After a median of 4 years, necroinflammatory scores were increased in 5; new or progressive fibrosis was noted in 13%; 3 had developed cirrhosis; and 5 developed clinical evidence of portal hypertension. Progressive fibrosis was associated with a high titer of anti-nuclear antibodies (>1:1600) and a portal tract plasma cell infiltrate. There was a trend for correlation between necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis stage, but this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.06). Serum alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.012) and female gender of the donor (P = 0.033) were associated with progressive fibrosis. Unexplained CH is not uncommon in the liver allograft and may progress to established cirrhosis in a subgroup of patients transplanted for ALD or FHF. Standard liver tests do not reflect the extent of these changes, so protocol liver biopsies may be required to detect these changes. We recommend careful history and follow-up in these patients. Liver Transpl, 2007. © 2007 AASLD. [source] Pamidronate treatment of bone fibrous dysplasia in nine children with McCune-Albright syndromeACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 2 2000R Lala McCune-Albright syndrome is a rare genetic disorder consisting of skin and bone dysplasia and peripheral endocrinopathies. Little data have been collected regarding bisphosphonate treatment of bone fibrous dysplasia in paediatric patients with this syndrome. The aim of our study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of pamidronate in these patients. Nine patients with moderate to severe forms of bone fibrous dysplasia were treated with pamidronate intravenously (0.5-1 mg/ kg/daily for 2-3 d) at 0.5-1-y intervals. Patients were treated over a time period of 0.5-3.5 y. During treatment no spontaneous fracture occurred. Bone pain and gait abnormality due to pain disappeared after 2-3 therapeutic cycles. Cranial asymmetry and limb length discrepancy remained unchanged. Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and urine hydroxyproline values were reduced by the treatment, demonstrating drug activity at the lesional level. The effectiveness of pamidronate was also seen at the non-lesional level through an increase in bone density. Radiographic and scintigraphic evidence of lesion healing was not attained. Pamidronate treatment can ameliorate the course of bone fibrous dysplasia in children and adolescents with McCune-Albright syndrome. [source] Biochemical markers of bone turnover and bone mineral density in patients with ,-thalassaemia majorINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 1 2005E. Eren Summary In this study, bone formation markers (bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin) and bone resorption markers (pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline) were analysed. Bone formation, as evidenced by the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, did not appear to be impaired, while bone resorption was grossly increased in all patient groups. The decrease of bone mineral density values was more prominent in the lumbar spine, thus making this site particularly interesting for such studies. The patients had significantly lower femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density when compared with control (all p < 0.001). Our conclusion is that, in spite of the severe bone destruction that occurs in thalassaemia major, the fact that bone formation remains intact calls for a more intensive treatment. [source] Rickets and osteomalacia in northeast Iran: report of 797 casesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES, Issue 2 2008Mohammadhassan JOKAR ABSTRACT Aim:, To study the clinical, biochemical and radiographic features of rickets and osteomalacia in north-east of Iran. Methods:, We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients with diagnosis of rickets and osteomalacia during the past 20 years (1986,2006) in the rheumatology outpatient clinic of Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Results:, There were 797 patients (795 female, 2 male). Their ages were between 8,74 years. Most cases were in their second decade of life. The most common clinical findings were: bone pain 96.4%, muscle weakness 81%, abnormal gait 43%, and bone deformity 19.6%. The most common laboratory finding was high serum alkaline phosphatase (92%) followed by hypophosphatemia 54.6%, and hypocalcemia (21%). Radiographic findings were: epiphyseal growth plate alterations 74.4%, osteopenia 63%, ground glass appearance 28.6%, and Looser's zones 26.5%. All except four patients were cured with vitamin D and calcium. Conclusion:, Rickets and osteomalacia are common disorders in our region. Females especially in the growing years are often involved. The most common cause of rickets and osteomalacia in our region is vitamin D deficiency probably due to inadequate sun exposure. [source] Haematological, hepatic and renal alterations after repeated oral or intraperitoneal administration of monoisoamyl DMSA.JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY, Issue 6 2002Abstract Monoisoamyl 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (MiADMSA), a vicinal thiol chelator, is gaining recognition recently as a better chelator than meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) in decreasing heavy metal burden in tissues because of its lipophilic character. There is, however, little information available on the toxicological properties of this chelator after repeated administration in animals. In the present study, we investigated the dose-dependent effect of MiADMSA on various biochemical parameters suggestive of alterations in haem biosynthesis and hepatic, renal and brain oxidative stress after 21 days of repeated intraperitoneal (i.p.) or oral (p.o.) administration to rats. The concentration of essential metals in blood and soft tissues was determined along with histopathological observations of hepatic and renal tissues. The results suggest that MiADMSA administration had no effect on blood ,-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity. However, an increase in zinc protoporphyrin and a decrease in haemoglobin levels were noted in animals given MiADMSA i.p. A moderate increase in serum alkaline phosphatase suggested mild hepatotoxicity at the highest dose (100 mg kg,1, i.p.). This was confirmed by histopathological examinations, which identified basophilic stippling, granulation of the cytoplasm, haemorrhage and congestion. At the highest dose, levels of hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and oxidized glutathione were increased above those of control values. Levels of hepatic reduced glutathione were decreased. Taken together, these observations point to oxidative stress. In animals administered MiADMSA i.p. there was an increase in the brain malondialdehyde levels at the two higher doses (50 and 100 mg kg,1). Essential metal status revealed a significant effect of MiADMSA (p.o.) in increasing blood zinc while significantly decreasing the kidney zinc level. The most significant adverse effect of MiADMSA was on copper concentration, which showed significant depletion from almost all major organs. Magnesium levels in blood decreased but increased in liver of MiADMSA-administered rats. Histopathological observations of liver and kidneys suggest few moderate lesions. It can be concluded that repeated administration of MiADMSA is compromised with some mild toxic effect, particularly the loss of copper. The effects during oral administration are comparatively less pronounced than by the i.p. route. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Type V Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A New Form of Brittle Bone Disease,JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 9 2000Francis H. Glorieux Abstract Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is commonly subdivided into four clinical types. Among these, OI type IV clearly represents a heterogeneous group of disorders. Here we describe 7 OI patients (3 girls), who would typically be classified as having OI type IV but who can be distinguished from other type IV patients. We propose to call this disease entity OI type V. These children had a history of moderate to severe increased fragility of long bones and vertebral bodies. Four patients had experienced at least one episode of hyperplastic callus formation. The family history was positive for OI in 3 patients, with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. All type V patients had limitations in the range of pronation/supination in one or both forearms, associated with a radiologically apparent calcification of the interosseous membrane. Three patients had anterior dislocation of the radial head. A radiodense metaphyseal band immediately adjacent to the growth plate was a constant feature in growing patients. Lumbar spine bone mineral density was low and similar to age-matched patients with OI type IV. None of the type V patients presented blue sclerae or dentinogenesis imperfecta, but ligamentous laxity was similar to that in patients with OI type IV. Levels of biochemical markers of bone metabolism generally were within the reference range, but serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary collagen type I N-telopeptide excretion increased markedly during periods of active hyperplastic callus formation. Qualitative histology of iliac biopsy specimens showed that lamellae were arranged in an irregular fashion or had a meshlike appearance. Quantitative histomorphometry revealed decreased amounts of cortical and cancellous bone, like in OI type IV. However, in contrast to OI type IV, parameters that reflect remodeling activation on cancellous bone were mostly normal in OI type V, while parameters reflecting bone formation processes in individual remodeling sites were clearly decreased. Mutation screening of the coding regions and exon/intron boundaries of both collagen type I genes did not reveal any mutations affecting glycine codons or splice sites. In conclusion, OI type V is a new form of autosomal dominant OI, which does not appear to be associated with collagen type I mutations. The genetic defect underlying this disease remains to be elucidated. [source] Silicon drain with channels along the sides for internal biliary stenting of hepaticojejunostomy in hepatic hilar malignanciesJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Issue 5 2009Hiroshi Yoshida Abstract Background:, We compared two types of stents in patients who underwent surgery for hepatic hilar malignancies. Methods:, Twenty-one patients with hepatic hilar malignancies who underwent hepatectomy were randomly assigned to one of two groups. A 5-Fr silicon drain with an internal lumen and side holes was used for the hepaticojejunostomy in one group (intraluminal stent group), and a 10-Fr silicon drain with channels along the sides was used in the other (channel stent group). Results:, Leakage developed in four patients (36.4%) in the intraluminal stent group versus two (20.0%) in the channel stent group. Cholangitis developed in three patients with leakage (27.3%) in the intraluminal stent group versus no patient in the channel stent group. After operation, the times required for the serum alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin levels to return to the normal range were significantly shorter in the channel stent group (5.3 ± 2.9, 3.8 ± 2.2 days) than in the intraluminal stent group (17.0 ± 5.8, 9.4 ± 5.7 days) (P < 0.0001, P = 0.0093). Conclusion:, A 10-Fr silicon drain with channels is superior to a 5-Fr silicon drain with an internal lumen for internal biliary stenting of hepaticojejunostomy in patients with hepatic hilar malignancies. [source] Multiple hepatic nodules: Rare manifestation of clonorchiasisJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Issue 9 2006Wei-Chih Liao Abstract A 38-year-old man was admitted due to intermittent right upper quadrant pain for 1 month. Leukocytosis with marked eosionphilia and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase were noted. Stool examinations revealed no parasites or ova. Ultrasonography and computed tomography disclosed multiple hepatic tumors. Biopsy of the hepatic tumor was performed due to non-conclusive imaging studies and revealed eosinophil infiltration in portal areas only. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed mild dilatation with irregularity of bilateral intrahepatic ducts, compatible with chronic cholangitis. Bile was aspirated and biliary lavage with normal saline was performed during endoscopy-guided biliary cannulation. Microscopic examination of the aspirate showed the characteristic ova of Clonorchis sinensis. The patient received Praziquantel therapy for 1 day. Abdominal pain reduced in intensity gradually. Eosinophilia and multiple hepatic lesions resolved after adequate treatment of Clonorchis sinensis. The rare manifestation of multiple hepatic tumors in Clonorchis sinensis should be differentiated from other primary or metastatic neoplasms, while biliary lavage for parasite ova is a valuable diagnostic tool when stool examination is negative. [source] Prevalence of undiagnosed coeliac syndrome in osteoporotic womenJOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 4 2001R. Nuti Abstract.,Nuti R, Martini G, Valenti R, Giovani S, Salvadori S, Avanzati A (Institute of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Disease Unit, University of Siena, Siena, Italy). Prevalence of undiagnosed coeliac syndrome in osteoporotic women. J Intern Med 2001; 250: 361,366. Objectives.,The aims of the study were to quantify the prevalence of asymptomatic coeliac disease (CD) in a cohort of osteoporotic females, and to investigate the features of bone loss. Design and subjects.,We studied 255 women (mean age 66.6 ± 8.5 SD) with primary osteoporosis (WHO diagnostic criteria). After the first CD screening with the measure of serum IgG antigliadin antibodies (IgG-AGA), 53 women showed a positive test: antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (TG-ab) were subsequently determined to confirm the diagnosis of CD. Bone metabolism was evaluated by: serum and urinary calcium, serum and urinary phosphate, serum alkaline phosphatase, urinary crosslaps, serum 25(OH)D and serum parathyroid hormone. Results.,High levels of IgG-AGA and TG-ab were observed in 24 patients with a prevalence of serological disease of 9.4%. These women were characterized, in comparison with the other patients, by a statistically significant reduction in serum 25(OH)D (17.8 ± 7.2 vs. 55.1 ± 20.3 nmol L,1, P < 0.01) together with a significant increase of iPTH (65.1 ± 29.7 vs. 35.1 ± 20.0 pg mL,1; P < 0.01). Patients with high TG-ab levels showed also slightly raised values of urinary crosslaps (288 ± 88 vs. 270 ± 90 ,m mol,1 Cr). In IgG-AG positive patients a statistically significant inverse correlation was found between 25(OH)D serum levels and log-transformed TG-ab values (r: ,0.95, P < 0.001). Intestinal biopsies were obtained in 10 TG-ab positive women and verified CD in six patients. Conclusions.,These data support the hypothesis that patients with undiagnosed celiac disease develop high remodelling processes related to calcium malabsorption, secondary hyperparathyroidism and unavailability of vitamin D with a consequent more marked bone loss. [source] Dietary content may prevent secondary hyperparathyroidism in female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2000Julia E. Bruner Macaque laboratory chows provide relatively more calcium (Ca) and vitamin D (D) than human diets; this may influence skeletal aging. To evaluate this possibility, parameters of skeletal relevance in premenopausal and naturally postmenopausal rhesus monkeys were measured in a cross-sectional study. Serum osteocalcin (Oc) was elevated in the postmenopausal group (P<0.01), but levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) were not different. Subsequently, in premenopausal animals, dietary Ca and/or D intake was reduced to optimal human levels for 8 weeks prior to the evaluation of the skeletal parameters. Serum 25OHD concentration was reduced (P<0.01) and a trend (P=0.10) towards increased PTH was observed in both low D groups. In addition, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were increased in the low Ca group (P<0.01). In conclusion, skeletal turnover, as measured by serum Oc, was increased in naturally postmenopausal rhesus monkeys in the absence of hyperparathyroidism. Dietary D reduction causes a decline in serum 25OHD and an upward trend in PTH. [source] Bone resorption activity of osteolytic metastatic lung and breast cancersJOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, Issue 6 2004Lih-Yuann Shih Abstract Production of bone resorption mediators and bone resorption activity were compared among osteolytic metastatic cancers, normal bone tissues, and soft tissue metastatic cancers to search for the possible factors leading to cancer-induced bone resorption. Twenty-five patients with untreated osteolytic metastatic breast or non-small cell lung cancers consisted of the study group. Normal bone tissues obtained from the same patient were used as internal controls; and tumor tissues from patients with soft tissue metastasis were used as external controls. Serum and urinary bone turnover markers were measured. Tissues harvested during surgery were subjected to tissue culture. The levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-, (TNF-,), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the supernatant after 72 h of culture were measured. Bone resorption activity was measured by calcium release from cultured calvarias, and bone volume as well as osteoclast number in bone sections. Patients with osteolytic metastatic cancers showed significantly decreased serum osteocalcin, increased serum alkaline phosphatase, and urinary deoxypyridinoline levels. Osteolytic metastatic cancers produced significantly more PGE2 than both controls. Conditioned medium from osteolytic metastatic tumors showed significantly enhanced bone resorption activity, and indomethacin significantly reduced this activity. Levels of PGE2, and bone resorption activity increased in osteolytic tumor tissues than soft tissue metastatic tissues in the same patient indicated that the same tumor cells might respond differently to different microenvironments. Our observation showed that PGE2 was produced by osteolytic metastatic cancers and stimulated bone resorption in mice calvarias. PGE2 inhibitor may be applicable in reducing bone resorption by osteolytic metastatic cancers. © 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [source] Severe perinatal hypophosphatasia due to homozygous deletion of T at nucleotide 1559 in the tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase genePRENATAL DIAGNOSIS, Issue 9 2003Hideaki Sawai Abstract Objectives Hypophosphatasia is an inherited disorder characterized by defective bone mineralization and deficiency of tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) activity. This disorder is caused by various mutations in the TNSALP gene. We report here hypophosphatasia in two siblings, both of them severely affected by the perinatal (lethal) type. Methods We diagnosed the first infant by clinical and radiologic manifestations, and laboratory findings. Laboratory findings were characterized by deficiency of serum alkaline phosphatase. Both parents and the second infant were then analyzed by molecular techniques. Results The radiograph of the first infant showed severe hypomineralization of the skeleton. Molecular analysis of the second infant showed that this condition was caused by a homozygous single T nucleotide deletion at cDNA number 1559 (1559delT). Both parents were heterozygous carriers for this mutation, although they were not consanguineous. Conclusion This mutation has been frequently found in Japanese hypophosphatasia patients, but this is the first observation of a homozygous deletion. This report shows that homozygosity for the 1559delT mutation of the TNSALP gene results in a severe lethal phenotype. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Periostitis Secondary to Prolonged Voriconazole Therapy in Lung Transplant RecipientsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 12 2009T. F. Wang We report five cases of possible drug-induced periostitis associated with long-term use of voriconazole therapy after lung transplantation (LT). The diagnosis of periostitis was made by the documentation of bone pain, elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase and characteristic findings on radionuclide bone imaging in the absence of any identifiable rheumatologic disease. This periostitis appears similar to hypertrophic osteoarthopathy (HOA) but does not meet all criteria for HOA. In all patients, the symptoms resolved rapidly after discontinuation of voriconazole therapy. Awareness of this potential syndrome, which manifests as bone pain, elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and a bone scan suggestive of periostitis, is necessary in LT recipients on long-term voriconazole. [source] Identification of Urinary Biomarkers Useful for Distinguishing a Difference in Mechanism of Toxicity in Rat Model of CholestasisBASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY, Issue 3 2009Kenji Ishihara To inhibit biliary secretion of bile, cyclosporine A was administered to male Sprague,Dawley rats. Obstruction of bile flow was induced by administration of 4,4,-methylene dianiline, ,-naphthylisothiocyanate or bile duct ligation. Clinical pathological and histopathological examinations were performed to confirm cholestatic injury and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data for urine samples were analysed to determine similarities and differences in profiles of metabolites using the Spotfire®. In cyclosporine A-treated groups, serum total bilirubin and bile acid were significantly increased but no remarkable hepatic histopathological-changes were observed. In 4,4,-methylene dianiline-, ,-naphthylisothiocyanate- and bile duct ligation-treated groups, serum alkaline phosphatase, ,-glutamyltranspeptidase and total bilirubin levels increased significantly, and hepatic histopathological-changes were observed. On urinary 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analysis, area intensities derived from 0.66 to 1.90 ppm were decreased by cyclosporine A, whereas they were increased by other treatments. These metabolites were identified using the NMR suite® as bile acids, branched-chain amino acids, n-butyrate, propionate, methyl malonate and valerate. These metabolites were further investigated by K-means clustering analysis. The cluster of these metabolites is considered to be altered by cholestasis. We conclude that bile acids, valine and methyl malonate have a possibility to be urinary cholestatic biomarkers, which distinguish a difference in mechanism of toxicity. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance metabonomics thus appears to be useful for determining the mechanisms of toxicity and can be front-loaded in drug safety evaluation and biomarker discovery. [source] Prognostic model to predict outcomes in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients treated with gefitinib as a salvage treatmentCANCER, Issue 7 2009Min Jae Park MD Abstract BACKGROUND: A prognostic model based on clinical parameters for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with gefitinib (250 mg/day) as a salvage therapy was devised. METHODS: Clinical data regarding a total of 316 metastatic or recurrent NSCLC patients who were treated with gefitinib were analyzed. RESULTS: Poor prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) by multivariate analysis were an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 2 to 3 (hazards ratio [HR] of 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57-2.73 [P < .001]), the presence of intra-abdominal metastasis (HR of 1.76; 95% CI, 1.33-2.34 [P < .001]), elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (HR of 1.50; 95% CI, 1.13-2.00 [P = .005]), time interval from diagnosis to gefitinib therapy of ,12 months (HR of 1.48; 95% CI, 1.12-1.95 [P = .005]), low serum albumin (HR of 1.45; 95% CI, 1.09-1.92 [P = .009]), progression-free interval for previous chemotherapy of ,12 weeks (HR of 1.40; 95% CI, 1.0-1.84 [P = .015]), white blood cell >10,000/,L (HR of 1.38; 95% CI, 1.02-1.85 [P = .032]), and ever-smoker (HR of 1.33; 95% CI, 1.02-1.75 [P = .033]). Of the 272 patients applicable to this prognostic model, 41 patients (15%) were categorized as a good prognosis group (0-1 risk factors), 100 patients (37%) as an intermediate prognosis group (2-3 risk factors), 81 patients (30%) as a poor prognosis group (4-5 risk factors), and 50 patients (16%) as a very poor prognosis group (,6 risk factors). The median OS from the time of gefitinib treatment for the good, intermediate, poor, and very poor prognosis groups were 18.0 months, 11.2 months, 4.0 months, and 1.3 months, respectively (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: This prognostic model based on easily available clinical variables would be useful to identify patients who might derive more benefit from gefitinib treatment and to make decisions in clinical practice. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society. [source] Effects of therapeutic and toxic doses of levamisole on thyroid hormones and some biochemical parameters in sheepCELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION, Issue 5 2004Ahmet Atessahin Abstract This study was carried out to establish the effects of therapeutic and toxic doses of levamisole on thyroid hormone levels and some biochemical parameters in sheep. Twelve Akkaraman ewes were used. Levamisole was given orally at doses of 7.5,mg,kg,1 (group 1) and 40,mg,kg,1 (group 2) to the animals. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein at 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, 96 and 144,h after the administrations. Serum thyroid hormones and some biochemical parameters were determined on these samples. When compared with the control levels, no significant changes were observed in triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4) levels in group 1. Although levamisole was found to increase the levels of total T3, it decreased the levels of total T4 in group 2. On the other hand, free T3 and free T4 levels were not changed in either group. While serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were decreased, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatinine kinase (CK) activities were increased significantly by levamisole. However, it increased the serum albumin and cholesterol levels, but decreased the inorganic phosphate levels in groups 1 and 2. On the other hand, when compared with the control levels, no significant changes were detected in serum sodium, potassium and calcium levels. In conclusion, therapeutic and toxic doses of levamisole were determined to affect thyroid metabolism and some biochemical parameters in sheep. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||