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Self-care Practices (self-care + practice)
Selected AbstractsModel test of the relationship between self-help-promoting nursing interventions and self-care and health status outcomesRESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH, Issue 2 2004Grace J. Kreulen Abstract In this study of a nursing intervention outcomes model was tested. Path analysis techniques were used to examine predicted relationships between self-help-promoting interventions and patient outcomes of self-care practice and client morbidity at three times. A sample of 307 women receiving medical treatment for breast cancer provided data for the study. The average participant was White, middle-aged, married, educated, and in stage I or stage II disease. Findings support the hypothesized model linking these nursing interventions directly to self-care outcomes and self-care to client morbidity outcomes. Client factors of age, social network size, disease stage, receipt of chemotherapy, resourcefulness, and uncertainty significantly influenced predicted relationships. Examination of specific patterns of relationships for the sample revealed delayed behavioral responses to the interventions, variability in predictors of each outcome at the three measurement times and a more strongly predictive model when patient outcomes were considered within the context of client factors. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 27:97,109, 2004 [source] Practice nurses' role and knowledge about diabetes management within rural and remote Australian general practicesEUROPEAN DIABETES NURSING, Issue 2 2010District Nurse, MRCNA, R Livingston RN Abstract Background: The increasing prevalence of diabetes and obesity represents a significant disease burden in Australia. Practice nurses (PNs) play an important role in diabetes education and management. Aim: To explore PNs' roles, knowledge and beliefs about diabetes education and management in rural and remote general practice in Australia. Method: Exploratory study undertaken in three phases: 1) Pilot study to test the performance of the questionnaire; 2) One-shot cross-sectional survey using self-complete questionnaires; 3) Individual interviews. Results: Ten PNs completed the pilot test; the draft questionnaire was deemed appropriate to the study purpose. Then, 65 questionnaires were distributed to PNs and 21 responded. Fourteen respondents had worked in the role <5 years, and most PNs attended diabetes education programmes in their workplace. A minority (40%) used diabetes management guidelines regularly. Most knew obesity to be the most common risk factor for diabetes but only 50% knew that glycosylated haemoglobin indicates blood glucose levels over the preceding three months. Self-reported competency to assess patients' self-care practices and medication management practices varied. Conclusion: PNs' diabetes management was self-reported; their knowledge varied and their perceived benefits of diabetes education differed from those of patients. Copyright © 2010 FEND [source] Reports of information and support needs of daughters and sisters of women with breast cancerEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER CARE, Issue 1 2003ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR , K. CHALMERS RN, MSC(A) The aim of this study was to describe the information and support needs of women who have primary relatives with breast cancer. The Information and Support Needs Questionnaire (ISNQ) was developed and revised from previous qualitative and pilot studies. The ISNQ addressed concepts of the importance of, and the degree to which, 29 information and support needs related to breast cancer had been met. The study sample consisted of 261 community-residing women who had mothers, sisters, or a mother and sister(s) with breast cancer. Data were collected using a mailed survey. In addition to the ISNQ, additional items addressed family and health history, breast self-care practices, perception of the impact of the relative's breast cancer and other variables. Also included were established and well-validated measures of anxiety and depression. The findings document women's priority information and support needs. The information need most frequently identified as very important was information about personal risk of breast cancer. Other highly rated needs addressed risk factors for breast cancer and early detection measures. Generally, the women perceived that their information and support needs were not well met. These findings illuminate needs of women for more information and support when they have close family relatives with breast cancer and opportunities for primary care providers to assist women in addressing their needs. [source] Investing time in health: do socioeconomically disadvantaged patients spend more or less extra time on diabetes self-care?HEALTH ECONOMICS, Issue 6 2009Susan L. Ettner Abstract Background: Research on self-care for chronic disease has not examined time requirements. Translating Research into Action for Diabetes (TRIAD), a multi-site study of managed care patients with diabetes, is among the first to assess self-care time. Objective: To examine associations between socioeconomic position and extra time patients spend on foot care, shopping/cooking, and exercise due to diabetes. Data: Eleven thousand nine hundred and twenty-seven patient surveys from 2000 to 2001. Methods: Bayesian two-part models were used to estimate associations of self-reported extra time spent on self-care with race/ethnicity, education, and income, controlling for demographic and clinical characteristics. Results: Proportions of patients spending no extra time on foot care, shopping/cooking, and exercise were, respectively, 37, 52, and 31%. Extra time spent on foot care and shopping/cooking was greater among racial/ethnic minorities, less-educated and lower-income patients. For example, African-Americans were about 10 percentage points more likely to report spending extra time on foot care than whites and extra time spent was about 3,min more per day. Discussion: Extra time spent on self-care was greater for socioeconomically disadvantaged patients than for advantaged patients, perhaps because their perceived opportunity cost of time is lower or they cannot afford substitutes. Our findings suggest that poorly controlled diabetes risk factors among disadvantaged populations may not be attributable to self-care practices. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Oral health status in relation to ethnicity of children in the Municipality of Copenhagen, DenmarkINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 3 2003A. Sundby Summary. Approximately 25% of children under the age of 18 in the Municipality of Copenhagen have a non-Danish ethnic background, and it is suspected that there may be major inequalities in oral health as a result. Objectives. The objectives of this study were to describe the occurrence of dental caries in different ethnic minorities, and to analyse whether the dental caries experience of the children may be affected by cultural and behavioural differences. Materials and methods. The study was conducted in Copenhagen as a cross-sectional investigation of 794 children, aged 3 and 5 years old (preschool), 7 years old (Grade 1) and 15 years old (Grade 9). Children of Danish, Turkish, Pakistani, Albanian, Somali and Arabian backgrounds were selected by convenience sampling. Epidemiological data were retrieved from the Danish Recording System for the Public Dental Health Services (SCOR) and sociological data were collected by postal questionnaires. Results. Marked differences in dental caries prevalence were observed when different ethnic minorities were compared to Danish children. These were most prominent for the primary dentition. At age 7, 53% of the Danish and 84% of the Albanian children were affected by dental caries, the mean caries experience was 3·5 dmfs (decayed, missed and filled surfaces) and 13·8 dmfs, respectively. Caries in incisors and/or smooth surfaces was observed in 10% of the Danish children and 48% of the Albanian children. There were cultural differences in dental attendance and self-care practices of children and parents. These socio-behavioural factors may help to explain the differences in dental caries prevalence and severity. Conclusions. Development of appropriate oral health promotion strategies is urgently needed to improve oral health behaviour and attitudes of parents and children of ethnic minorities. Preventive programs should be organized at local community level in close collaboration with key persons of ethnic minority societies. [source] Gender differences in the factors related to physical activity among adults with diabetesNURSING & HEALTH SCIENCES, Issue 4 2000CCRNArticle first published online: 25 MAR 200, Ramesh B. Navuluri MSC(AGRI) Abstract A descriptive correlational study was conducted to determine the gender differences in the relationship between health-related hardiness, patient attitude toward compliance, and self-care adherence to physical activity among 155 adults with diabetes. The two subcomponents of health-related hardiness, control and commitment/challenge, were included as separate variables. The correlations between commitment/challenge and self-care adherence to physical activity, and between total health-related hardiness and self-care adherence to physical activity, were significant among men (n = 52). The correlation between patient attitude toward compliance and self-care adherence to physical activity was significant among women (n = 103). Clinically, when compliance with self-care adherence to physical activity is the goal, a male patient may need hardiness instructions, while a female patient may need interventions to promote attitude toward compliance. Future research may include studying the relationships between other self-care practices such as diet management, medication compliance, and glucose monitoring and the variables of health-related hardiness and patient attitude toward compliance, which may help health-care professionals in appropriate care planning aimed at promoting self-management of diabetes. [source] Measuring blood pressure knowledge and self-care behaviors of African AmericansRESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH, Issue 6 2008Rosalind M. Peters Abstract The purpose of this study was to develop and conduct preliminary psychometric assessment of instruments measuring knowledge and self-care practices regarding behaviors needed for blood pressure (BP) control among African Americans. Items were empirically derived and scored on a 7-point, bipolar scale. The instruments were evaluated in a sample of 306 community-dwelling African Americans. Results revealed acceptable reliability and validity of the BP Knowledge Scale. Results for the BP Self-Care Scale were mixed. A structural equation model of these scales, recorded BP, and covariates fit well. There was an unexpected positive correlation between self-care and BP suggesting a potential bi-directional relationship. The scales demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties and, with minor revisions, may have clinical utility as measures of BP knowledge and self-care. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 31:543,552, 2008 [source] | ||||||||||