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Second Species (second + species)
Selected AbstractsSecond species in the Australian ant genus Peronomyrmex Viehmeyer (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 2 2002Steven O Shattuck Abstract A second species of the rare Australian ant genus Peronomyrmex is described from Victoria. This new species, P. bartoni, represents only the third time the genus has been collected, the previous records being the holotype of P. overbecki Viehmeyer from north-eastern New South Wales and a collection, subsequently lost, from northern Queensland. [source] Time evolution of cholesteric fingers of the second species in an electric fieldCRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 12 2009S. Pirkl Abstract Different growth modes of isolated cholesteric fingers of the second species (CF-2) in an electric field at voltages near a coexistence line (V2) between cholesteric and nematic mesophases are in detail described. Videomicroscopy and computer image analysis were used for investigation of the pattern in polarized light. It is shown how a drift, a lengthening and a shape of fingers depend on the voltage at which the growth sets in and three typical scenarios are distinguished. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] A Taxonomic Study of Immature Stage in Three Species of the Genus Protaetia Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea, Cetoniidae) from KoreaENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH, Issue 4 2003Mi Ae KIM ABSTRACT ABSTRACT The third instar larvae of Korean Protaetia spp., P. brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe), 1886, P. orientalis submarmorea (Burmeister), 1842, and P. mandschuriensis (Schürhoff), 1933, are described. The larva of the second species is the first record in this genus. A taxonomic key, descriptions, and illustrations of the three species are provided. [source] De Liliifloris Notulae 8.FEDDES REPERTORIUM, Issue 3-4 2010Two new Massonia species (Hyacinthaceae) from South Africa Abstract A re-investigation of the Stockholm paratype of Massonia tenellaSoland. ex Baker 1871, Drège 3509 (K, S!) from Witbergen (,3027CA, Lady Grey) in the Eastern Cape in combination with the study of a living seedling leaf from a second locality confirmed our cautious earlier suggestion (U. & D. Müller-Doblies 1997) that it is a new species. Massonia wittebergensis U.Müll.-Doblies & D.Müll.-Doblies has a unique leaf indument in Massonieae of laterally compressed curved emergences in Drège's herbarium specimen. Living emergences of a seedling leaf are less laterally compressed. Living and herbarium emergences share a further unique detail: the rounded tip is uneven with projecting cells. As to the distribution, M. tenella is only known from the Bokkeveld escarpment (Western Cape, Baker 1897), whereas M. wittebergensis occurs in the Drakensberge eight degrees longitude further east in the Eastern Cape. As to the second species treated here, a closer investigation of a leaf and a withered fresh inflorescence showed that it is a new species too: Masso- nia sempervirens U.Müll.-Doblies, G.Milkuhn & D.Müll.-Doblies. The retired horticulturist, Gottfried Milkuhn (Dresden), had received this enigmatic remarkable evergreen Massonia species in 2007 from a Dutch succulent grower as "Whiteheadia jasminiflora " from Prince Albert (Western Cape) (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] A new Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous) coleoid (Cephalopoda) from Hâdjoula, LebanonFOSSIL RECORD-MITTEILUNGEN AUS DEM MUSEUM FUER NATURKUNDE, Issue 2 2009Dirk Fuchs Abstract A new vampyropod coleoid from the late Cenomanian limestones of Hâdjoula (north-west Lebanon) is described. Glyphiteuthis abisaadiorum n. sp. is classified as a representative of the Trachyteuthididae, mainly on the basis of its general gladius morphology. It represents the fourth species of its genus and the second species of its genus recorded from Hâdjoula. Glyphiteuthis abisaadiorum n. sp. differs from Glyphiteuthis libanotica in having a more slender gladius. Additionally, the arms are considerably longer in Glyphiteuthis abisaadiorum n. sp. than in Glyphiteuthis libanotica. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Competitive dynamics in two- and three-component intercropsJOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, Issue 3 2007METTE KLINDT ANDERSEN Summary 1Intercropping is receiving increasing attention because it offers potential advantages for resource utilization, decreased inputs and increased sustainability in crop production, but our understanding of the interactions among intercropped species is still very limited. 2We grew pea Pisum sativum, barley Hordeum vulgare and rape Brassica napus as sole crops and intercrops under field conditions using a replacement design. We collected total dry matter data from sequential harvests and fitted the data to a logistic growth model. At each harvest we estimated the relative Competitive Strength (CS) of the three crops by fitting the data to a simple interspecific competition model. 3The pea monocrop produced the largest amount of biomass from the middle to the end of the growth period, but pea was not dominant in intercrops. 4Fitting data to a logistic growth model emphasizes the importance of initial size differences for interactions among intercrops. Barley was the dominant component of the intercrops largely because of its initial size advantage. The competitive effect of barley on its companion crops, measured as CS, increased throughout most of the growing season. 5The performance of each crop species was very different when it grew with a second species rather than in monoculture, but addition of a third crop species had only minor effects on behaviour of the individual crops. 6Synthesis and applications. Including sequential harvests in experiments on intercropping can provide important information about how competitive hierarchies are established and change over time. Our results suggest that increased understanding of the role of asymmetric competition among species and the resulting advantages of early germination and seedling emergence would be valuable in designing intercrops. More focus on understanding the mechanisms that govern interactions between intercropped species is needed for designing optimized intercropping systems. [source] MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF DISCOSPORANGIUM MESARTHROCARPUM (PHAEOPHYCEAE) WITH A REINSTATEMENT OF THE ORDER DISCOSPORANGIALES,JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 1 2007Hiroshi Kawai A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the little-studied filamentous brown alga Discosporangium mesarthrocarpum (Meneghini) Hauck using rbcL and partial 18S rDNA sequences revealed that the species forms a monophyletic clade with Choristocarpus tenellus (Kütz.) Zanardini that is sister to all other brown algae. Although D. mesarthrocarpum has unique disk-shaped plurilocular reproductive organs, D. mesarthrocarpum and C. tenellus share the following basic morphological features, which are considered to be plesiomorphic characters in the brown algae: (1) apical (and diffuse) growth; (2) uniseriate, subdichotomously branched filaments; (3) multiple chloroplasts per cell without pyrenoids; and (4) lack of heterotrichy and of phaeophycean hairs. The rbcL DNA sequence of an Australian D. mesarthrocarpum specimen showed considerable deviation from Mediterranean and Macaronesian specimens. Therefore, the presence of a second species in the genus is suggested; however, the taxonomic treatment of this putative species is not pursued in the present report. Regarding the higher-ranking systematic position of D. mesarthrocarpum, reinstatement of Discosporangiaceae and Discosporangiales is proposed, and the inclusion of Choristocarpaceae in the order is also suggested. Under short-day and long-day culture conditions at 15°C,25°C, Mediterranean D. mesarthrocarpum exhibited a direct type of life history, with a succession of uniseriate filamentous thalli bearing characteristic disk-shaped plurilocular zoidangia, but thalli did not survive at 10°C and below. [source] PERMANENT GENETIC RESOURCES: Microsatellite markers for the threatened Bliss Rapids snail (Taylorconcha serpenticola) and cross-amplification in its congener, T. insperataMOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 2 2008H. -P. Abstract We developed and tested microsatellite markers to investigate population structure of a threatened North American freshwater gastropod, Taylorconcha serpenticola. Of the 21 primer pairs that were evaluated, 11 were readily optimized and scored, providing amplification of 12 loci that were screened for 820 specimens from 29 populations. The number of alleles across 11 of these polymorphic loci ranged from three to 20 and the observed heterozygosity varied from 0.0061 to 0.7561. All loci yielded suitable amplification products in the second species of Taylorconcha (T. insperata) and three proved to be diagnostic for these congeners, demonstrating that these markers are also useful for species identification studies. [source] Thalassiocyclus pankensis sp. nov., a new diatom from the Panke Swamp, northern Japan (Bacillariophyta)PHYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2008Hiroyuki Tanaka SUMMARY Thalassiocyclus pankensis sp. nov. is described from Panke Swamp (Panke-numa) located in Horonobe Town, Hokkaido, northern Japan. The species is characterized by a strong transversely undulate central area of the valve face with one to three fultoportulae on the elevated part and one fultoportula on the depressed part. The external valve face has costate radial interfascicles and very wide fascicles on the marginal area. Thickened openings of mantle fultoportulae are located at the end of interfascicles with roofed board spines. The cingulum consists of five bands. The new species is compared to the only other species belonging to genus Thalassiocyclus, T. lucens (Hustedt) Håkansson & Mahood. Thalassiocyclus pankensis is the second species in the genus Thalassiocyclus and also the first report of a Thalassiocyclus species in Japan. [source] Electron microscopy of InGaN nanopillars spontaneously grown on Si(111) substratesPHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (C) - CURRENT TOPICS IN SOLID STATE PHYSICS, Issue 5 2010Th. Kehagias Abstract The mopholological, structural and chemical properties of InxGa1,xN nanopillars directly grown on Si (111) substrates, by molecular beam epitaxy, were investigated employing transmission electron microscopy related techniques. Single crystalline, single phase nanopillars were observed exhibiting a low density of crystal defects, which contribute to good crystal quality. Initial nanostructures merge through subgrain boundaries to form final nanopillars. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis revealed a very low InN mole fraction near the interface with the substrate, owing to high desorption rates from the elevated growth temperature, and gradually higher In incorporation rates near the tips of the nanopillars. This compositional fluctuation is maintained due to poor segregation of indium adatoms along the c-axis of the nanopillars towards the Si interface. A second species of long and narrow nanopillars was found In-free. (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Flight activity of three Spodoptera spp., Spodoptera litura, S. exigua and S. depravata, measured by flight actographPHYSIOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 2 2000Osamu Saito Summary Flight activities of three Spodoptera species were measured by the aid of flight actograph: S. litura and S. exuiga being regarded as long-distance migratory insects, and S. depravata being non-migratory and diapause-inducible species. In all species tested, flight activities were observed only in scotophase, males showed far higher activities than females, being several times higher at the time of maximum flight activity, which was observed within 2 days after adult eclosion. Total flight activity in males was highest in S. litura, some being flyable even 12 days after eclosion, followed by S. exigua being one-third compared to the former species, while in S. depravata flight activity was nearly half of that of the second species and most ceased to fly within a week after eclosion. There occurred species-specific daily rhythms in flight activity during respective scotophase. In S. litura, both females and males exhibited a peak of flight activity shortly after light-off and exhibited the second flight activity in late scotophase, the females slightly but the males more actively compared to early scotophase. In S. exigua, both sexes did not respond to light-off, did not show a peak of flight activity in early scotophase, whereas males, but not females prominently increased activity toward the end of scotophase. In S. depravata, both sexes exhibited a peak of flight activity in early scotophase, and the males revived flight activity, being maximum shortly before light-on, but the females did not show a clear rhythm in flight activity. These features observed in flight activity were discussed in relation with migratory capability. [source] Courtship dances in the flies of the genus lispe (Diptera: Muscidae): From the fly's viewpointARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2006Leonid Frantsevich Abstract Two predatory fly species, Lispe consanguinea Loew, 1858 and L. tentaculata DeGeer, 1776, inhabit the supralittoral zone at the shore of a fresh-water reservoir. Both species look alike and possess similar "badges," reflective concave silvery scales on the face. Flies occupy different lek habitats. Males of the first species patrol the bare wet sand on the beach just above the surf. Males of the second species reside on the more textured heaps of algae and stones. Courtship and aggressive behaviour of males was video-recorded and analysed frame by frame. Visual stimuli provided by the conspecific partner were computed in the body-fixed space of a fly observer. Males of L. consanguinea perform long pedestrian dances of pendulating circular arcs (frequency 2 s,1, median radius 2.5 cm, linear velocity 0.130 m/s). Right and left side runs are equally probable. Circular runs are interrupted by standby intervals of average duration 0.35 s. The female views the male as a target covering 2 by 2 ommatidia, moving abruptly with the angular velocity over 200 °/s in a horizontal direction down the path of about 50° till the next standpoint. Dancing is evenly distributed around the female. On the contrary, the male fixates the image of the female within the narrow front sector (median ±10°); the target in his view has 6,7 times less angular velocity and angular span of oscillations, and its image in profile overlays 6,8 by 2 ommatidia. If the female walks, the male combines tracking with voluntary circular dances. Rival males circle about one another at a distance shorter than 15 mm, but not in close contact. Males of L. tentaculata are capable of similar circular courting dances, but do so rarely. Usually they try to mount any partner immediately. In the latter species, male combat consists of fierce wrestling. Flies of both species often walk sideward and observe the partner not in front but at the side. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 62:26,42, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Second species in the Australian ant genus Peronomyrmex Viehmeyer (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 2 2002Steven O Shattuck Abstract A second species of the rare Australian ant genus Peronomyrmex is described from Victoria. This new species, P. bartoni, represents only the third time the genus has been collected, the previous records being the holotype of P. overbecki Viehmeyer from north-eastern New South Wales and a collection, subsequently lost, from northern Queensland. [source] The stomatal apparatus of Lycopodium japonicum and its bearing on the stomata of the Devonian lycophyte Drepanophycus spinaeformisBOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Issue 2 2005TONG-XING SUN The structure of the stomatal apparatus of the leaf of Lycopodium japonicum Thumb was studied using epidermal macerations, sections and scanning electron microscopy. The stomatal apparatus of L. japonicum consists of two large guard cells and pore, and is anomocytic. Based on light microscopy, the impression from epidermal macerations that there were two small guard cells surrounded by two, large, similarly shaped, subsidiary cells (paracytic) derives from a pronounced elliptical cuticular ledge on the surface of the guard cells surrounding a thickened circumporal area. A similar appearance is characteristic of cuticle preparations of the Devonian lycophyte Drepanophycus spinaeformis Göppert. We therefore conclude, as did W.H. Lang over 70 years ago, that the stomata of the early lycophyte were also anomocytic, as were those of a second species of Drepanophycus, D. qujingensis Li & Edwards. © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2005, 149, 209,216. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||