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Sex Hormone Levels (sex + hormone_level)
Selected AbstractsCIRCULATING SEX HORMONE LEVELS AND AORTIC STIFFNESS IN MENJOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 4 2007Hamid Reza Nakhai Pour MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] Endogenous sex hormones, prolactin and mammographic density in postmenopausal Norwegian womenINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Issue 11 2007Yngve Bremnes Abstract The associations between endogenous sex hormone levels and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women are well established. Mammographic density is a strong risk factor for breast cancer, and possibly an intermediate marker. However, the results from studies on the associations between endogenous sex hormones and mammographic density are conflicting. The authors examined the associations between circulating levels of sex hormones, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and prolactin and mammographic densities among postmenopausal women not currently using postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT). The authors also examined if insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels influenced the association between estrogen and mammographic density. Altogether, 722 postmenopausal participants in the Norwegian governmental mammographic screening program had endogenous hormone concentrations measured. Mammograms were classified according to percent and absolute mammographic density using a previously validated computer-assisted method. After adjustment for age, number of children, age at menopause, body mass index and HT use, both plasma concentrations of SHBG (p -trend = 0.003) and estrone (p -trend = 0.07) were positively associated with percent mammographic density. When the analyses were stratified according to median IGF-I concentration, the weak association between estrone and mammographic density was strengthened among women with IGF-I levels below median, while the association disappeared among women with over median IGF-I levels (p for interaction = 0.02). In summary, the authors found a positive association between plasma SHBG levels and mammographic densities among 722 postmenopausal Norwegian women not currently using HT. Further, the authors found a positive but weak association between plasma estrone concentration and mammographic density, which appeared to be modified by IGF-I levels. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Herba Epimedii water extract elevates estrogen level and improves lipid metabolism in postmenopausal womenPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 9 2008Fang-Fang Yan Abstract Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can ameliorate lipid metabolism after menopause, but it is not suitable for long-term use because of serious side effects. Herba Epimedii is a widely used herbal medicine in many Asian countries, it potentially treats menopausal syndrome and its complications with few side effects and good curative effects. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of Herba Epimedii water extract on blood lipid and sex hormone levels. Ninety subjects were randomly divided into two groups: a trial group which received Herba Epimedii water extract and a control group which was administered an equal amount of water placebo. At the baseline and after 6 months of medication, serum estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), testosterone (T), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations were measured. The results indicated that Herba Epimedii water extract decreased the TC and TG levels (p < 0.01). Furthermore, Herba Epimedii water extract significantly increased the serum level of E2 (p < 0.01) compared with the pre-treatment level. In conclusion, Herba Epimedii water extract produces its beneficial actions in postmenopausal women. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Alterations of oestradiol, testosterone, gonadotrophins and SHBG by type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal womenPRACTICAL DIABETES INTERNATIONAL (INCORPORATING CARDIABETES), Issue 9 2007Clinical implications for the incidence of breast cancer, cardiovascular risk in diabetic women? Abstract Sex hormones influence cardiovascular risk and bone mineral density. Total oestradiol is increased in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes, whereas its impact on androgens, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and gonadotrophins in postmenopausal women is not so clearly understood. This study aims to clarify the impact of type 2 diabetes on sex hormone levels in Caucasian postmenopausal women. Type 2 diabetic (n=42) and non-diabetic (n=45) postmenopausal women were recruited. Venous blood samples were drawn and assayed for total oestradiol, total testosterone, luteinising hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and SHBG. Ratio of total testosterone to SHBG was used as an index of free testosterone (FT). Total oestradiol and FT were significantly higher in diabetic subjects compared to controls, oestradiol median: 59.5(25th,75th centiles: 41.5,74.5) vs 42.5(37.0,59.8)pmol/L, p=0.009 Mann-Whitney test; and FT: 0.038(0.021,0.070) vs 0.022(0.012,0.036), p=0.003. SHBG, FSH and LH were lower in diabetic subjects compared to controls, SHBG: 32(23.3,47.3) vs 55(37,70)nmol/L, p<0.001; FSH: 54.8(42.2,68.7) vs 71.8(55.9,98.9)iu/L, p=0.001; and LH: 27.9(20.6,39.7) vs 39.2(30.9,48.1)iu/L, p=0.011, but total testosterone was not different. The differences in oestradiol, SHBG and FSH remained when subjects were matched for BMI and age (n=29). Preliminary sub-group analysis suggests that these differences may be influenced by form of diabetic therapy and glycaemic control. Type 2 diabetes is associated with altered levels of total oestradiol, FT, SHBG, FSH, LH, in postmenopausal women. However, further research is required to determine the impact of diabetic therapy and glycaemic control, and also the clinical relevance of these alterations. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons. [source] ORIGINAL RESEARCH,ENDOCRINOLOGY: Evaluation of the Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Testosterone Levels in Adult MenTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 6 2009Graziele Halmenschlager MS ABSTRACT Introduction., Cigarette smoking is highly prevalent among men. Many studies have evaluated the effect of cigarette smoking on levels of male reproductive hormones; however, the findings still remain controversial. Aim., To evaluate the influence of cigarette smoking on serum levels of total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), bioavailable testosterone (BT), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Methods., A total of 255 men (90 smokers and 165 nonsmokers), aged 30 to 70 years, were investigated. Weight and height were obtained and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Also, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured and waist-to-hip ratio was obtained. Fasting blood samples were drawn for determination of plasmatic glucose levels and serum levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides, albumin, prolactin, TT, SHBG, LH, and FSH. The values of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) were determined by Friedwald equation and the values of FT and BT were calculated from TT, SHBG, and albumin. Statistical significance was set at P , 0.05. Main Outcome Measures., The influence of smoking on levels of TT, FT, and BT. Results., No significant difference was observed in the mean values of TT (P = 0.580), FT (P = 0.869), BT (P = 0.933), SHBG (P = 0.279), LH (P = 0.573), and FSH (P = 0.693) in the different levels of pack-years when compared to nonsmokers. Moreover, after multivariate logistic regression, no association between increased pack-years of smoking and increased odds ratio for occurrence of low hormones and SHBG levels was observed. Conclusion., In this study, smokers and nonsmokers had similar mean values of androgens, gonadotropins and SHBG. However, it is necessary to standardize pack-years of smoking in order to elucidate the influence of cigarette smoking on sex hormone levels, as well as to minimize differences among studies and to confirm our results. Halmenschlager G, Rossetto S, Lara GM, and Rhoden EL. Evaluation of the effects of cigarette smoking on testosterone levels in adult men. J Sex Med 2009;6:1763,1772. [source] Influence of ageing and some lifestyle factors on male gonadal function: a study in BulgariaANDROLOGIA, Issue 4 2007P. Kumanov Summary There are few systematic studies on the relationship between blood testosterone concentrations and the symptoms of androgen deficiency in ageing males. To assess the changes in sex hormone levels with age in relation with some lifestyle factors, the serum levels of total testosterone (TT), sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG), luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured in 33 men, age range 40,89 years. In addition, free testosterone (FT) and the free androgen index (FAI) were calculated. Seventeen healthy men under 40 years were involved as controls. The men over 40 years revealed significantly decreased TT, FT and FAI, and in the subgroup of men over 60 years, FSH and SHBG were significantly increased. Pearson's analysis showed that TT levels were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r = ,0.464, P < 0.01) and body weight (r = ,0.413, P < 0.05). SHBG levels were significantly correlated not only with age (r = +0.407, P < 0.05), but also with LH (r = +0.605, P < 0.001) and alcohol consumption (r = +0.382, P < 0.05). In conclusion, the TT, FT and FAI decreased in males over 40 years, but the alterations in hormone levels with age are more pronounced in men over 60 years. The important determinants of sex hormones are age, BMI and some lifestyle factors. [source] Relationship between caffeine intake and plasma sex hormone concentrations in premenopausal and postmenopausal womenCANCER, Issue 12 2009Joanne Kotsopoulos PhD Abstract BACKGROUND: Circulating estrogens and androgens are important factors in the development of various female cancers. Caffeine intake may decrease risk of breast and ovarian cancer, although the data are not entirely consistent. Whether or not caffeine affects cancer risk by altering sex hormone levels is currently unknown. METHODS: We examined the relationship of caffeine, coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and tea with plasma concentrations of estrogens, androgens, progesterone, prolactin, and sex hormone,binding globulin (SHBG) in 524 premenopausal and 713 postmenopausal women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII. RESULTS: In premenopausal women, caffeine intake was inversely associated with luteal total and free estradiol, and positively associated with luteal progesterone levels (P -trend = .02, .01, .03, respectively). Coffee intake was significantly associated with lower luteal total and free estradiol levels, but not luteal progesterone levels (P -trend = .007, .004, .20, respectively). Among the postmenopausal women, there was a positive association between caffeine and coffee intake and SHBG levels (P -trend = .03 and .06, respectively). No significant associations were detected with the other hormones. CONCLUSIONS: Data from this cross-sectional study suggest that caffeine may alter circulating levels of luteal estrogens and SHBG, representing possible mechanisms by which coffee or caffeine may be associated with pre- and postmenopausal malignancies, respectively. Future studies evaluating how caffeine-mediated alterations in sex hormones and binding protein levels affect the risk of female cancers are warranted. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society. [source] | ||||||||||