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Septic Arthritis (septic + arthritis)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	85%

Distribution within Medical Sciences

Pediatrics	24%
Dermatology	11%
Surgery & Surgical Specialties	8%

Selected Abstracts

OBTURATOR INTERNUS PYOMYOSITIS: A DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS FOR SEPTIC ARTHRITIS OF THE HIP

JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 9-10 2005
Shobha Iyer MBBS
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

What is the likelihood that Thoroughbred foals treated for septic arthritis will race?

EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 5 2004
L. J. SMITH
Summary Reasons for performing study: Septic arthritis is a serious problem in the neonate, with a poor prognosis being reported for recovery. The impact of neonatal septic arthritis on the likelihood that Thoroughbred (TB) foals will start on a racecourse is not known. Hypothesis: The development of septic arthritis in a TB foal significantly reduces the likelihood that it will race when compared to foals from the same dam. Methods: Medical records of 69 foals treated for septic arthritis were reviewed. The dam's foaling records were reviewed and lifetime racing records were then retrieved for both the affected foals and at least one of their siblings (controls). Outcomes that were statistically evaluated included discharge from the hospital and whether the foal eventually raced. Univariate analyses of categorical variables were conducted for each outcome. The number of affected and unaffected foals that raced at least once were compared using regression analysis. Survival analysis was used to compare age at first race between the study and comparison groups. Results: Foals with septic arthritis were less likely to start on a racecourse compared to controls (odds ratio [OR] 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.12-0.62, P = 0.001), while those foals that were discharged from the hospital were also less likely to start on a racecourse compared to controls (OR 0.36; CI 0.15,0.83, P = 0.008). The presence of multisystem disease was associated with a decreased likelihood of surviving to be discharged (OR 0.13; 95% CI 0.02-0.90; P = 0.005), but did not affect the likelihood that they would start in at least one race if discharged successfully (OR 0.45; 95% CI 0.04-2.81; P = 0.34) compared to the other foals with septic arthritis. Log-rank comparison of survival curves confirmed that foals discharged following treatment for septic arthritis took significantly longer to start in their first race compared to the sibling population (mean age of study group 1757 days, CI 1604-1909; mean age of sibling group 1273 days, CI 1197-1349; P = 0.0006). Conclusions: The development of septic arthritis in a TB foal significantly reduces the likelihood that it will start on a racecourse when compared to controls. Potential relevance: Accurate figures allowing a realistic assessment of the athletic future of a foal following treatment for septic arthritis are of significance for both owner and treating veterinarian. [source]

Kynurenine inhibits chondrocyte proliferation and is increased in synovial fluid of patients with septic arthritis

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, Issue 11 2010
Tim T. Lögters
Abstract Kynurenine, the major degradation product of tryptophan has been shown to directly damage various tissues. Its potential contribution to septic arthritis is unknown. In this study, we analyzed the putative diagnostic value of kynurenine for bacterial joint infection and its potential harmful effects on cartilage. In a prospective study 41 patients with a joint effusion who had undergone arthrocentesis were included. Tryptophan and kynurenine levels from synovial fluid were quantified by HPLC. Diagnostic value of kynurenine was evaluated and its effects on the proliferation of the chondrocyte cell line ATDC5 were determined. Synovial fluid kynurenine values from patients with septic arthritis (4.1,±,0.8,µmol/L, n,=,9) were significantly increased compared to patients with non-infectious inflammatory arthropathy (1.8,±,0.2,µmol/L, n,=,17) or osteoarthritis (1.2,±,0.1,µmol/L, n,=,15, p,<,0.01). At a cut-off value of 2.28,µmol/L kynurenine had a sensitivity of 0.89 and a specificity of 0.87. Further, kynurenine inhibited chondrocyte (ATDC5) cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Septic arthritis is associated with significantly increased values of synovial kynurenine. Furthermore kynurenine inhibits proliferation of chondrocytes, which strongly suggests a pathophysiological effect of kynurenine on cartilage in inflammatory arthropathies. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:1490,1496, 2010 [source]

Septic arthritis in patients followed-up in neonatal intensive care unit

PEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2002
Sevki Kabak
Abstract Background: Septic arthritis is an uncommon, but serious disorder in neonates. Most patients survive with permanent handicaps. Due to the rarity of this condition in neonates and paucity of signs and symptoms, the diagnosis of septic arthritis in newborns is more difficult than in older children. Methods: Septic arthritis or suppurative arthritis is an infection of the joint by a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, mycobacteria and fungi. Purulent synovial fluid, positive culture and positive Gram stain were accepted as a gold standard for exact diagnosis. Fourteen neonates who were followed-up in a neonatal intensive care unit, with septic arthritis, were included in a study based on a review of medical reports and a long-term clinical and radiological follow-up. Clinical symptoms, bacteriology, risk factors and outcomes are discussed. Results: Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant causative organism. Risk factors for septic arthritis were prematurity (4/14), umbilical catheterization or venous catheterization (3/14), sepsis (3/14), perinatal asphyxia (2/14) and difficult birth (1/14). All cases of septic arthritis in neonates were improved without squealae except in two patients. One patient died and one patient had severe squealae. In these two patients, the duration of disease from clinical onset to initiation of therapy was long. Conclusion: The most important prognostic factor in predicting a favorable outcome in neonatal septic arthritis is early diagnosis and therapy. When appropriate treatment is delayed, catastrophic sequelae are inevitable. Early diagnosis of the condition and rapid removal of pus are mandatory for the survival of the joint. Long-term follow-up may reveal effects of epiphyseal damage, early degenerative changes and limitation of the range of motion. [source]

Septic arthritis of the hip: a rare complication of fistulizing Crohn's disease

COLORECTAL DISEASE, Issue 3 2009
R. Peravali
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

What is the likelihood that Thoroughbred foals treated for septic arthritis will race?

Microbial Toll-like receptor ligands differentially regulate CXCL10/IP-10 expression in fibroblasts and mononuclear leukocytes in synergy with IFN-, and provide a mechanism for enhanced synovial chemokine levels in septic arthritis

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 11 2003
Paul Proost
Abstract The CXC chemokine IFN-,-inducible protein-10 (IP-10/CXCL10) activates CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) and attracts activated T cells and natural killer cells. Peripheral blood mononuclearcells (PBMC) produce low but significant amounts of IP-10/CXCL10 protein upon stimulation with double-stranded (ds) RNA, the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ligand. IFN-, is a superior IP-10/CXCL10inducer. The bacterial TLR4 and TLR2 ligands, LPS and peptidoglycan (PGN), inhibit IFN-,- or dsRNA-dependent IP-10/CXCL10 production in PBMC, whereas IL-8/CXCL8 production was enhanced. In fibroblasts a different picture emerges with IFN-, inducing moderate and dsRNA provoking strong IP-10/CXCL10 production. Furthermore, treatment of fibroblasts with IFN-, in combination with bacterial LPS or PGN results in a synergistic production of IP-10/CXCL10 and IL-8/CXCL8. The synergistic induction of IP-10/CXCL10 in fibroblasts is reflected by significantly enhanced IP-10/CXCL10 concentrations in synovial fluids of septic compared to osteoarthritis patients to reach on average higher levels than those of IL-8/CXCL8. These high amounts of IP-10/CXCL10 produced by connective tissue fibroblasts not only attract CXCR3 expressing activated Th1 cells and natural killer cells to sites of infection but may also antagonize the CCR3 dependent attraction of Th2 lymphocytes and exert CXCR3-independent, defensin-like antibacterial activity. [source]

Orthopaedic surgery of haemophilia in the 21st century: an overview

HAEMOPHILIA, Issue 3 2002
E. C. RODRIGUEZ-MERCHAN
Close co-operation between haematologists, orthopaedic surgeons, rehabilitation physicians and physiotherapists is essential for obtaining satisfactory results after orthopaedic procedures that are performed on haemophilic patients. Although continuous prophylaxis could avoid the development of the orthopaedic complications of haemophilia that we still see in the 21st century, such a goal has not been achieved so far, not even in developed countries. Therefore, orthopaedic surgeons are still required to carry out many different surgical procedures, such as arthrocentesis, synoviorthesis, synovectomies, tendon lengthening, articular debridements, alignment osteotomies, joint arthroplasties, nerve releases, opening of compartment syndromes, removal of pseudotumours and osteosynthesis of fractures. Furthermore, the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus has meant that immunosuppressed patients in developed countries sometimes require an arthrotomy for the treatment of spontaneous septic arthritis, or the surgical drainage of a spontaneously infected haematoma (abscess). In addition, they have a high risk of postoperative infection after any surgical procedure, particularly a joint arthroplasty. [source]

The salvage of aneurysmal fistulae utilizing a modified buttonhole cannulation technique and multiple cannulators

HEMODIALYSIS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2 2006
Rosa M. MARTICORENA
Abstract We describe the St Michael's Hospital (SMH) modified buttonhole (BH) cannulation technique as a method that offers a solution for fistulae with aneurysmal dilatation due to repetitive cannulation in a restricted area. This is a prospective cohort study of 14 chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients with problematic fistulae (marked aneurysmal formation and thinning of the overlying skin, bleeding during treatment, and prolonged hemostasis post-HD) because of repetitive, localized cannulation. Each patient was followed for 12 months. The protocol was as follows: creation of tunnel tracks by 1 to 3 experienced cannulators per patient, using sharp needles. After the tunnel tracks were established and cannulation was easily achieved with dull needles, additional cannulators were incorporated with the guidance of a mentor. Bleeding from cannulation sites during dialysis ceased within 2 weeks and skin damage resolved within 6 months in all patients. Hemostasis time postdialysis decreased from 24 to 15 min. Cannulation pain scores decreased significantly. Access flows and dynamic venous pressure measurements remained unchanged. No interventions were required to maintain access patency. In 2 cases, the aneurysms became much less evident. Complications included one episode of septic arthritis and one contact dermatitis. A third patient developed acute bacterial endocarditis 9 months following completion of her follow-up. The SMH modified BH cannulation technique can salvage problematic fistulae, prevent further damage, and induce healing of the skin in the areas of repetitive cannulation. This technique can be successfully achieved by multiple cannulators in a busy full-care HD unit. [source]

Salmonella septic arthritis in a patient with Crohn's disease on infliximab

INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES, Issue 4 2010
Jean Y. Rim MD
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Antimicrobial Resistance and Aging: Beginning of the End of the Antibiotic Era?

JOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 2002
Thomas T. Yoshikawa MD
Throughout the history of mankind, infectious diseases have remained a major cause of death and disability. Although industrialized nations, such as the United States, have experienced significant reductions in infection-related mortality and morbidity since the beginning of the "antibiotic era," death and complications from infectious diseases remain a serious problem for older persons. Pneumonia is the major infection-related cause of death in older persons, and urinary tract infection is the most common bacterial infection seen in geriatric patients. Other serious and common infections in older people include intra-abdominal sepsis, bacterial meningitis, infective endocarditis, infected pressure ulcers, septic arthritis, tuberculosis, and herpes zoster. As a consequence, frequent prescribing of antibiotics for older patients is common practice. The large volume of antibiotics prescribed has contributed to the emergence of highly resistant pathogens among geriatric patients, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and multiple-drug-resistant gram-negative bacilli. Unless preventive strategies coupled with newer drug development are established soon, eventually clinicians will be encountering infections caused by highly resistant pathogens for which no effective antibiotics will be available. Clinicians could then be experiencing the same frustrations of not being able to treat infections effectively as were seen in the "pre-antibiotic era." [source]

Kynurenine inhibits chondrocyte proliferation and is increased in synovial fluid of patients with septic arthritis

Addition of bisphosphonate to antibiotic and anti-inflammatory treatment reduces bone resorption in experimental Staphylococcus aureus -induced arthritis

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, Issue 3 2007
Margareta Verdrengh
Abstract Bacterial arthritis is a disease with high morbidity leading to rapidly progressive bone resorption. We have shown earlier that treatment with antibiotics in combination with corticosteroids decreases joint inflammation and mortality but does not significantly affect bone/cartilage destruction of the joints. This study was performed to assess the effect of treatment with bisphosphonate [zoledronic acid (ZA)] in combination with antibiotics and corticosteroids, on the course and outcome of Staphlococcus aureus -induced arthritis. Three days after intravenous inoculation with S. aureus, mice were treated with antibiotics alone, ZA alone, ZA and antibiotics, or ZA combined with antibiotics and corticosteroids, respectively. One group served as controls and received PBS. Clinical assessment of arthritis was performed as well as histological analysis of bone and cartilage destruction in the joints. One femur from each mouse was collected for bone mineral density (BMD) analysis. In addition, serum levels of type I collagen fragments (RatLaps), and osteocalcin, markers for osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity, respectively, were analyzed. Mice treated with ZA and antibiotics or with ZA in combination with antibiotics and corticosteroids lost significantly less in trabecular bone density compared to infected control mice. Furthermore, the addition of corticosteroids to animals treated with ZA and antibiotics, significantly decreased serum levels of RatLaps and osteocalcin, compared to animals treated with ZA and antibiotics or ZA alone. Treatment with bisphosphonates in combination with antimicrobial agents and corticosteroids significantly decreases the activity of osteoclasts in septic arthritis, thereby reducing the risk of skeletal destruction. © 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res [source]

Invasive aspergillosis with polyarthritis

MYCOSES, Issue 11-12 2004
S. F. Mekan
Aspergillosis; Aspergillus fumigatus; invasive Infektion; polyarthritis Summary We report a case of septic arthritis of multiple joints in an 18-year-old male caused by Aspergillus fumigatus. His initial presentation was of low-grade fever followed by involvement of both knee and ankle joints. Later, there was also involvement of metacarpophalangeal joints. Diagnosis was based on biopsy and culture of the skin and joint lesions. The symptoms resolved readily under administration of itraconazole. We recommend that clinicians should be alerted of potential fungal etiology in cases of fever and chronic arthritis, which is unresponsive to conventional medical therapy. Zusammenfassung Es wird über einen Fall von Aspergillus fumigatus -bedingter septischer Arthritis mehrerer Gelenke bei einem 18-jährigen Mann berichtet. Die Anfangssymptomatik präsentierte sich als mäßiges Fieber gefolgt von Beschwerden in beiden Knie- und Fußgelenken. Später traten Beschwerden an den Mittelhandgelenken auf. Die Diagnose stützte sich auf Biopsie- und Kulturbefunde aus Haut- und Gelenkläsionen. Die Beschwerden heilten unter Itraconazol-Therapie rasch ab. Bei fieberhafter chronicher Arthritis sollte deshalb stets eine Pilziätiologie erwogen werden, wenn das Krankheitsbild nicht auf eine konventionelle Therapie anspricht. [source]

Septic arthritis in patients followed-up in neonatal intensive care unit

Bilateral septic arthritis of the knee joint in three children caused by unusual infectious agents

PEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2001
Mustafa Hacimustafao
First page of article [source]

Acute septic arthritis of the hip in children in Northern Australia

ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY, Issue 3 2003
FRACS, H. K. Graham MB BS
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Trefoil factor 3 is induced during degenerative and inflammatory joint disease, activates matrix metalloproteinases, and enhances apoptosis of articular cartilage chondrocytes

ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 3 2010
Sophie Rösler
Objective Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3, also known as intestinal trefoil factor) is a member of a family of protease-resistant peptides containing a highly conserved motif with 6 cysteine residues. Recent studies have shown that TFF3 is expressed in injured cornea, where it plays a role in corneal wound healing, but not in healthy cornea. Since cartilage and cornea have similar matrix properties, we undertook the present study to investigate whether TFF3 could induce anabolic functions in diseased articular cartilage. Methods We used reverse transcriptase,polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry to measure the expression of TFF3 in healthy articular cartilage, osteoarthritis (OA),affected articular cartilage, and septic arthritis,affected articular cartilage and to assess the effects of cytokines, bacterial products, and bacterial supernatants on TFF3 production. The effects of TFF3 on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) production were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and effects on chondrocyte apoptosis were studied by caspase assay and annexin V assay. Results Trefoil factors were not expressed in healthy human articular cartilage, but expression of TFF3 was highly up-regulated in the cartilage of patients with OA. These findings were confirmed in animal models of OA and septic arthritis, as well as in tumor necrosis factor ,, and interleukin-1,,treated primary human articular chondrocytes, revealing induction of Tff3/TFF3 under inflammatory conditions. Application of the recombinant TFF3 protein to cultured chondrocytes resulted in increased production of cartilage-degrading MMPs and increased chondrocyte apoptosis. Conclusion In this study using articular cartilage as a model, we demonstrated that TFF3 supports catabolic functions in diseased articular cartilage. These findings widen our knowledge of the functional spectrum of TFF peptides and demonstrate that TFF3 is a multifunctional trefoil factor with the ability to link inflammation with tissue remodeling processes in articular cartilage. Moreover, our data suggest that TFF3 is a factor in the pathogenesis of OA and septic arthritis. [source]

Retrospective study of 108 foals with septic osteomyelitis

AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 1-2 2010
KM Neil
Objective To determine the clinical characteristics, short-term outcome and future athletic performance of foals with septic osteomyelitis. Design Retrospective clinical study of 108 Thoroughbred foals with radiographic evidence of bone infection that were presented at the Scone Veterinary Hospital between August 1995 and December 2001. Medical records were reviewed and information concerning signalment, the clinical, laboratory and radiographic findings, treatment and outcome was obtained. Racing records were obtained and evaluated for surviving foals that had reached racing age. Results Mean age of foals at initial evaluation was 39 days (range 1,180 days); 21 foals had multiple radiographic bone lesions (19.4%), and 76 had concurrent septic arthritis (70.4%). The most frequently affected bones were the femur, tibia and distal phalanx. In total, 87 foals were discharged from the hospital (80.6%), 79 survived long-term to reach racing age and 52 raced (65.8%). Overall, 48% (52/108) of the foals treated for osteomyelitis raced. Foals less than 30 days of age at the time of diagnosis, critically ill foals and those with multiple bones or joints affected were significantly less likely to be discharged from hospital. Multiple septic joints, but not multiple bone involvement, had an unfavourable prognosis for racing. Conclusions The prognosis for survival of foals with septic osteomyelitis or osteitis is favourable. Multiple bone or joint involvement is an important short-term prognostic indicator; however, the involvement of multiple joints, but not multiple infected bones, is associated with an unfavourable prognosis for racing. [source]

Chronic lymphoedema complicated by septic arthritis of the hip

BRITISH JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2009
W.C. Chan
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome as a complication of septic arthritis

CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2007
M. J. Sladden
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Streptococcus pneumoniae septic arthritis in adults

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 12 2004
I. Baraboutis
Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae septic arthritis is an uncommon infection. The classic clinical picture is that of concomitant pulmonary and/or meningeal and joint infections in the presence of predisposing local and systemic factors. Initial laboratory tests are usually inconclusive, and joint aspiration is required for a definitive diagnosis. Treatment options include antibiotic therapy (usually with penicillin) combined with closed or open joint drainage. Increasing reports of infections involving penicillin-resistant strains are a concern. The prognosis is usually favourable, but early recognition and aggressive management are essential to reduce the likelihood of significant joint injury. [source]