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Kinds of Science Terms modified by Science Selected AbstractsFAITH, PUBLIC POLICY, AND THE LIMITS OF SOCIAL SCIENCE,CRIMINOLOGY AND PUBLIC POLICY, Issue 2 2003PAUL KNEPPER Recent interest on the part of criminologists in the "faith factor" has made possible a contemporary argument for faith-based interventions in crime prevention: if faith "works," then government should support faith-based initiatives because in doing so, government is not endorsing religion, but science. Drawing on the ideas of Karl Popper, Michael Polanyi, and others, this essay reviews this argument within the framework of the philosophy of social science. The discussion reviews such concepts of falsification, structural causality, objectivity, and evidence-based policy making to affirm the place of both faith and science in public life. [source] THE LIMITS OF SOCIAL SCIENCE IN GUIDING POLICYCRIMINOLOGY AND PUBLIC POLICY, Issue 1 2002MARK H. MOORE First page of article [source] THE ART AND SCIENCE OF SEEING: APPLYING VISUAL LITERACY INTERPRETATION IN NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUMSCURATOR THE MUSEUM JOURNAL, Issue 4 2002Johanna Jones Senior Associate First page of article [source] THE LIMITS OF SCIENCEADDICTION, Issue 7 2010PETER REUTER No abstract is available for this article. [source] DRUG SCHEDULING,SCIENCE AND CULTURAL PERSPECTIVEADDICTION, Issue 7 2010RAJAT RAY No abstract is available for this article. [source] SCIENCE AND NON-SCIENCE IN UK DRUG POLICYADDICTION, Issue 7 2010DAVID NUTT No abstract is available for this article. [source] ALCOHOL PRICE POLICIES: CONNECTING SCIENCE TO PRACTICEADDICTION, Issue 3 2010ALEXANDER C. WAGENAAR No abstract is available for this article. [source] SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY: COMMENTS ON THE COMMENTARIESADDICTION, Issue 2 2010KERSTIN STENIUS No abstract is available for this article. [source] SCIENCE WILL UNCOVER THE MYSTERIES OF ADDICTION IN THE ENDADDICTION, Issue 1 2010DOUG SELLMAN No abstract is available for this article. [source] DISCLOSURE IN THE BEST INTERESTS OF SCIENCE?ADDICTION, Issue 11 2009OR MORAL CRUSADE? No abstract is available for this article. [source] FROM SCIENCE TO ACTION?ADDICTION, Issue 1 2006100 YEARS LATER, ALCOHOL POLICIES REVISITED No abstract is available for this article. [source] THE ESCI AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN CLINICAL SCIENCEEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 9 2007Article first published online: 10 AUG 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] TO BE PRESENTED DURING THE 42nd ANNUAL SCIENTIFIC MEETING OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (ESCI) Geneva, Switzerland, 26,29 March 2008 THE ESCI AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN CLINICAL SCIENCE 10 000 EUROEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 8 2007Article first published online: 14 JUL 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] THE ESCI AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN CLINICAL SCIENCEEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 7 2007Article first published online: 15 JUN 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] THE ESCI AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN CLINICAL SCIENCEEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 6 2007Article first published online: 26 MAY 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] THE ESCI AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN CLINICAL SCIENCEEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 8 2006Article first published online: 18 JUL 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] THE ESCI AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN CLINICAL SCIENCEEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Issue 7 2006Article first published online: 6 JUN 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] IS EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY STRATEGIC SCIENCE?EVOLUTION, Issue 1 2007Thomas R. Meagher There is a profound need for the scientific community to be better aware of the policy context in which it operates. To address this need, Evolution has established a new Outlook feature section to include papers that explore the interface between society and evolutionary biology. This first paper in the series considers the strategic relevance of evolutionary biology. Support for scientific research in general is based on governmental or institutional expenditure that is an investment, and such investment is based on strategies designed to achieve particular outcomes, such as advance in particular areas of basic science or application. The scientific community can engage in the development of scientific strategies on a variety of levels, including workshops to explicitly develop research priorities and targeted funding initiatives to help define emerging scientific areas. Better understanding and communication of the scientific achievements of evolutionary biology, emphasizing immediate and potential societal relevance, are effective counters to challenges presented by the creationist agenda. Future papers in the Outlook feature section should assist the evolutionary biology community in achieving a better collective understanding of the societal relevance of their field. [source] NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TEACHING EVOLUTION: EVOLUTION IS GOOD SCIENCEEVOLUTION, Issue 6 2000Irene Eckstrand No abstract is available for this article. [source] HUMBOLDT'S NODES AND MODES OF INTERDISCIPLINARY ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE IN THE ANDEAN WORLD,GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 3 2006Karl S. Zimmerer ABSTRACT. Alexander von Humboldt engaged in a staggering array of diverse experiences in the Andes and adjoining lowlands of northwestern South America between 1801 and 1803. Yet examination of Humboldt's diaries, letters, and published works shows how his principal activities in the Andes centered on three interests: mining and geological landscapes; communications and cartography; and use and distribution of the quinine-yielding cinchona trees. Each node represented a pragmatic concern dealing with environmental resources in the context of the Andes. To pursue these interests in his Andean field studies, Humboldt relied on varied cultural interactions and vast social networks for knowledge exchange, in addition to extensive textual comparisons. These modes of inquiry dovetailed with his pragmatic interests and his open-ended intellectual curiosity. Fertile combinations in his Andean studies provided the foundation and main testing ground for Humboldt's fused nature-culture approach as well as his contributions to early geography and interdisciplinary environmental science. [source] A PRAGMATIST DEFENSE OF NON-RELATIVISTIC EXPLANATORY PLURALISM IN HISTORY AND SOCIAL SCIENCEHISTORY AND THEORY, Issue 2 2008JEROEN VAN BOUWEL ABSTRACT Explanatory pluralism has been defended by several philosophers of history and social science, recently, for example, by Tor Egil Førland in this journal. In this article, we provide a better argument for explanatory pluralism, based on the pragmatist idea of epistemic interests. Second, we show that there are three quite different senses in which one can be an explanatory pluralist: one can be a pluralist about questions, a pluralist about answers to questions, and a pluralist about both. We defend the last position. Finally, our third aim is to argue that pluralism should not be equated with "anything goes": we will argue for non-relativistic explanatory pluralism. This pluralism will be illustrated by examples from history and social science in which different forms of explanation (for example, structural, functional, and intentional explanations) are discussed, and the fruitfulness of our framework for understanding explanatory pluralism is shown. [source] COMBINING REVEALED AND STATED PREFERENCE DATA TO ESTIMATE THE NONMARKET VALUE OF ECOLOGICAL SERVICES: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF THE SCIENCEJOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SURVEYS, Issue 5 2008John C. Whitehead Abstract This paper reviews the marketing, transportation and environmental economics literature on the joint estimation of revealed preference (RP) and stated preference (SP) data. The RP and SP approaches are first described with a focus on the strengths and weaknesses of each. Recognizing these strengths and weaknesses, the potential gains from combining data are described. A classification system for combined data that emphasizes the type of data combination and the econometric models used is proposed. A methodological review of the literature is pursued based on this classification system. Examples from the environmental economics literature are highlighted. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each type of jointly estimated model is then presented. Suggestions for future research, in particular opportunities for application of these models to environmental quality valuation, are presented. [source] PERCEPTION OF IRRADIATED FOODS AMONG STUDENTS (SECONDARY, UNIVERSITY [FOOD SCIENCE AND NONFOOD SCIENCE]) AND ADULTS IN ARGENTINAJOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, Issue 3 2008ALEJANDRA FLORES ABSTRACT A survey on beliefs and purchase intent of irradiated foods was conducted among 300 Argentine students, covering secondary/high school, food science and nonfood science university, and 100 nonstudent adults. Other factors considered were the type of information provided (introductory, process description and benefits) and the city of residence (small agricultural city and big city). The most important benefits were considered to be microorganism reduction and improved sanitation. On the other hand, insecurity and doubts were the main reasons why respondents would not buy these foods. Only 14% said they would definitely buy irradiated foods. Considering their doubts and insecurities, it is probable that if these respondents see a food labeled as "irradiated," they would not choose to buy it. Within developing countries such as Argentina, the promotion of this technology by government agencies would be very costly, and at present, these costs would not seem to be justified. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The negative perceptions of consumers would hinder the successful implementation of food irradiation. The doubts or insecurities that consumers of developing countries have are similar to those that consumers of developed countries have. Most respondents answered that irradiated foods should be labeled as such. If food irradiation was to be pursued further, the place to start would be in food science curricula as this is the basis of future professionals in charge of researching its use and/or implementing the process. [source] INTRODUCTION: THE,JOURNAL OF REGIONAL SCIENCE,AT 50: LOOKING FORWARD TO THE NEXT 50 YEARSJOURNAL OF REGIONAL SCIENCE, Issue 1 2010Gilles Duranton No abstract is available for this article. [source] WELCOME TO THE NEIGHBORHOOD: HOW CAN REGIONAL SCIENCE CONTRIBUTE TO THE STUDY OF NEIGHBORHOODS?,JOURNAL OF REGIONAL SCIENCE, Issue 1 2010Ingrid Gould Ellen ABSTRACT We argue in this paper that neighborhoods are highly relevant for the types of issues at the heart of regional science. First, residential and economic activity takes place in particular locations, and particular neighborhoods. Many attributes of those neighborhood environments matter for this activity, from the physical amenities, to the quality of the public and private services received. Second, those neighborhoods vary in their placement in the larger region and this broader arrangement of neighborhoods is particularly important for location choices, commuting behavior and travel patterns. Third, sorting across these neighborhoods by race and income may well matter for educational and labor market outcomes, important components of a region's overall economic activity. For each of these areas we suggest a series of unanswered questions that would benefit from more attention. Focused on neighborhood characteristics themselves, there are important gaps in our understanding of how neighborhoods change , the causes and the consequences. In terms of the overall pattern of neighborhoods and resulting commuting patterns, this connects directly to current concerns about environmental sustainability and there is much need for research relevant to policy makers. And in terms of segregation and sorting across neighborhoods, work is needed on better spatial measures. In addition, housing market causes and consequences for local economic activity are under researched. We expand on each of these, finishing with some suggestions on how newly available data, with improved spatial identifiers, may enable regional scientists to answer some of these research questions. [source] THE SIGNAL DETECTION THEORY ROC CURVE: SOME APPLICATIONS IN FOOD SENSORY SCIENCEJOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES, Issue 2 2008M. O'MAHONY ABSTRACT In psychology, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is a key part of Signal Detection Theory, which is used for calculating d, values in discrimination tests. In food sensory science, the ROC curve can also be a useful tool. To give a specific example, it is not always convenient to use forced-choice protocols for difference tests; foods may be fatiguing, and assessments with single presentations, like the Yes,No procedure, might be more appropriate. In this case, ROC curves provide a useful method for computing d, values. More generally, ROC curves give information about cognitive strategies. Cognitive strategies are important for difference tests. Values of d, can only be computed if the cognitive strategy used in the test is known. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS When using methods other than two-alternative forced-choice in difference testing, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve would be required to compute d,. This is because when assessing discrimination ability, the cognitive strategy of the subject must be taken into account, and ROC curves can sometimes reveal the cognitive strategy used by the subject. This article describes how the cognitive strategy can be determined from the subject's ROC curve. The hidden assumptions made when using ROC curves and how these assumptions can be tested are also given. This information is essential to researchers in sensory evaluation as well as those using these methods in a practical setting. [source] FOUNDING A NEW SCIENCE: MIND GENOMICSJOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES, Issue 3 2006HOWARD R. MOSKOWITZ ABSTRACT We present in this article our vision for a new science, modeled on the emerging science of genomics and the technology of informatics. Our goal in this new science is to better understand how people react to ideas in a formal and structured way, using the principles of stimulus,response (from experimental psychology), conjoint analysis (from consumer research and statistics), Internet-based testing (from marketing research) and multiple tests to identify patterns of mind-sets (patterned after genomics). We show how this formal approach can then be used to construct new, innovative ideas in business. We demonstrate the approach using the development of new ideas for an electronic color palette for cosmetic products to be used by consumers. [source] EPA'S BASINS MODEL: GOOD SCIENCE OR SERENDIPITOUS MODELING?,JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION, Issue 3 2000Ray C. Whittemore ABSTRACT: Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Non-point Sources (BASINS) is a geographic-based watershed assessment tool developed by EPA's Office of Water to help states more efficiently target and evaluate water-bodies that are not meeting water quality standards. BASINS (EPA, 1996a, 1998) brings together data on water quality and quantity, land uses, point source loadings, and other related spatial data with supporting nonpoint and water quality models at a quicker and more effective pace. EPA developed BASINS, to better integrate point and nonpoint source water quality assessments for the Nation's 2100+ watersheds. In its zeal to achieve this endpoint, EPA has initiated a simplistic approach that was expected to grow through scientific enhancements as TMDL developers become more familiar with modeling requirements. BASINS builds upon federal databases of water quality conditions and point source loadings for numerous parameters where quality assurance is suspect in some cases. Its design allows comprehensive assessments and modeling in typical Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) computations. While the TMDL utility is the primary reason BASINS was developed, other longer-range water quality assessments will become possible as the Agency expands the suite of assessment models and databases in future releases. The simplistic approach to modeling and user-friendly tools gives rise, however, to technical and philosophical concerns related to default data usage. Seamless generation of model input files and the failure of some utilities to work properly suggest to NCASI that serious problems may still exist and prompts the need for a more rigorous peer-review. Furthermore, sustainable training becomes paramount, as some older modelers will be unfamiliar with Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and associated computer skills. Overall, however, BASINS was judged to be an excellent beginning tool to meet the complex environmental modeling needs in the 21st Century. [source] SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND THE NEW PRESIDENT: SECURITY, PROSPERITY AND STABILITY IN THE 21ST CENTURYPOLITICS & POLICY, Issue 6 2008Robert McCreight No abstract is available for this article. [source] INTELLIGENTLY DESIGNING DELIBERATIVE HEALTH CARE FORUMS: DEWEY'S METAPHYSICS, COGNITIVE SCIENCE AND A BRAZILIAN EXAMPLEPOLITICS & POLICY, Issue 6 2008Shane Ralston No abstract is available for this article. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||