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Same Rules (same + rule)
Selected Abstracts,The Great Prohibition': The Expansion of Christianity in Colonial Northern NigeriaHISTORY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 6 2010Andrew E. Barnes Historical research on the spread of Christianity in colonial Northern Nigeria has been hampered by a focus on the wrong issues. The population of the colony was predominantly Muslim, but the colonial territory created by the British contained large populations of African traditionalist peoples. During the colonial era the British government prohibited Christian proselytization of Muslims. Historical research had focused on the battle between colonial administrators and missionaries over entry into Muslim areas, a battle missionaries lost. But during the colonial era Christian missions experienced real success in Christianizing traditionalist peoples. The colonial government also sought to impede this development, significantly by using the same rules that prohibited the proselytization of Muslims to prohibit the proselytization of traditionalists. This article makes the case that the government's efforts to halt the spread of Christianity to traditionalists, not Muslims, should become the focus of new research. [source] Comparison of Mitotyper Rules and Phylogenetic-based mtDNA Nomenclature SystemsJOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, Issue 5 2010Deborah Polanskey B.S. Abstract:, A consistent nomenclature scheme is necessary to characterize a forensic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype. A standard nomenclature, called the Mitotyper RulesÔ, has been developed that applies typing rules in a hierarchical manner reflecting the forensic practitioner's nomenclature preferences. In this work, an empirical comparison between the revised hierarchical nomenclature rules and the phylogenetic approach to mtDNA type description has been conducted on 5173 samples from the phylogenetically typed European Mitochondrial DNA Population database (EMPOP) to identify the degree and significance of any differences. The comparison of the original EMPOP types and the results of retyping these sequences using the Mitotyper Rules demonstrates a high degree of concordance between the two alignment schemes. Differences in types resulted mainly because the Mitotyper Rules selected an alignment with the fewest number of differences compared with the rCRS. In addition, several identical regions were described in more than one way in the EMPOP dataset, demonstrating a limitation of a solely phylogenetic approach in that it may not consistently type nonhaplogroup-specific sites. Using a rule-based approach, commonly occurring as well as private variants are subjected to the same rules for naming, which is particularly advantageous when typing partial sequence data. [source] Transmission of an undiagnosed sarcoma to recipients of kidney and liver grafts procured in a non-heart beating donorLIVER TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 6 2005Olivier Detry Transmission of an undiagnosed cancer with solid organ transplantation is a rare but dreadful event. In this paper the authors report the transmission of an undiagnosed sarcoma to recipients of kidney and liver grafts procured in a Maastricht category 3 non-heart beating donor. To the authors' knowledge this case is the first report of such a transmission with a liver graft procured in a non-heart beating donor. The cancer transferal was diagnosed 1 year after transplantation in the recipients of the liver and of one kidney. The liver recipient died from multiple organ failure after a failed attempt of tumor resection. The kidney recipient underwent immunosuppression withdrawal and transplantectomy. Non-heart beating donors should not be particularly at risk for undiagnosed cancer transmission if the procurement is performed according to the same rules of careful inspection of the abdominal and thoracic organs. After diagnosis of donor cancer transmission, kidney recipients should have the graft removed, and immunosuppression should be interrupted. The management of liver graft recipients is very difficult in this setting, and long-term survival was very rarely reported. (Liver Transpl 2005;11:696,699.) [source] Facing a Post-American WorldNEW PERSPECTIVES QUARTERLY, Issue 3 2008FAREED ZAKARIA American-led globalization has enabled the third great powershift of the last five hundred years,the "rise of the rest" following on the rise of the West and then the rise of the US as the dominant power in the West. When China, India, Brazil, Turkey and the rest sit at the table of global power with the West what will the world order look like? Will it be post-American? Will it be culturally non-Western, but play by the same rules of an open international order laid down by the American's after World War II? In the following pages, leading American and Asian intellectuals ponder these questions. [source] Here Comes the Second WorldNEW PERSPECTIVES QUARTERLY, Issue 3 2008PARAG KHANNA American-led globalization has enabled the third great powershift of the last five hundred years,the "rise of the rest" following on the rise of the West and then the rise of the US as the dominant power in the West. When China, India, Brazil, Turkey and the rest sit at the table of global power with the West what will the world order look like? Will it be post-American? Will it be culturally non-Western, but play by the same rules of an open international order laid down by the American's after World War II? In the following pages, leading American and Asian intellectuals ponder these questions. [source] The Self, the symbolic and synchronicity: virtual realities and the emergence of the psycheTHE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2005George B. Hogenson Abstract:, Jung's theory of synchronicity is seen as a step in the development of a complete theory of the symbol. In so doing, a number of proposals are made for modelling the symbolic process along lines already in use for modelling a variety of other phenomena, ranging from language to the behaviour of earthquakes. These modelling techniques involve processes of self-organization, and raise issues of scaling in systems including symbolic systems. The proposal is made that symbolic systems obey the same rules of scaling that these other systems obey, and that symbolic systems can therefore be understood as exhibiting the characteristics of a power law distribution,a concept that is explained and developed in the paper. It is finally proposed that synchronicity is an aspect of the symbolic that can be characterized as exhibiting a high degree of ,symbolic density'. [source] | ||||||||||