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Same Face (same + face)
Selected AbstractsSpeed of Processing and Face Recognition at 7 and 12 MonthsINFANCY, Issue 4 2002Susan A. Rose This research examined developmental and individual differences in infants' speed of processing faces and the relation of processing speed to the type of information encoded. To gauge processing speed, 7- and 12-month-olds were repeatedly presented with the same face (frontal view), each time paired with a new one, until they showed a consistent preference for the new one. Subsequent probe trials assessed recognition of targets that either preserved configural integrity (Study 1: 3/4 profile and full profile poses) or disrupted it while preserving featural information (Study 2: rotations of 160° or 200° and fracturings). There were developmental differences in both speed and in infants' appreciation of information about faces. Older infants took about 60% fewer trials to reach criterion and had more mature patterns of attention (i.e., looks of shorter duration and more shifts of gaze). Whereas infants of both ages recognized the familiar face in a 3/4 pose, the 12-month-olds also recognized it in profile and when rotated. Twelve-month-olds who were fast processors additionally recognized the fractured faces; otherwise, processing speed was unrelated to the type of information extracted. At 7 months then, infants made use of some configural information in processing faces; at 12 months, they made use of even more of the configural information, along with part-based or featural information. [source] A new upper bound on the cyclic chromatic number,JOURNAL OF GRAPH THEORY, Issue 1 2007O. V. Borodin Abstract A cyclic coloring of a plane graph is a vertex coloring such that vertices incident with the same face have distinct colors. The minimum number of colors in a cyclic coloring of a graph is its cyclic chromatic number ,c. Let ,* be the maximum face degree of a graph. There exist plane graphs with ,c = ,3/2 ,*,. Ore and Plummer [5] proved that ,c , 2, ,*, which bound was improved to ,9/5, ,*, by Borodin, Sanders, and Zhao [1], and to ,5/3,,*, by Sanders and Zhao [7]. We introduce a new parameter k*, which is the maximum number of vertices that two faces of a graph can have in common, and prove that ,c , max {,* + 3,k* + 2, ,* + 14, 3, k* + 6, 18}, and if ,* , 4 and k* , 4, then ,c , ,* + 3,k* + 2. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory [source] Ultrastructure of the biflagellate gametes of Collinsiella cava (Ulvophyceae, Chlorophyta)PHYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2000Takeshi Nakayama SUMMARY The fine structure of the biflagellate gametes of Collinsiella cava (Yendo) Printz was investigated in detail to clarify the species's taxonomic and phylo-genetic position. Gametes are covered by small square scales with no distinct substructure. The chloroplast of the gamete includes an eyespot comprised of two layers of globules, and a pyrenoid that is traversed by one or a few thylakoids. Basal bodies overlap at their proximal ends and are offset in a counterclockwise orientation. Each basal body has a small bipartite terminal cap, a prominent proximal sheath comprised of two unequal subunits and a circular element situated at the cartwheel portion. A distal fibre, a connecting fibre and linkage between proximal sheaths connect the two basal bodies. Microtubular roots are comprised of two dexter (d) roots, subtended by the system I fibre, and two sinister (s) roots. Gametes have a single rhizoplast which extends parallel to one of the two d roots and extends to the mating structure. The ultrastructure of Collinsiella gametes is very similar to that of Mono-stroma and other members of the Ulotrichales, Ulvophyceae, and we concluded that the genus Collinsiella should be treated as a member of the Monostromat-aceae. The planozygote has four basal bodies, eight microtubular roots and two eyespots always situated at the same face of the cell. From observations of the planozygotes, the position of the mating structure relative to the flagellar apparatus is not consistent, but converse, between two mating types. A comparison of the location of the mating structure in Chlamydomonas and other green algae is presented. [source] Conformational changes induced by a single amino acid substitution in the trans -membrane domain of Vpu: Implications for HIV-1 susceptibility to channel blocking drugsPROTEIN SCIENCE, Issue 10 2007Sang Ho Park Abstract The channel-forming trans -membrane domain of Vpu (Vpu TM) from HIV-1 is known to enhance virion release from the infected cells and is a potential target for ion-channel blockers. The substitution of alanine at position 18 by a histidine (A18H) has been shown to render HIV-1 infections susceptible to rimantadine, a channel blocker of M2 protein from the influenza virus. In order to describe the influence of the mutation on the structure and rimantadine susceptibility of Vpu, we determined the structure of A18H Vpu TM, and compared it to those of wild-type Vpu TM and M2 TM. Both isotropic and orientationally dependent NMR frequencies of the backbone amide resonance of His18 were perturbed by rimantadine, and those of Ile15 and Trp22 were also affected, suggesting that His18 is the key residue for rimantadine binding and that residues located on the same face of the TM helix are also involved. A18H Vpu TM has an ideal, straight ,-helix spanning residues 6,27 with an average tilt angle of 41° in C14 phospholipid bicelles, indicating that the tilt angle is increased by 11° compared to that of wild-type Vpu TM. The longer helix formed by the A18H mutation has a larger tilt angle to compensate for the hydrophobic mismatch with the length of the phospholipids in the bilayer. These results demonstrate that the local change of the primary structure plays an important role in secondary and tertiary structures of Vpu TM in lipid bilayers and affects its ability to interact with channel blockers. [source] A Gadolinium-Binding Cyclodecapeptide with a Large High-Field Relaxivity Involving Second-Sphere WaterCHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 29 2009Célia Abstract A new cyclodecapeptide incorporating two prolylglycine sequences as ,-turn inducers and bearing four side chains with acidic carboxyl groups for cation complexation has been prepared. Structural analysis in water by 1H,NMR spectroscopy and CD shows that this template adopts a conformation suitable for the complexation of lanthanide ions Ln3+, with its carboxyl groups oriented on the same face of the peptide scaffold. Luminescence titrations show that mononuclear Ln,PA complexes are formed with apparent stability constants of log,,110,6.5 (pH,7). The high-field water relaxivity values arising from the Gd,PA complex at 200,500,MHz have been interpreted with molecular parameters determined independently. The experimentally determined water relaxivities are undoubtedly 30,% higher than the expected values for this complex with two inner-sphere (IS) water molecules and a medium-range rotational correlation time (,R=386,ps (±10,%)). This led us to propose the existence of a large second-sphere (2S) contribution to the relaxivity caused by the interaction of water molecules with the hydrophilic peptide ligand by hydrogen-bonding. [source] | ||||||||||