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SGA Babies (sga + baby)
Selected AbstractsUnexplained elevated maternal serum ,-HCG concentration and adverse pregnancy outcomePRENATAL DIAGNOSIS, Issue 11 2007Ramesh Ganapathy Abstract Objective To investigate the association between unexplained elevated maternal serum ,-Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) in the second trimester of pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcome. Methods In a case-controlled study of 3463 women who opted for second-trimester serum screening for Down syndrome, 142 were found to have a serum ,-HCG of ,3.5 multiples of the median (MoM), 56 of whom had a serum ,-HCG of ,5.0 MoM. These women were compared with a control group of women with serum ,-HCG within the 95% confidence interval around the median. Results In the elevated ,-HCG group (,5 MoM) significantly more babies required admission to the special care baby unit (p = 0.02) and were small for gestational age (SGA) (p = 0.03). The mean birth weight was also significantly lower in the group with elevated ,-HCG. Women with a serum ,-HCG of ,5, ,6, ,7 or ,8 MoM were associated with SGA babies in 40, 44, 64 and 86% respectively. All babies born to the six women with ,-HCG of 8.75,24.1 MoM were SGA. Conclusion Increased surveillance is necessary in pregnancies where the maternal serum ,-HCG in the second trimester is inexplicably elevated to ,5 MoM. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Customised birthweight centiles are useful for identifying small-for-gestational-age babies in women with type 2 diabetesAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 2 2009Janet A. ROWAN Background: Customised birthweight centiles identify small-for-gestational-age (SGA) babies at increased risk of morbidity more accurately than population centiles, but they have not been validated in obese populations. Aims: To compare the rates of SGA by population and customised birthweight centiles in babies of women with type 2 diabetes and examine perinatal outcomes in customised SGA infants. Methods: Data were from a previous retrospective cohort study detailing pregnancy outcomes in 212 women with type 2 diabetes. Customised and population birthweight centiles were calculated; pregnancy details and neonatal outcomes were compared between groups that delivered infants who were SGA (birthweight < 10th customised centile) and appropriate weight for gestational age (AGA) (birthweight 10,90th customised centile). Results: Fifteen (7%) babies were SGA by population centiles and 32 (15%) by customised centiles. Two babies of Indian women were reclassified from SGA to AGA by customised centiles. Nineteen babies were reclassified from AGA to SGA by customised centiles; of these, 15 (79%) were born to Polynesian women, five (26%) were born less than 32 weeks and two (11%) were stillborn. Customised SGA infants, compared with AGA infants, were more likely to be born preterm (19 (59%) vs 20 (16%), P < 0.001) and more likely to be stillborn (4 (13%) vs 0 P = 0.001). After excluding still births, admission to the neonatal unit was also more common (19 of 28 (68%) vs 43 of 127 (34%), P < 0.001). Conclusions: In our population more babies were classified as SGA by customised compared with population centiles. These customised SGA babies have high rates of morbidity. [source] Maternal periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomesCOMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 1 2008Waranuch Pitiphat Abstract,,, Objectives:, Maternal periodontal diseases have been associated with increased risk of preterm birth and restricted fetal growth among relatively low socioeconomic groups. Whether the association can be generalized to middle-class populations remains uncertain. We evaluated periodontitis in relation to preterm birth (<37 weeks' gestation) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA, birth weight below the 10th percentile of birth weight for gestational age) among a group of medically insured women. Methods:, We conducted a prospective study among participants of Project Viva, a US cohort study of pregnant women and their offspring from 1999 to 2002. Pregnancy outcomes were obtained from medical records. Self-reported periodontitis was assessed during the second trimester of pregnancy, and validated against radiographs. Logistic regression analyses were employed to evaluate the association of periodontitis with pregnancy outcomes adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, smoking status, income, frequency of dental check-ups, prepregnancy body mass index, pregnancy weight gain, gravidity, prior history of preterm birth and history of genitourinary infection. Results:, Of the 1635 women, 72.7% were Caucasian, 65.0% had annual household income >$70 000, 3.8% reported having periodontitis, 6.4% delivered preterm, 5.4% delivered SGA babies, and 11.0% had poor pregnancy outcome (either preterm birth or SGA). The odds ratio (OR) associated with periodontitis was 1.74 (95% CI 0.65,4.66) for preterm delivery and 2.11 (95% CI 0.76,5.86) for SGA individually. When preterm delivery and/or SGA were combined, the OR was 2.26 (95% CI 1.05,4.85) relating periodontitis with poor pregnancy outcome. Conclusion:, Within the limitations of the study, the results suggest that periodontitis is an independent risk factor for poor pregnancy outcome among middle-class women. [source] Risk factors for small-for-gestational-age babies: The Auckland Birthweight Collaborative StudyJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 4 2001JMD Thompson Objective: This case-control study determined whether internationally recognized risk factors for small-for-gestational-age (SGA) term babies were applicable in New Zealand. Methodology: All babies were born at 37 or more completed weeks of gestation in one of three hospitals in Auckland. Cases weighed less than the sex specific 10th percentile for gestational age at birth, and controls (appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA)) were a random selection of heavier babies. Information was collected by maternal interview and from obstetric databases. Results: Information from 1714 completed interviews (844 SGA and 870 AGA) was available for analysis. Computerized obstetric records were available for 1691 of the 1701 women who consented to such access. In a multivariate analysis allowing for sex, gestational age at birth, social class and other potential confounders, mothers who smoked had a significantly increased risk of an SGA baby (adjusted OR 2.41; 95% CI 1.78,;3.28), as did primiparous mothers (adjusted OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.03,;1.73), mothers of Indian ethnicity (adjusted OR 3.22; 95% CI 1.95,;5.30), women with pre-eclamptic toxaemia (adjusted OR 2.42; 95% CI 1.08,;5.40) and those with pre-existing hypertension toxaemia (adjusted OR 5.49; 95% CI 1.81,;16.71). Mothers of SGA infants were shorter (P < 0.001) and reported lower prepregnancy body weights (P < 0.001) than mothers of AGA infants. The population attributable fraction for smoking suggests that up to 18% of SGA infants born in the ABC Study could be related to maternal smoking. Conclusions: Risk factors associated with SGA births in other countries are also important in New Zealand. Smoking in pregnancy is an important and potentially modifiable behaviour, and efforts to decrease the number of women who smoke during pregnancy should be encouraged. [source] Hypertension during pregnancy in South Australia, Part 2: Risk factors for adverse maternal and/or perinatal outcome , results of multivariable analysisAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 5 2004Sophie A. VREEBURG Abstract Objective:, To identify factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with hypertension during pregnancy Design:, A population-based retrospective multivariable analysis using the South Australian perinatal data collection. Methods:, Perinatal data on 70 386 singleton births in 1998,2001 were used in multivariable analyses on three groups: all women combined, all hypertensive women and women with pregnancy hypertension only, in order to identify independent risk factors for requirement for level II/III care, preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA) birth and maternal length of stay greater than 7 days. Results:, The risks for the four morbidities were all increased among women with hypertension compared with normotensive women. Those with pre-existing hypertension had the lowest risk (with odds ratios (OR) 1.26,2.90). Pregnancy hypertension held the intermediate position (OR 1.52,5.70), while superimposed pre-eclampsia was associated with the highest risk (OR 2.00,8.75). Among women with hypertension, Aboriginality, older maternal age, nulliparity and pre-existing or gestational diabetes increased the risk for level II/III nursery care, preterm birth and prolonged hospital stay. Smokers had shorter stays, which may be related to their decreased risk of having a Caesarean section or operative vaginal delivery. Asian women, Aboriginal women, smokers and unemployed women had an increased risk for having an SGA baby, while women with pre-existing or gestational diabetes had a reduced risk. Conclusions:, Among hypertensive pregnant women, nulliparity, older maternal age, Aboriginality, unemployment and diabetes are independent risk factors for one or more major adverse pregnancy outcomes. Smoking does not always worsen the outcome for hypertensive women except for SGA births. [source] | ||||||||||