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Rural Context (rural + context)
Selected AbstractsThe Amenity Complex: Towards a Framework for Analysing and Predicting the Emergence of a Multifunctional Countryside in AustraliaGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, Issue 3 2007NEIL ARGENT Abstract There is growing consensus among academics, regional development organisations and rural communities that the future growth and development of rural regions is increasingly dependent upon their ability to convey, to both established and prospective residents, the ,amenity' of their local physical, social and economic environments. However, little research to date has sought to identify exactly what comprises ,amenity' in the rural context, or has examined how this conceptually slippery quality is distributed across rural Australia, or how it influences local demographic, socio-economic and land use change. This paper attempts a broad scale investigation of rural amenity in the south-east Australian ecumene, identifying its core components in this context, mapping its distribution and assessing the nature of its influence over in-migration rates over the past three decades. The paper finds that, at a macro-scale, amenity tends to follow a general gradient from high to low according to distance from the coast, and that its relationship with in-migration rates has increased substantially between 1976,1981 and 1996,2001. [source] Voluntary simplicity: an exploration of market interactionsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSUMER STUDIES, Issue 2 2009Deirdre Shaw Abstract Voluntary simplicity is often considered to be a sustainable lifestyle phenomenon buttressed by environment-friendly consumption practices. Voluntary simplicity is shaped by the individual as well as the society, and marketplace interactions often impact voluntarily simplified approaches to consumption. Pertinent, therefore, is a consideration of how voluntary simplifiers negotiate the tensions between marketplace interactions and decisions (not) to consume, as the exploration of interactions between consumption and non-consumption choices has relevant implications for the advancement of sustainable consumption. Specifically, we seek to answer the following question: how have voluntary simplifiers in a rural context negotiated the relationship between voluntary simplicity and market-based (non-) consumption? This paper reports on a study of 28 rural voluntary simplifiers to explore the intersections between voluntary simplicity and rural markets. Findings highlight the convoluted nature and the multiple manifestations of voluntary simplicity, while the rural context allows an exploration of such tensions in relation to individual voluntary simplicity, local economy, supermarkets, fair trade and consumer culture. [source] Review of small rural health services in Victoria: how does the nursing-medical division of labour affect access to emergency care?JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 12 2008Elise Sullivan Aims., This paper is based on a review of the Australian and International literature relating to the nursing-medical division of labour. It also explores how the division of labour affects patient access to emergency care in small rural health services in Victoria, Australia. Background., The paper describes the future Australian health workforce and the implications for rural Victoria. The concept of division of labour and how it relates to nursing and medicine is critically reviewed. Two forms of division of labour emerge , traditional and negotiated division of labour. Key themes are drawn from the literature that describes the impact of a traditional form of division of labour in a rural context. Methods., This paper is based on a review of the Australian and international literature, including grey literature, on the subject of rural emergency services, professional boundaries and roles, division of labour, professional relationships and power and the Australian health workforce. Results., In Australia, the contracting workforce means that traditional divisions of labour between health professionals cannot be sustained without reducing access to emergency care in rural Victoria. A traditional division of labour results in rural health services that are vulnerable to slight shifts in the medical workforce, unsafe services and recruitment and retention problems. A negotiated form of division of labour provides a practical alternative. Conclusion., A division of labour that is negotiated between doctors and nurses and supported by a legal and clinical governance framework, is needed to support rural emergency services. The published evidence suggests that this situation currently does not exist in Victoria. Strategies are offered for creating and supporting a negotiated division of labour. Relevance to clinical practice., This paper offers some strategies for establishing a negotiated division of labour between doctors and nurses in rural emergency care. [source] Emerging Hispanic English: New dialect formation in the American SouthJOURNAL OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS, Issue 3 2004Walt Wolfram Although stable Hispanic populations have existed in some regions of the United States for centuries, other regions, including the mid-Atlantic South, are just experiencing the emergence of permanent Hispanic communities. This situation offers an ideal opportunity to examine the dynamics of new dialect formation in progress, and the extent to which speakers acquire local dialect traits as they learn English as a second language. We focus on the production of the /ai/ diphthong among adolescents in two emerging Hispanic communities, one in an urban and one in a rural context. Though both English and Spanish have the diphthong /ai/, the Southern regional variant of the benchmark local dialect norm is unglided, thus providing a local dialect alternative. The instrumental analysis of /ai/ shows that there is not pervasive accommodation to the local norm by Hispanic speakers learning English. There is, however, gradient, incremental adjustment of the /ai/, and individual speakers who adopt local cultural values may accommodate to the local dialect pattern. [source] Rural education for older adultsNEW DIRECTIONS FOR ADULT & CONTINUING EDUCATION, Issue 117 2008Vivian W. Mott Meeting the learning needs of older adults in rural areas is a critical and growing concern for adult and continuing education. This chapter addresses learning in a rural context for older adults. [source] RUSTIC POSEURS: PEASANT MODELS IN THE PRACTICE OF JEAN-FRANÇOIS MILLET AND JULES BRETONART HISTORY, Issue 2 2008SUSAN WALLER In the 1850s, Jean-François Millet and Jules Breton relocated their studios from Paris to the French countryside, where they no longer had access to the professional models that posed in urban ateliers. This study examines the evolution of their studio practice within the rural context: it explores their shift from professional to proprietary and peasant models, how the shift inflected the artist/model transaction, and their negotiation of the social structures and standards of decorum of the rural communities in which their studios were located. [source] Re-thinking local autonomy: Perceptions from four rural municipalitiesCANADIAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION/ADMINISTRATION PUBLIQUE DU CANADA, Issue 3 2008Benoy Jacob This article looks at how this agenda might affect smaller rural municipalities, since the assumption seems to be that one can simply re-size and re-shape policy prescriptions from urban and suburban contexts to fit rural areas. Drawing on the lessons learned from an eight-year project titled "Understanding the New Rural Economy: Options and Choices," the authors argue that autonomy is only valuable in relation to a locality's capacity to take advantage of new powers and that rural capacities are very different from those of their urban counterparts. The authors present a conceptual framework in which capacity is a dynamic and multidimensional entity of which autonomy is a necessary, though not sufficient, condition. This framework is then employed to explore four rural Canadian municipalities. This study is the first to consider traditional administrative reforms in a rural context. Employing a case-study methodology, the authors found four dimensions of capacity that may support changes to local autonomy: strategic planning, citizen participation and support, expertise, and access to revenues. Sommaire : Dirigé par les plus grandes municipalités urbaines, le programme actuel des réformes municipales au Canada met une emphase considérable sur la question de l'autonomie locale. Le présent article porte sur la manière dont ce programme pourrait avoir une incidence sur les plus petites municipalités rurales, étant donné que l'hypothèse semble être qu'il est tout simplement possible de redimensionner et refondre les prescriptions de politiques de contextes urbains et suburbains pour qu'elles s'adaptent aux régions rurales. Tirant des enseignements d'un projet sur huit ans intitulé"Comprendre la nouvelle économie rurale : options et choix" (NER), l'article prétend que l'autonomie est seulement intéressante en ce qui concerne la capacité d'une localitéà tirer parti de nouveaux pouvoirs et que les capacités rurales sont très différentes des capacités urbaines. Les auteurs présentent un cadre conceptuel où la capacité est une entité dynamique et multi-dimensionnelle dont l'autonomie est une condition nécessaire mais pas suffisante. Ce cadre est alors employé pour étudier à fond quatre municipalités rurales canadiennes. L'article est la première étude à envisager les réformes administratives traditionnelles dans un contexte rural. Ayant recours à une méthodologie d'études de cas, les auteurs ont trouvé quatre dimensions de capacité qui peuvent soutenir des changements pour l'autonomie locale : la planification stratégique, la participation et le soutien des citoyens, l'expertise et l'accès aux revenus. [source] Twenty years of resolving the irresolvable: approaches to the fuelwood problem in KenyaLAND DEGRADATION AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 3 2001I. Mahiri Abstract Resolving the fuelwood problem in Kenya has been the cause of many debates. A review of the literature reveals the changing emphasis on the cause and effect of the problem. The dominant focus links fuelwood consumption with environmental degradation. This view has been perpetuated and reinforced by the ,Woodfuel Gap' theory of supply and demand differentials, based on population growth. The demand mitigation has been addressed through the ,Fuelwood Orthodoxy' approach and energy technologies. This paper shows that deforestation, and subsequent degradation, has little to do with fuelwood consumption as much is extracted from outside the forest. Therefore, costly interventions of afforestation programmes have had little impact in addressing the issue. The locale-specificity of the fuelwood problem means there can be no simple, technical solution. The local nature of shortages means that national projections cannot capture the complex socio-economic and cultural issues. Such complexity and diversity of rural contexts demand that the rural energy problem cannot be treated in isolation from the equally pressing issues of poverty, labour, food, culture and values. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Women's safety service within the Integrated Domestic Abuse Programme: perceptions of service usersCHILD & FAMILY SOCIAL WORK, Issue 2 2010Iolo Madoc-Jones ABSTRACT This paper draws on the findings of a qualitative evaluation that examines women's perceptions of the services provided to them whilst their abusers attended an Integrated Domestic Violence Programme (IDAP) in one probation area in the UK. Research focusing on domestic violence programmes has mostly concentrated on the experiences of male perpetrators. As a result, less is known about how women feel about such programmes and the parallel safety services they are supposed to receive. This research seeks to address that weakness by exploring the perceptions of 13 women whose abusers are attending one perpetrator programme. The findings of our study suggest that women are generally negative about perpetrator programmes and require more comprehensive and coordinated services than are routinely made available to them. The paper suggests that women value and need direct and assertive support as well as safety services, and this need is especially pronounced in rural contexts where women can be isolated from mainstream services. The implications of the research to practice with victims of domestic violence are discussed to inform further development of IDAP and similar programmes in the UK and beyond. [source] Modernism and the Machine FarmerJOURNAL OF HISTORICAL SOCIOLOGY, Issue 2 2000Rod Bantjes In this paper I apply recent theoretical discussions of the spatial character of modernity to a ,rural' context. I argue that neither modernity nor ,modernism' has been an exclusively ,urban' phenomenon in the twentieth century, and that attention to modernism in the countryside yields insights into the modernist project. From the beginning of the twentieth century, the apparently ,rural' spaces of the prairie west were already integrated into modern trans-local structures. Wheat farmers were ahead of their contemporaries in their appreciation of the nature and scale of modern distanciated relationships. They were ,modernist' in embracing and celebrating the technologies, particularly organizational technologies, for dominating space and time. They were also innovators in modern organizational design, seeking creatively to control the modern "machine" and to bridge the local and the ,global.' Their progressive experimentation culminated in a surprising proposal for ,co-operative farms' not unlike Soviet collective farms. [source] | |||||||||||||