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Robust Performance (robust + performance)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Engineering	82%

Selected Abstracts

Layer-by-Layer All-Inorganic Quantum-Dot-Based LEDs: A Simple Procedure with Robust Performance

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 19 2010
James S. Bendall
Abstract A novel all-inorganic electroluminescent device is demonstrated based on highly luminescent CdTe nanocrystals intercalated within a laminar hydrotalcite-like structure. The laminar scaffold acts to both support and distribute the CdTe nanocrystals. The device is synthesized using simple wet chemical processes at room temperature in ambient conditions. It has high thermal stability, operating continuously up to 90 °C, and a maximum efficiency at J = 0.12 A cm,2. The device is targeted at the automotive industry. [source]

Lagrangian finite element treatment of transient vibration/acoustics of biosolids immersed in fluids

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING, Issue 5 2008
P. Krysl
Abstract Superposition principle is used to separate the incident acoustic wave from the scattered and radiated waves in a displacement-based finite element model. An absorbing boundary condition is applied to the perturbation part of the displacement. Linear constitutive equation allows for inhomogeneous, anisotropic materials, both fluids and solids. Displacement-based finite elements are used for all materials in the computational volume. Robust performance for materials with limited compressibility is achieved using assumed-strain nodally integrated simplex elements or incompatible-mode brick elements. A centered-difference time-stepping algorithm is formulated to handle general damping accurately and efficiently. Verification problems (response of empty steel cylinder immersed in water to a step plane wave, and scattering of harmonic plane waves from an elastic sphere) are discussed for assumed-strain simplex and for voxel-based brick finite element models. A voxel-based modeling scheme for complex biological geometries is described, and two illustrative results are presented from the bioacoustics application domain: reception of sound by the human ear and simulation of biosonar in beaked whales. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Robust performance for both fixed and worst-case inputs

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL, Issue 3 2005
Nicola Elia
Abstract We consider the problem of robust performance analysis when some of the exogenous inputs acting on the system are assumed to be fixed and known, while others are unknown but bounded. In particular, we consider the case where performance is measured by the ,, norm of the output signals, and the uncertainty on the nominal model is described by LTV perturbations of bounded ,, -induced norm. We first address the special case when all the exogenous inputs are fixed and known. We propose upper and lower bounds for the measure of robust performance. Two upper bounds are derived, which trade off accuracy versus computational expense. Both conditions are much less conservative than what one would obtain from assuming a worst-case exogenous input. We then generalize the conditions to the more general case, where both fixed and worst-case inputs act on the system. All these conditions are readily computable, and yield much less conservative results than one would obtain from applying standard worst-case analysis methods. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Unit commitment at frequency security condition

EUROPEAN TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL POWER, Issue 2 2001
X. Lei
In island grids and weakly interconnected power systems, the loss of a large proportion of generation will cause the system frequency to fall dramatically. In order to ensure a stable operation with the lowest impact to the system, the disturbed power balance must be equalized within a short specified time by activating the second-reserve of on-line units or by load shedding or both. Unit commitment procedures shall consider these factors to ensure a reliable power supply while minimizing the fuel costs. This paper presents a unit commitment procedure taking the frequency security condition of systems into account. The procedure commits and optimizes units, calculates necessary second-reserve capability, and allocates them among the available on-line units. Parallel to the minimization of daily fuel costs, a specified frequency minimum following the loss of generation is employed as a criterion for maintaining system security. A case study on typical island systems with a large number of different units is demonstrated using the proposed procedure. Results from the study validated robust performance of the proposed procedure that minimizes fuel costs while maintaining frequency security condition. This paper considers only the frequency security condition to be handled. However, it can also be extended with other criteria such transmission capability during transient conditions of interconnected systems. [source]

Adaptive robust control of nonlinear systems with dynamic uncertainties

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, Issue 4 2009
Xiangbin Liu
Abstract In this paper, the discontinuous projection-based adaptive robust control (ARC) approach is extended to a class of nonlinear systems subjected to parametric uncertainties as well as all three types of nonlinear uncertainties,uncertainties could be state-dependent, time-dependent, and/or dynamic. Departing from the existing robust adaptive control approach, the proposed approach differentiates between dynamic uncertainties with and without known structural information. Specifically, adaptive robust observers are constructed to eliminate the effect of dynamic uncertainties with known structural information for an improved steady-state output tracking performance,asymptotic output tracking is achieved when the system is subjected to parametric uncertainties and dynamic uncertainties with known structural information only. In addition, dynamic normalization signals are introduced to construct ARC laws to deal with other uncertainties including dynamic uncertainties without known structural information not only for global stability but also for a guaranteed robust performance in general. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Iteration domain H, -optimal iterative learning controller design

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL, Issue 10 2008
Kevin L. Moore
Abstract This paper presents an H, -based design technique for the synthesis of higher-order iterative learning controllers (ILCs) for plants subject to iteration-domain input/output disturbances and plant model uncertainty. Formulating the higher-order ILC problem into a high-dimensional multivariable discrete-time system framework, it is shown how the addition of input/output disturbances and plant model uncertainty to the ILC problem can be cast as an H, -norm minimization problem. The distinctive feature of this formulation is to consider the uncertainty as arising in the iteration domain rather than the time domain. An algebraic approach to solving the problem in this framework is presented, resulting in a sub-optimal controller that can achieve both stability and robust performance. The key observation is that H, synthesis can be used for higher-order ILC design to achieve a reliable performance in the presence of iteration-varying external disturbances and model uncertainty. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Robust performance for both fixed and worst-case inputs

A geometric approach to robust performance of parametric uncertain systems

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL, Issue 14 2003
J. Bondia
Abstract A new approach for the robust performance problem for parametric uncertain systems is presented. Contrary to the classical approach, where specifications must be given in the frequency domain, this approach allows to deal with classical time specifications such as bounds on the overshoot, settling time and steady state error, which are matched to an uncertain reference model. Controller synthesis is then formulated as a set inclusion problem with a clear geometrical interpretation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Robust nonlinear ship course-keeping control by H, I/O linearization and , -synthesis

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL, Issue 1 2003
Shr-Shiung Hu
Abstract In this paper, the H, input/output (I/O) linearization formulation is applied to design an inner-loop nonlinear controller for a nonlinear ship course-keeping control problem. Due to the ship motion dynamics are non-minimum phase, it is impossible to use the ordinary feedback I/O linearization to resolve. Hence, the technique of H, I/O linearization is proposed to obtain a nonlinear H, controller such that the compensated nonlinear system approximates the linear reference model in I/O behaviour. Then a , -synthesis method is employed to design an outer-loop robust controller to address tracking, regulation, and robustness issues. The time responses of the tracking signals for the closed-loop system reveal that the overall robust nonlinear controller is able to provide robust stability and robust performance for the plant uncertainties and state measurement errors. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Synthesis of a static anti-windup compensator via linear matrix inequalities

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL, Issue 10 2002
Masami Saeki
Abstract In this paper, we propose a design method of a static anti-windup compensator that guarantees robust stability subject to input saturation and suppresses the degradation of robust performance during the saturation period. In previous studies, this problem has been considered to be equivalent to a static output feedback design problem, which is essentially a non-convex problem. We show that this problem can be reduced to an equivalent convex problem by using an appropriate sector transformation. The numerical solution can be obtained efficiently by solving linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Further, a constant scaling matrix is introduced to the condition in order to reduce the conservativeness. In this case, since the design problem is no more LMIs, an algorithm for solving the problem by LMI iterations is presented. Four numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Robust control of multi-axis magnetic bearing systems

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL, Issue 14 2001
T.-J. Yeh
Abstract This paper proposes robust control schemes for multi-axis magnetic bearing systems under current control and voltage control. The control schemes are based on a model which characterizes not only the electromagnetic interaction but also secondary effects such as flux leakage, fringing fluxes, and finite core permeance in the magnetic bearing. In the current control case, a sliding-mode-based robust controller, whose control parameters have to be deliberately chosen to account for the uni-directionality of magnetic forces, is proposed to provide robust performance against uncertain dynamics. In the voltage control case, a control scheme that combines the sliding methodology and the backstepping technique is used to provide robust performance under the influence of the electrical dynamics. It is demonstrated through simulations and experiments that, because the nonlinearity and the uncertainty inherently residing in the system behaviour are directly tackled, the proposed controllers achieve superior tracking performances compared to control lers based on linearization. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Observer-based adaptive robust control of a class of nonlinear systems with dynamic uncertainties,

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL, Issue 4 2001
Bin Yao
Abstract In this paper, a discontinuous projection-based adaptive robust control (ARC) scheme is constructed for a class of nonlinear systems in an extended semi-strict feedback form by incorporating a nonlinear observer and a dynamic normalization signal. The form allows for parametric uncertainties, uncertain nonlinearities, and dynamic uncertainties. The unmeasured states associated with the dynamic uncertainties are assumed to enter the system equations in an affine fashion. A novel nonlinear observer is first constructed to estimate the unmeasured states for a less conservative design. Estimation errors of dynamic uncertainties, as well as other model uncertainties, are dealt with effectively via certain robust feedback control terms for a guaranteed robust performance. In contrast with existing conservative robust adaptive control schemes, the proposed ARC method makes full use of the available structural information on the unmeasured state dynamics and the prior knowledge on the bounds of parameter variations for high performance. The resulting ARC controller achieves a prescribed output tracking transient performance and final tracking accuracy in the sense that the upper bound on the absolute value of the output tracking error over entire time-history is given and related to certain controller design parameters in a known form. Furthermore, in the absence of uncertain nonlinearities, asymptotic output tracking is also achieved. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Resource Allocation Auctions within Firms

JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING RESEARCH, Issue 5 2007
STANLEY BAIMAN
ABSTRACT There is growing interest in the use of markets within firms. Proponents have noted that markets are a simple and efficient mechanism for allocating resources in economies in which information is dispersed. In contrast to the use of markets in the broader economy, the efficiency of an internal market is determined in large part by the endogenous contractual incentives provided to the participating, privately informed agents. In this paper, we study the optimal design of managerial incentives when resources are allocated by an internal auction market, as well as the efficiency of the resulting resource allocations. We show that the internal auction market can achieve first-best resource allocations and decisions, but only at an excessive cost in compensation payments. We then identify conditions under which the internal auction market and associated optimal incentive contracts achieve the benchmark second-best outcome as determined using a direct revelation mechanism. The advantage of the auction is that it is easier to implement than the direct revelation mechanism. When the internal auction mechanism is unable to achieve second-best, we characterize the factors that determine the magnitude of the shortfall. Overall, our results speak to the robust performance of relatively simple market mechanisms and associated incentive systems in resolving resource allocation problems within firms. [source]

Robust Tests for Single-marker Analysis in Case-Control Genetic Association Studies

ANNALS OF HUMAN GENETICS, Issue 2 2009
Qizhai Li
Summary Choosing an appropriate single-marker association test is critical to the success of case-control genetic association studies. An ideal single-marker analysis should have robust performance across a wide range of potential disease risk models. MAX was designed specifically to achieve such robustness. In this work, we derived the power calculation formula for MAX and conducted a comprehensive power comparison between MAX and two other commonly used single-marker tests, the one-degree-of-freedom (1-df) Cochran-Armitage trend test and the 2-df Pearson ,2 test. We used a single-marker disease risk model and a two-marker haplotype risk model to explore the performances of the above three tests. We found that each test has its own "sweet" spots. Among the three tests considered, MAX appears to have the most robust performance. [source]

DYNAMIC ANALYSES AND ROBUST STEERING CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR AUTOMATED LANE GUIDANCE OF HEAVY-DUTY VEHICLES

ASIAN JOURNAL OF CONTROL, Issue 3 2000
Jeng-Yu Wang
ABSTRACT In this paper, we present various linear analyses of the linearized lateral dynamics of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) (tractor-semitrailer type), which include time domain, frequency domain and pole/zero analyses. These analyses are conducted to examine the vehicle response to the steering input subjected to variations of speed, road adhesion coefficient, cargo load in the trailer, and look-ahead distance for the lateral deviation sensor. These parameters (uncertainties) have significant influence on vehicle dynamics. It has been shown that redefining the look-ahead lateral error as the controlled output has a favorable impact on the lateral control problem. Based on these analyses, a robust steering controller using H, loop-shaping procedure is designed for a tractor semitrailer combination to follow the road center line on both curved and straight highway sections. The proposed controller ensures the robust performance under model uncertainties which include varying vehicle longitudinal speed, road adhesion coefficient, and cargo load in the trailer. The performance of the designed controller is evaluated by simulations and validated by experiments. [source]

Robust control from data via uncertainty model sets identification

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL, Issue 11 2004
S. Malan
Abstract In this paper an integrated robust identification and control design procedure is proposed. The plant to be controlled is supposed to be linear, time invariant, stable, possibly infinite dimensional and a set of noise-corrupted input,output measurements is supposed to be available. The emphasis is placed on the design of controllers guaranteeing robust stability and robust performances, and on the trade-off between controller complexity and achievable robust performances. First, uncertainty models are identified, consisting of parametric models of different order and tight frequency bounds on the magnitude of the unmodelled dynamics. Second, Internal Model Controllers, guaranteeing robust closed-loop stability and best approximating the ,perfect control' ideal target, are designed using H,/,-synthesis techniques. Then, the robust performances of the designed controllers are computed, allowing one to determine the level of model/controller complexity needed to guarantee desired closed-loop performances. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]