Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Right Vs. (right + vs)
Selected AbstractsTwenty-four-hour non-invasive monitoring of systemic haemodynamics and cerebral blood flow velocity in healthy humansACTA PHYSIOLOGICA, Issue 1 2002M. DIAMANT ABSTRACT Acute short-term changes in blood pressure (BP) and cardiac output (CO) affect cerebral blood flow (CBF) in healthy subjects. As yet, however, we do not know how spontaneous fluctuations in BP and CO influence cerebral circulation throughout 24 h. We performed simultaneous monitoring of BP, systemic haemodynamic parameters and blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (MCAV) in seven healthy subjects during a 24-h period. Finger BP was recorded continuously during 24 h by Portapres and bilateral MCAV was measured by transcranial Doppler (TCD) during the first 15 min of every hour. The subjects remained supine during TCD recordings and during the night, otherwise they were seated upright in bed. Stroke volume (SV), CO and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were determined by Modelflow analysis. The 15 min mean value of each parameter was assumed to represent the mean of the corresponding hour. There were no significant differences between right vs. left, nor between mean daytime vs. night time MCAV. Intrasubject comparison of the twenty-four 15-min MCAV recordings showed marked variations (P < 0.001). Within each single 15-min recording period, however, MCAV was stable whereas BP showed significant short-term variations (P < 0.01). A day,night difference in BP was only observed when daytime BP was evaluated from recordings in the seated position (P < 0.02), not in supine recordings. Throughout 24 h, MCAV was associated with SV and CO (P < 0.001), to a lesser extent with mean arterial pressure (MAP; P < 0.005), not with heart rate (HR) or TPR. These results indicate that in healthy subjects MCAV remains stable when measured under constant supine conditions but shows significant variations throughout 24 h because of activity. Moreover, changes in SV and CO, and to a lesser extent BP variations, affect MCAV throughout 24 h. [source] Basal ganglia and frontal involvement in self-generated and externally-triggered finger movements in the dominant and non-dominant handEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, Issue 6 2009Félix-Etienne François-Brosseau Abstract Although there are a number of functional neuroimaging studies that have investigated self-initiated and externally-triggered movements, data directly comparing right and left hands in this context are very scarce. The goal of this study was to further understand the role of the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex in the realm of self-initiated and externally-triggered right and left hand movements. Young healthy right-handed adults performed random, follow and repeat conditions of a finger moving task with their right and left hands, while being scanned with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Significant activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was observed when comparing the self-initiated movements with the repeated control and externally-triggered movements when using either hand in agreement with its role in monitoring. The caudate nucleus activation was found during self-initiated conditions compared with the control condition when either hand was used, showing that it is particularly involved when a new movement needs to be planned. Significant putamen activation was observed in all within-hand contrasts except for the externally-triggered vs. control condition when using the left hand. Furthermore, greater putaminal activation was found for the left vs. the right hand during the control condition, but for the right vs. the left hand subtraction for the self-initiated condition. Our results show that the putamen is particularly involved in the execution of non-routine movements, especially if those are self-initiated. Furthermore, we propose that, for right-handed people performing fine movements, as far as putamen involvement is concerned, the lack of proficiency of the non-dominant hand may prevail over other task demands. [source] Efficacy and safety of a new clobetasol propionate 0.05% foam in alopecia areata: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trialJOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY & VENEREOLOGY, Issue 10 2006Antonella Tosti Abstract Background, Clinical efficacy of topical corticosteroids in alopecia areata (AA) is still controversial. Positive clinical results have been obtained using ointments with occlusive dressing but this approach has a low patient compliance. Recently, a new topical formulation (thermophobic foam: Versafoam®) of clobetasol propionate 0.05% has been introduced on the market (Olux®, Mipharm, Milan, Italy) (CF). This formulation is easy to apply. After application to the skin the foam quickly evaporates without residues and it has a good patient compliance. In vitro studies have also shown that this formulation enhances the delivery of the active compound through the skin. Aim, To evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of CF in the treatment of moderate to severe AA. Subjects and methods, Thirty-four patients with moderate to severe AA (eight men, mean age 40 ± 13 years) were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, right-to-left, placebo-controlled, 24-week trial. Alopecia grading score (AGS) was calculated at baseline and after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment using a 0,5 score (0 = no alopecia; 5 = alopecia totalis). Clobetasol foam and the corresponding placebo foam (PF) were applied twice a day for 5 days/week for 12 weeks (phase 1) using an intrapatient design (right vs. left). From weeks 13 to 24 each enrolled patient continued only with the treatment (both on the right and left site) that was judged to have a greater efficacy than that on the contralateral side (phase 2). The primary outcome of the trial, evaluated on an intention-to-treat basis, was the hair regrowth rate, which was evaluated using a semiquantitative score (RGS) (from 0: no regrowth, to 4: regrowth of 75%). Results, At baseline the AGS was 4.1 (range: 2,5). Nine (26%) patients prematurely concluded the trial. At the end of phase 1, a greater hair regrowth was observed in 89% of the head sites treated with CF vs. 11% in the sites treated with PF. The RGS was 1.2 ± 1.6 in the CF-treated sites and 0.4 ± 0.8 in the PF-treated sites (P = 0.001). A RGS of 2 (hair regrowth of more than 25%) was observed in 42% CF-treated sites and in 13% of PF-treated sites (P = 0.027). In seven subjects (20%) a RGS of 3 to 4 (hair regrowth of 50%) was observed in CF-treated sites. In three subjects (9%) a RGS of 4 (hair regrowth of 75%) was observed in CF-treated sites. In one patient only, in a PF-treated region, a RGS of 3 was observed. The AS was reduced to 3.8 by CF treatment at the end of phase 1 and to 3.3 at the end of phase 2 (P = 0.01). From weeks 12 to 24 the treatment with CF induced a further increase in the RGS (from 1.2 to 1.5 ± 1.4). Forty-seven per cent of CF-treated patients had a RGS of 2 at the end of the trial. A total of eight patients (25%) at the end of the treatment with CF showed a RGS of 3. Folliculitis occurred in two patients. No significant modifications in cortisol and ACTH blood levels were observed during the trial. Conclusion, This new formulation of clobetasol propionate foam is an effective, safe and well-tolerated topical treatment for AA. This formulation has a good cosmetic acceptance and patient compliance profile. [source] Stereotyped neuropil branching of an identified stomatogastric motor neuronTHE JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY, Issue 4 2003Ann E. Wilensky Abstract Anatomical studies of the crab stomatogastric ganglion (STG) have suggested only minimal organization within the neuropil of this structure. Here, we present evidence that, for at least one intrinsic neuron type, the ventricular dilator (VD) neuron, a highly organized and stereotyped branching structure exists within the stomatogastric neuropil. Specifically, we show the morphology of the VD neuron consists of a single primary neurite that projects from the soma into the neuropil and bifurcates into a pair of subprimary neurites, which in turn exit the neuropilar region, one entering the left and the other the right medial ventricular nerve. Nearly all secondary neurite branching of the VD neuron is from the subprimary neurites. There are approximately 22 secondary branches/neuron (range 14,28), with no significant difference between the number of secondary branches off the right vs. the left subprimary neurite, although the ratio of secondary branches between subprimaries varies (range 0.4,1.6). The fine neurites that branch from the secondary processes segregate hemispherically within the neuropil, based on the subprimary neurite of origin. Within this hemispherical organization, another level of fine neurite segregation is present, namely, the fine neurites derived from each secondary branch are restricted to discrete regions of the hemisphere with only minimal overlap with those derived from other secondary branches. Monte Carlo simulations show that this segregation differs significantly from a random distribution. The organization of branching seen in the VD neuron may play a critical role in the electrotonic and local computational organization of this neuron and sets the stage for physiological experimentation addressing these issues. J. Comp. Neurol. 466:554,563, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Parathyroid Adenoma Localization: Surgeon-Performed Ultrasound Versus Sestamibi,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 8 2006David L. Steward MD Abstract Objectives: Compare surgeon-performed ultrasound versus sestamibi for preoperative parathyroid adenoma localization. Study Design: Single-institutional cohort. Methods: One hundred six consecutive patients undergoing parathyroidectomy at an academic institution between 2004 to 2005 were included. Of those, 103 underwent both surgeon-performed ultrasound and sestamibi-Tc99m localization preoperatively. Primary outcome is sensitivity for adenoma localization to correct quadrant (right vs. left, superior vs. inferior). Results: Hypercalcemia resolved in 97% of patients. Sensitivities for correct quadrant localization for ultrasound versus sestamibi were 87% versus 58% (P < .001). Specificities were 95%. Positive and negative predictive values were 85% versus 78% and 96% versus 87%, respectively. Combined sensitivity was 93%. Sensitivities for correct side localization were 91% and 74% (P = .002). Conclusions: Ultrasound appears more sensitive than sestamibi for localization to correct quadrant or side when performed in-office by the author in this cohort. [source] | |||||||||||||