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Resultant Increase (resultant + increase)
Selected AbstractsExtending the reading time increases the accuracy of rapid whole blood test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infectionJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY, Issue 12 2001Tseng-Shing Chen Abstract Background: To evaluate the accuracy of two rapid whole blood tests (the BM-Test Helicobacter pylori and the QuikPac IV One Step H. pylori Whole Blood Test), and compare this to a conventional quantitative ELISA test (HEL-p TEST II). Methods:Helicobacter pylori status in dyspeptic patients was assessed by culture, histology, and rapid urease tests on biopsies from the antrum and corpus. The optimal cut-off value of the reading time for the rapid blood tests was determined by using the receiver characteristics operative (ROC) curves. Results: In the 141 patients examined, 89 were infected, 51 were not infected, and one was indeterminate (only positive in either urease test or histology). Areas under ROC curves were greater in the BM-Test compared with the QuikPac IV (0.948 vs 0.840, P < 0.01), with their most appropriate cut-off reading times at 360 and 395 min, respectively, rather than 10 min as suggested by the manufacturer. The sensitivity and specificity were 94.4% and 94.1% at 360 min, and 74.2 and 96.1% at 10 min for the BM-Test; 80.9, 76.5 at 395 min and 3.4 and 100% at 10 min for the QuikPac IV. The antibody titer of the quantitative ELISA test was negatively correlated with the reaction time of the two rapid blood tests in H. pylori -infected patients (P < 0.05, r = ,0.3). Conclusions: The BM-Test is an appropriate office-based test for diagnosing H. pylori infection in Chinese patients. Extending the reading time would facilitate the readability of rapid blood tests with a resultant increase in accuracy. [source] Cross-cutting moraines reveal evidence for North Atlantic influence on glaciers in the tropical Andes,JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE, Issue 3 2010Jacqueline A. Smith Abstract Surface exposure dating of boulders on an exceptionally well-preserved sequence of moraines in the Peruvian Andes reveals the most detailed record of glaciation heretofore recognised in the region. The high degree of moraine preservation resulted from dramatic changes in the flow path of piedmont palaeoglaciers at the southern end of the Cordillera Blanca (10° 00, S, 77° 16, W), which, in turn, generated a series of cross-cutting moraines. Sixty 10Be surface exposure ages indicate at least four episodes of palaeoglacier stabilisation (>65, ca. 65, ca. 32 and ca. 18,15,ka) and several minor advances or stillstands on the western side of the Nevado Jeulla Rajo massif. The absence of ages close to the global Last Glacial Maximum (ca. 21,ka) suggests that if an advance culminated at that time any resulting moraines were subsequently overridden. The timing of expanded ice cover in the central Peruvian Andes correlates broadly with the timing of massive iceberg discharge (Heinrich) events in the North Atlantic Ocean, suggesting a possible causal connection between southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone during Heinrich events and a resultant increase in precipitation in the tropical Andes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Pediatric living donor lobar lung transplantationPEDIATRIC TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 7 2006Stuart C. Sweet Abstract:, Living donor lobar lung transplantation (LDLLT) was developed in order to mitigate the growing competition for deceased donor (DD) lungs and resultant increase in waiting list mortality. Because each of the two donor lobes serves as an entire lung for the recipient, donors who are taller than the recipient are preferred. Therefore LDLLT is particularly well suited for pediatric recipients for whom adults serve as donors. Although long-term outcomes after LDLLT reported by the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) are worse compared with DD recipients, overall pediatric outcomes as well as single center reports from the most experienced programs are more promising. Particularly encouraging are the findings that bronchiolitis obliterans (OB) is less frequent or less severe in LDLLT recipients in comparison to DD recipients. Moreover, outcomes may be improved by careful selection of donors to ensure adequately sized donor lobes and minimization of infectious risks. Although no donor deaths have been reported, there is a moderate risk of significant short-term complications. Long-term follow-up has not been reported. The use of LDLLT has decreased in recent years, and the recent change by the OPTN to an urgency/benefit allocation system for DD lungs in patients 12 yr and older may further reduce the demand. Nonetheless, we anticipate that LDLLT will continue to be utilized in select circumstances, particularly in children under 12 where access to DD organs remains challenging. [source] Non-equilibrium phonon dynamics studied by grazing-incidence femtosecond X-ray crystallographyACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION A, Issue 2 2010S. L. Johnson The timescales for structural changes in a single crystal of bismuth after excitation with an intense near-infrared laser pulse are studied with femtosecond pump-probe X-ray diffraction. Changes in the intensity and reciprocal-lattice vector of several reflections give quantitative information on the structure factor and lattice strain as a function of time, with a resolution of 200,fs. The results indicate that the majority of excess carrier energy that remains near the surface is transferred to vibrational modes on a timescale of about 10,ps, and that the resultant increase in the variance of the atomic positions at these times is consistent with the overall magnitude of lattice strain that develops. [source] In vivo evaluation of an implantable portal pump system for augmenting liver perfusionBRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 8 2000L. R. Jiao Background Increasing portal inflow in cirrhosis using a mechanical pump reduces portal venous pressure and improves liver function. A pump has been developed for portal vein implantation in human cirrhosis. This study describes the initial in vivo evaluation in a porcine model. Methods Five Large White pigs underwent laparotomy and exposure of the liver. Flow in the hepatic artery, portal vein and hepatic microcirculation was monitored continuously. Hepatic tissue oxygenation was measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. After baseline measurements the pump was inserted into the portal vein. Pump flow rate was then increased stepwise to 50 per cent over the baseline value for a period of 2 h. The pump was then stopped for 20 min and left in situ while continuing to collect systemic and hepatic haemodynamic data. The animal was killed and biopsies for histological examination were taken from the liver, small intestine and spleen. Results The baseline total hepatic blood flow was 626(39) ml/min; the hepatic artery supplied 18·4(2·1) per cent and the portal vein 81·6(2·1) per cent. The pump was inserted successfully in all animals without surgical complications. During surgical insertion of the pump, the temporary portal vein occlusion resulted in a significant rise in hepatic artery blood flow (22(3) per cent; P < 0·01 versus baseline). Portal vein flow was augmented by pumping; there was a significant correlation between the pump motor speed and portal vein flow (P < 0·0001). This inflow correlated directly with flow in the hepatic microcirculation and hepatic tissue oxygenation (P < 0·001). The pump ran satisfactorily throughout the study. Histological examination revealed no evidence of structural damage to the liver or ischaemic changes in the small intestine or spleen. Conclusion It is technically possible and safe to insert an implantable pump in the portal vein. Portal venous blood flow can be increased up to 50 per cent with a resultant increase in flow in the hepatic microcirculation and hepatic oxygenation and without adverse effects on either hepatic or systemic haemodynamics. © 2000 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd [source] Sustainable Management of the Global Carbon Cycle Through Geostorage of WoodCHEMSUSCHEM CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABILITY, ENERGY & MATERIALS, Issue 7 2009Gerhard Kreysa Prof. Abstract Combustion of fossil energy sources has caused the carbon inventory of the atmosphere to increase by more than 200,Gt. It will be almost impossible to prevent it from growing by at least another 400,Gt in the present century. Theoretically, there exists only one single possibility to effect a decline of the resultant increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration: the excess carbon has to be removed from the carbon cycle by transferring it into an environment in which it is safe from oxidation, just as is the case for the deposits of fossil fuels. Only natural photosynthesis offers the possibility of efficiently fixing carbon dioxide from the air and removing it from the carbon cycle through geostorage of the resulting biomass. The present paper shows, in the context of an initial feasibility study, that the use of forests and the geostorage of wood in an environment corresponding to lignite deposits represents the ecologically most sensible and economical variant of removal of carbon from the carbon cycle and, thereby, reclamation of the atmosphere. [source] | |||||||||||||