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Resultant Decrease (resultant + decrease)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Prophylactic treatment of severe factor X deficiency with prothrombin complex concentrate

HAEMOPHILIA, Issue 2 2001
P. A. Kouides
Factor X (FX) deficiency is an autosomal recessive trait that occurs in fewer than 1 in 500 000 people. Not surprisingly, reports of prophylactic treatment for FX deficiency are exceedingly rare. We now report our experience of the use of prophylactic therapy in a FX-deficient patient. This 18-year-old African-American male presented at the age of 4½ years with an FX level < 1%. Treatment was on demand with prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) given at two times the dose per kilogram of body weight for factor IX. He experienced frequent epistaxis, soft tissue bleeding and joint bleeding. The development of a target joint (right ankle) prompted the initiation of prophylactic treatment in the beginning of 1998 to the present with 30 units kg,1 Profilnine twice per week via a home infusion programme. If breakthrough bleeding occurred, he was instructed to infuse another dose. He was instructed that Profilnine should not be infused in more than two doses in 24 h or on more than three consecutive days. A trough level drawn 48 h post-infusion showed an FX level of 30%. In the initial 12 months with prophylactic treatment, there was no breakthrough bleeding. Subsequently, with an additional 11 months of follow-up, he has reported one bleed. He rates his quality of life improved since starting prophylactic treatment. There have been no thrombotic events. Prophylaxis with PCC for FX deficiency with adequate education and follow-up can be performed capably in the home setting with a resultant decrease in the frequency of bleeding and attendant complications. [source]

The initiation and development of metamorphic foliation in the Otago Schist, Part 1: competitive oriented growth of white mica

JOURNAL OF METAMORPHIC GEOLOGY, Issue 6 2005
A. STALLARD
Abstract The 3D shape, size and orientation data for white mica grains sampled along two transects of increasing metamorphic grade in the Otago Schist, New Zealand, reveal that metamorphic foliation, as defined by mica shape-preferred orientation (SPO), developed rapidly at sub-greenschist facies conditions early in the deformation history. The onset of penetrative strain metamorphism is marked by the rapid elimination of poorly oriented large clastic mica in favour of numerous new smaller grains of contrasting composition, higher aspect ratios and a strong preferred orientation. The metamorphic mica is blade shaped with long axes defining the linear aspect of the foliation and intermediate axes a partial girdle about the lineation. Once initiated, foliation progressively intensified by an increase in the aspect ratio, size and alignment of grains, although highest grade samples within the chlorite zone record a decrease in aspect ratio and reduction in SPO strength despite continued increase in grain size. These trends are interpreted in terms of progressive competitive anisotropic growth of blade-shaped grains so that the fastest growth directions and blade lengths tend to parallel the extension direction during deformation. The competitive nature of mica growth is indicated by the progressive increase in size and resultant decrease in number of metamorphic mica with increasing grade, from c. 1000 relatively small mica grains per square millimetre of thin section at lower grades, to c. 100 relatively large grains per square millimetre in higher grade samples. Reversal of SPO intensity and grain aspect ratio trends in higher grade samples may reflect a reduction in the strain rate or reduction in the deviatoric component of the stress field. [source]

Electrical properties of structured HIPS/gamma-irradiated UHMWPE/carbon black blends

POLYMER ENGINEERING & SCIENCE, Issue 4 2000
O. Breuer
HIPS/UHMWPE and HIPS/XL-UHMWPE containing carbon black (CB) are unique systems in which CB is attracted to the PE, and thus structuring takes place affecting the morphology and the resultant electrical properties. UHMWPE, having a very high viscosity, was chosen as the dispersed phase within HIPS in place of a conventional polymer in order to explore possibilities of obtaining unique structures that would induce the CB to segregate and form a conductive network. XL-UHMWPE particles also constitute an interesting dispersed phase, maintaming their highly porous and intricate structure even subsequent to melt processing. In both cases the CB is located at the interface; however, differences in resistivity values are observed. When low UHMWPE or XL-UHMWPE contents are incorporated, the HIPS/XL-UHMWPE/CB compositions have lower resistivities due to the heterogeneity of the interface, even at high shear rates. When high UHMWPE or XL-UHMWPE contents are utilized, the trends reverse: HIPS/UHMWPE/CB depict enhanced conductivity, due to the dominance of UHMWPE particle coalescence and the resultant decrease in surface area. This is contrary to what happens with the XL-UHMWPE particles, where the surface area increases with their higher contents, since they do not coalesce. [source]

Theophylline attenuates Ca2+ sensitivity and modulates BK channels in porcine tracheal smooth muscle

BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 5 2003
Shinji Ise
Theophylline, a nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has long been regarded as a major bronchodilator in the treatment of human asthma. Using front-surface fluorometry with fura-2 and , -toxin permeabilization, the effects of theophylline on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), tension development and Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile apparatus were investigated in porcine tracheal smooth muscle strips. Application of theophylline induced a relaxation without a significant decrease in [Ca2+]i when strips were precontracted by 40 mM K+ depolarization, while theophylline significantly decreased both [Ca2+]i and tension induced by carbachol. The effects of theophylline on the increases in [Ca2+]i and tension induced by carbachol were significantly inhibited by iberiotoxin, an inhibitor of large-conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ channels. In the absence of extracellular Ca2+, theophylline significantly attenuated carbachol-induced transient increases in tension development, while it did not affect carbachol-induced transient increase in [Ca2+]i. The [Ca2+]i,force relationship, which was determined by cumulative applications of extracellular Ca2+ (0,5 mM) during 40 mM K+ depolarization, was significantly shifted to the right by theophylline. In , -toxin permeabilized strips, theophylline significantly increased the EC50 value of [Ca2+]i for contraction and enhanced the effect of cAMP, but not of cGMP. These results indicate that theophylline induces relaxation of the porcine tracheal smooth muscle through an activation of BK channels, and a resultant decrease in [Ca2+]i and an attenuation of Ca2+ sensitivity, presumably through the action of cAMP. British Journal of Pharmacology (2003) 140, 939,947. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0705508 [source]