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Restoration Options (restoration + option)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Life Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

Public Values for River Restoration Options on the Middle Rio Grande

RESTORATION ECOLOGY, Issue 6 2009
Matthew A. Weber
Abstract River restoration is a widespread phenomenon. This reflects strong public values for conservation, though missing are studies explicitly justifying restoration expenditures. Public restoration benefits are not well quantified, nor are public preferences among diverse activities falling into the broad category "restoration." Our study estimates public values for restoration on the Middle Rio Grande, New Mexico. Stakeholder meetings and public focus groups guided development of a restoration survey mailed to Albuquerque area households. Four restoration categories were defined: fish and wildlife; vegetation density; tree type; and natural river processes. Survey responses supplied data for both choice experiment (CE) and contingent valuation (CV) analyses, two established environmental economics techniques for quantifying public benefits of conservation policies. Full restoration benefits are estimated at over $150 per household per year via the CE and at nearly $50 per household per year via CV. The CE allows value disaggregation among different restoration categories. The most highly valued category was tree type, meaning reestablishing native tree dominance for such species as Cottonwood (Populus deltoides) and eradicating non-native trees such as Saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissma). The high public values we have found for restoration offer economic justification for intensive riparian management, particularly native plant-based restoration in the Southwest. [source]

Restoration options for potential persistence of submersed aquatic vegetation: combining ecological, hydrodynamic and sediment transport modelling

FRESHWATER BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2008
ELLY P. H. BEST
Summary 1. Restoration of shallow turbid lakes to promote growth of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) requires knowledge of the environmental factors affecting SAV growth and persistence, and a means to predict the success of SAV reestablishment under different management scenarios to improve these environmental conditions. We used a dynamic ecological modelling approach relating SAV responses to changes in physical and chemical conditions, with information on water level, flow and transparency being provided by hydrodynamic and sediment transport models. 2. The potential persistence of Vallisneria americana was similar under simulated environmental conditions in 1946 and in 1954, as was the potential persistence of Potamogeton pectinatus, indicating that the disappearance of V. americana from Peoria Lake (U.S.A.) previously attributed to an extended spring flood in 1954, may have been related to the combined effects of changes in water level, flow and water transparency as well as possibly other factors. 3. Recent environmental conditions (for 2000) proved not to be conducive for the colonization and persistence potential of V. americana, but would allow colonization by P. pectinatus. The construction of a hypothetical levee along the eastern descending line of the navigation channel in Upper Peoria Lake, which was expected to reduce fetch- and navigation-related turbidity, did not improve the situation for V. americana and overall deteriorated the situation for P. pectinatus. Thus, such a hydraulic alteration, generally considered as beneficial for SAV restoration, may not always be successful. 4. The results of the simulations indicated that the environmental conditions for potential persistence in Peoria Lake were generally less favourable for V. americana than for P. pectinatus. Measures suggested to restore SAV communities in such a lake should aim at reducing concentrations of total suspended solids at the point of inflow by a factor of three to four and limiting fetch- and navigation-related resuspension. [source]

Adaptive restoration of sand-mined areas for biological conservation

JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, Issue 1 2005
JASON CUMMINGS
Summary 1Adaptive management approaches to ecological restoration are current best practice. The usefulness of such an approach was tested in this study by implementing repeated experiments that examined restoration options for derelict sand mine sites dominated by Imperata cylindrica. Reclamation of degraded land that is dominated by I. cylindrica is a common problem throughout the tropics. 2Initially, the hypothesized barrier to regeneration was limited seedling establishment because of I. cylindrica competition. After burning the grassland, woody weed control and planting of seedlings were implemented in factorial combination. 3Seedling survival 28 months after planting averaged 26%, with < 1% of all seedlings establishing to a height > 1 m. The hypothesis that a transition barrier comprising solely biotic interactions restricted regeneration of native woody cover was rejected after seedlings and natural regeneration failed to thrive in this experiment. 4A revised hypothesis, that the transition barrier comprised a combination of abiotic limitations (soil deficiencies) and biotic interactions (Wallabia bicolor browsing and I. cylindrica competition), was developed. A second experiment tested this hypothesis by removing W. bicolor (fencing), slashing the I. cylindrica, adding organic mulch and planting a mixture of native pioneer and secondary successional woody species in factorial combination. 5Seedling survival was 61% in the second experiment and mulching significantly enhanced the survival and growth of all planted species. Planting alone reduced the regeneration of I. cylindrica after slashing. Native woody cover establishment was maximized by planting seedlings in mulched treatments. 6Synthesis and applications. Taken together, these experiments support the hypothesis that there is a barrier restricting regeneration of native woody cover, and the barrier probably comprises both abiotic and biotic components. By adopting an adaptive management approach to the ecological restoration of sites, significant insights into their management requirements have been gained, supporting the current best practice restoration framework. Insights gained through monitoring and adaptation will be used to update the reserve plan of management, enhancing restoration of this severely degraded area and promoting connectivity of native woody cover within the conservation estate. [source]

Provisional restoration options in implant dentistr

AUSTRALIAN DENTAL JOURNAL, Issue 3 2007
RE Santosa
Abstract Unlike their use in conventional crown and bridge, provisional restorations during implant therapy have been underutilized. Provisional restorations should be used to evaluate aesthetic, phonetic and occlusal function prior to delivery of the final implant restorations, while preserving and/or enhancing the condition of the peri-implant and gingival tissues. Provisional restorations are useful as a communication tool between members of the treatment team which, in most cases, consists of the restorative clinician, implant surgeons, laboratory technicians, and the patient. This article describes and discusses the various options for provisionalization in implant dentistry. Clinicians should be aware of the different types of provisional restorations and the indications for their use when planning implant retained restorations. [source]