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Research Reveals (research + reveal)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting50%
Humanities and Social Sciences33%

Selected Abstracts

Human Vulnerability, Dislocation and Resettlement: Adaptation Processes of River-bank Erosion-induced Displacees in Bangladesh

DISASTERS, Issue 1 2004
David Mutton
The purpose of this research was to identify and analyse patterns of economic and social adaptation among river-bank erosion-induced displacees in Bangladesh. It was hypothesised that the role of social demographic and socio-economic variables in determining the coping ability and recovery of the river-bank erosion-induced displacees is quite significant. The findings of the research reveal that displacees experience substantial socio-economic impoverishment and marginalisation as a consequence of involuntary migration. This in part is a socially constructed process, reflecting inequitable access to land and other resources. Vulnerability to disasters is further heightened by a number of identifiable social and demographic factors including gender, education and age, although extreme poverty and marginalisation create complexity to isolate the relative influence of these variables. The need to integrate hazard analysis and mitigation with the broader economic and social context is discussed. It is argued that the capacity of people to respond to environmental threats is a function of not only the physical forces which affect them, but also of underlying economic and social relationships which increase human vulnerability to risk. Hazard analysis and mitigation can be more effective when it takes into account such social and demographic and socio-economic dimensions of disasters. [source]

Sexual violence prevention through bystander education: An experimental evaluation

JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2007
Victoria L. Banyard
The current study used an experimental design to evaluate a sexual violence prevention program based on a community of responsibility model that teaches women and men how to intervene safely and effectively in cases of sexual violence before, during, and after incidents with strangers, acquaintances, or friends. It approaches both women and men as potential bystanders or witnesses to behaviors related to sexual violence. Three hundred and eighty-nine undergraduates participated and were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups or a control group. Results from the research reveal that up to 2 months after participating in either a one- or three-session version of the program, participants in the treatment conditions showed improvements across measures of attitudes, knowledge, and behavior while the control group did not. Most program effects persisted at 4- and 12-month follow-ups. The program appeared to benefit both women and men. Implications and future directions for research are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 35: 463,481, 2007. [source]

Fire in the American South: Vegetation Impacts, History, and Climatic Relations

GEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 8 2010
Charles W. Lafon
Fire plays a key role in many ecosystems of the southeastern U.S. Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) and Table Mountain pine-pitch pine (P. pungens,P. rigida) forests along with other ecosystems , including oak (Quercus) forests, grasslands, and spruce-fir (Picea-Abies) forests , illustrate the range of fire effects and plant persistence strategies in the American South. Fire history research reveals that fires and fire-associated vegetation were common before the fire exclusion of the past century. Both lightning and anthropogenic ignitions (caused by American Indians or European settlers) contributed to burning, but their relative importance is debated. The humid climate constrains burning, especially by lightning-ignited fires, which often occur during moist conditions. Studies of fire climatology indicate the importance of dry conditions (e.g. drought years and relatively dry areas) for widespread burning in this humid region. Landscape fragmentation also influences burning. In the past some fires also likely grew much larger than today because they were unimpeded by roads, farms, and other barriers. [source]

The influence of gender on the new-age elderly's consumption orientation

PSYCHOLOGY & MARKETING, Issue 10 2001
Elaine Sherman
This article offers some fresh insights on the richness of cognitive age as it is implicitly embodied as part of the conceptual and operational definition of the New-Age Elderly (and their counterpart,the Traditional Elderly). First, the research provides evidence of the reliability and validity of the NAVO scale, a relatively new measurement instrument, designed to identify the New-Age Elderly consumer. Then, as an important piece of new learning, the article explores the influence of gender on older consumers' consumption orientations. Among other things, the research indicates that older women (as compared to older men) seem to be more price conscious and more responsive to retail special and incentives, that they are more adventurous, and that they generally possess more market-relevant knowledge in the form of shopping smarts. Still further, the research reveals that both New-Age Elderly men and New-Age Elderly women tend to be more optimistic about their financial situations than their Traditional Elderly counterparts. The article ends by offering suggestions relevant to the need for specific future research, and the potential marketing strategy implications of the research. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [source]

New evidence on expiration-day effects using realized volatility: An intraday analysis for the Spanish stock exchange

THE JOURNAL OF FUTURES MARKETS, Issue 9 2006
M. Illueca
Additional evidence is provided on expiration effects in the Ibex 35 stock index futures market using realized volatility as proposed by T. G. Andersen, T. Bollerslev, F. X. Diebold, and P. Labys (2003). Findings reveal not only a significant increase in spot trading activity, but also the existence of a significant jump in spot volatility at index futures expiration. Moreover, the importance of the data frequency considered is analyzed. Our research reveals that the use of GARCH methodology from daily data does not have the ability to statistically assess such expiration-day effect. Additional empirical evidence is provided for the S&P 500 stock index futures market. Neither unconditional nor conditional realized volatility has a significant increase at expiration for the U.S. market, suggesting that this effect is specific for the Spanish market, at least for the period analyzed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 26:923,938, 2006 [source]

Disability and the Performance Paradox: Can Social Capital Bridge the Divide?

BRITISH JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, Issue 3 2010
Kelly Williams-Whitt
This research captures the physical and social experience of disability by analysing the practical performance problems that arise when an ill or injured employee returns to work, and documenting how those problems are interpreted. The grounded theory approach suggests an alternative to the traditional biomedical or social perspectives on disability. Field research reveals four themes: attendance, disciplinary history, peer interaction and task function. Managerial and co-worker perceptions were significantly affected by interactions that occurred before any disability was known to exist. Historic patterns of social exchange strongly suggest that social capital theory explains problematic work performance. [source]