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Research Output (research + output)
Selected AbstractsTHE LIFE CYCLE RESEARCH OUTPUT OF PROFESSORS IN AUSTRALIAN ECONOMICS DEPARTMENTS: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRESECONOMIC PAPERS: A JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMICS AND POLICY, Issue 2 2003MITA BHATTACHARYA First page of article [source] Research output in anaesthesiaANAESTHESIA, Issue 5 2003J. Viby-Mogensen No abstract is available for this article. [source] What becomes of dental research trainees once they leave the Dental Research Institute?EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION, Issue 2 2008An analysis over 53 years Abstract The careers of 131 dental research trainees were followed (1954,2007) to establish whether and how they utilised their research training in keeping with clinical research workforce needs. The Dental Research Institute database was used to obtain trainee demographic, teaching and research outputs which were examined according to degree types: PhD (18); MSc (55); MDent (42) and dropout (16). Current careers show that 48% are in exclusive private practice and 15% in exclusive academia with further 15% practitioners having academic links via sessional teaching or research at a dental school. Most (63%) have remained in South Africa but emigration is high amongst the PhD and MSc groups. Forty-one per cent of the cohort is of age ,55 years and 16% <40 years old. The 131 trainees have published 2287 peer-reviewed journal papers over their careers: quantity of research output is skewed towards degree type (PhD) and individuals (10% trainees produced 65% of all publications). Recent trainees have little research experience prior to their training and a lower subsequent research output than earlier trainees. PhDs have participated in research for the greatest length of time (29.1 years). Academic teaching is heavily reliant on older and PhD trainees. It is proposed that a threshold of four publications be used to indicate minimum research skills and a period of formal academic teaching taken into account when advocating criteria to assess clinical research workforce requirements. [source] Predicting early career research productivity: the case of management facultyJOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR, Issue 1 2003Ian O. Williamson We used a longitudinal design to examine the predictors of early career research productivity for 152 management professors over the first six years of their career. Results revealed early career research productivity to be a function of dissertation advisor research productivity, pre-appointment research productivity, and the research output of a faculty member's academic origin and academic placement. However, the effects of these predictors varied over time in terms of strength. The findings are discussed in terms of guiding the evaluation and hiring of new researchers in knowledge-based industries. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A case study of the modified Hirsch index hm accounting for multiple coauthorsJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 6 2009Michael Schreiber J.E. Hirsch (2005) introduced the h -index to quantify an individual's scientific research output by the largest number h of a scientist's papers, that received at least h citations. This so-called Hirsch index can be easily modified to take multiple coauthorship into account by counting the papers fractionally according to (the inverse of) the number of authors. I have worked out 26 empirical cases of physicists to illustrate the effect of this modification. Although the correlation between the original and the modified Hirsch index is relatively strong, the arrangement of the datasets is significantly different depending on whether they are put into order according to the values of either the original or the modified index. [source] An empirical investigation of the g -index for 26 physicists in comparison with the h -index, the A -index, and the R -indexJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 9 2008Michael Schreiber J.E. Hirsch (2005) introduced the h -index to quantify an individual's scientific research output by the largest number h of a scientist's papers that received at least h citations. To take into account the highly skewed frequency distribution of citations, L. Egghe (2006a) proposed the g -index as an improvement of the h -index. I have worked out 26 practical cases of physicists from the Institute of Physics at Chemnitz University of Technology, and compare the h and g values in this study. It is demonstrated that the g -index discriminates better between different citation patterns. This also can be achieved by evaluating B.H. Jin's (2006) A -index, which reflects the average number of citations in the h -core, and interpreting it in conjunction with the h -index. h and A can be combined into the R -index to measure the h -core's citation intensity. I also have determined the A and R values for the 26 datasets. For a better comparison, I utilize interpolated indices. The correlations between the various indices as well as with the total number of papers and the highest citation counts are discussed. The largest Pearson correlation coefficient is found between g and R. Although the correlation between g and h is relatively strong, the arrangement of the datasets is significantly different depending on whether they are put into order according to the values of either h or g. [source] Seamount science scales undersea mountains: new research and outlookMARINE ECOLOGY, Issue 2010Thomas A. Schlacher Abstract Conventional wisdom suggests that seamounts harbour high levels of biodiversity and endemism, play important roles in marine biogeography, are hotspots of biological carbon processing, and support substantial fisheries. However, since fewer than 300 seamounts have been thoroughly sampled, these generalizations remain largely untested. This has provided the motivation for a number of seamount-focused research projects in recent years, including CenSeam, a field project within the Census of Marine Life. This issue presents some of the research output facilitated by CenSeam. Here we summarize the main findings and provide a précis of future research directions highlighted by contributors to the issue. Recent studies show that seamounts can have comparable levels of benthic diversity and endemism to continental margins, but their communities also include a distinct composition of species that can attain higher biomass. Reported geographic differentiation among seamount communities suggests limited larval dispersal, local speciation, geographic isolation, or a combination of these processes. Genetic studies contained in the issue address these themes explicitly, documenting complex patterns of connectivity that depend on spatial scale and life history characteristics. Globally, seamount ecosystems are also under pressure from bottom-contact fishing and ocean acidification. Contributions detailing the footprint of trawling and a risk assessment confirm what has long been suspected: seamount ecosystems are highly vulnerable to disturbance by bottom trawling and recovery from fishing impacts is a lengthy process, likely requiring decades at a minimum. A predicted shallowing of the aragonite saturation horizon caused by ocean acidification is predicted to place deep-water corals at risk, but seamounts may yet provide a spatial/chemical refuge from these impacts. The issue concludes with a ,myth-buster' synthesis that updates the status of the various seamount ecological paradigms. [source] PROLIFERATION OF ACADEMIC JOURNALS: EFFECTS ON RESEARCH QUANTITY AND QUALITYMETROECONOMICA, Issue 4 2007Rajeev K. Goel ABSTRACT There have been significant structural changes in research markets in recent years reflected in the increase in the number of academic journals. This paper uses a differential game model of authors and journal editors to examine the effects of an increase in competition among academic journals. Does an increase in the number of academic journals lead to an increase in scholarly articles published? Will an increase in publishing outlets adversely affect research quality? The results show greater competition does not affect research output and in fact enhances research quality. The number of journals and the relative discount rates of authors and editors are crucial determinants of the effects of competition. [source] A peer review process for games and softwareNEW DIRECTIONS FOR EVALUATION, Issue 118 2008Bride Mallon A peer-review process for assessing the contribution of artifacts, such as games and software to research, is proposed. Games and software produced as research output by academics tend to be accredited within their institution through discussion of the artifact, rather than directly. An independent judg-ment by peers confirming an artifact's contribution of something new, concep-tually or practically, to a discipline can then be used by academics as evidence in secondary research appraisals, such as promotion appraisals or research assessment exercises, an example being the United Kingdom's Research Assessment Exercise. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Forty-five years in climatology,a personal odysseyTHE CANADIAN GEOGRAPHER/LE GEOGRAPHE CANADIEN, Issue 1 2008WAYNE R. ROUSE This article presents a personal perspective on an academic and research vocation spanning a period of over 45 years. It starts with my early involvement in geography and climatology and terminates with my recent experience in a large interdisciplinary research venture. The presentation highlights, with specific examples, the importance of mentors. Also emphasized is the indispensable input of colleagues and graduate students to successful research endeavours. Most of my career has been centred on McMaster University, and I naturally draw on my experiences there. There have been great changes in the research world over the past few decades. Although the number of faculty and graduate students at McMaster remained relatively constant, the research output per person more than doubled. This is attributed in large part to the accelerating technological advancements in our ability to measure and our ability to process and manipulate data. In the environmental sciences, this has revolutionized the spatial and temporal scope of the scientific questions that can be addressed. Such major changes have stimulated a marked trend towards interdisciplinary research that has evolved from mainly wishful talking to active pursuit in a search to understand complex environmental interactions. Important among these is gaining insights into the processes and feedbacks driving climate change, whether natural or anthropologically induced. Equally important is gaining an understanding of the potential impacts resulting from climate change. My perception of my successes, failures and near misses divides chronologically into three periods that cover research in the early years, research in the central subarctic and research in the Mackenzie River Basin. Quarante-cinq ans en climatologie , une odyssée personnelle Cet article propose un regard personnel sur une carrière universitaire et en recherche échelonnée sur plus de 45 ans, de mes premières contributions à la géographie et la climatologie à mes expériences actuelles au sein d'un projet de recherche interdisciplinaire. L'importance du rôle des mentors est illustrée par des exemples. Le concours indispensable apporté par les collègues et les étudiants des cycles supérieurs au succès des démarches de recherche est également souligné. La majeure partie de mes expériences professionnelles s'est déroulée à l'université McMaster et c'est pourquoi il est naturel pour moi d'y faire référence. De grands changements ont bouleversé le monde de la recherche depuis quelques décennies. Malgré le fait que le nombre de professeurs et d'étudiants des cycles supérieurs soit demeuré relativement stable, la publication de résultats de recherche par personne a plus que doublé. Ceci est attribuable en grande partie au développement rapide des technologies qui nous permettent d'évaluer, de traiter et de manipuler les données. Nous assistons donc à une révolution dans le domaine des sciences environnementales au niveau des dimensions spatiales et temporelles des questions scientifiques que nous pouvons aborder. Ces changements d'envergure alimentent une tendance nette en faveur de la recherche interdisciplinaire qui a évolué d'un v,u pieux à une entreprise active visant à comprendre les interactions environnementales d'un haut niveau de complexité. Il est essentiel de mieux prendre conscience des processus et rétroactions qui interviennent dans les changements climatiques naturels ou d'origine anthropiques. Il est aussi très important de mieux comprendre les effets induits par les changements climatiques. Ma manière de percevoir mes réussites, échecs et quasi-succès se divise chronologiquement en trois époques: les recherches durant les premières années, les recherches menées dans le subarctique, et les recherches sur le bassin du fleuve Mackenzie. [source] A Multidimensional Ranking of Australian Economics DepartmentsTHE ECONOMIC RECORD, Issue 256 2006JOAN R. RODGERS This study uses cluster analysis to classify Australian economics departments into groups that have similar quantities of research output, measured by two publication counts, and similar quality of research output, measured by a citation count. Three groups of departments are identified and factor analysis is used to rank the groups. Whether research output is measured in total or on a per staff basis, Melbourne is in the group that ranks first, the remaining members of the ,group of eight' are in one or other of the top two groups, and at least 15 other departments are in the third-ranked group. [source] Twenty Hirsch index variants and other indicators giving more or less preference to highly cited papersANNALEN DER PHYSIK, Issue 8 2010M. Schreiber Abstract The Hirsch index or h-index is widely used to quantify the impact of an individual's scientific research output, determining the highest number h of a scientist's papers that received at least h citations. Several variants of the index have been proposed in order to give more or less preference to highly cited papers. I analyse the citation records of 26 physicists discussing various suggestions, in particular A, e, f, g, h(2), hw, hT, ,, m, ,, R, s, t, w, and maxprod. The total number of all and of all cited publications as well as the highest and the average number of citations are also compared. Advantages and disadvantages of these indices and indicators are discussed. Correlation coefficients are determined quantifying which indices and indicators yield similar and which yield more deviating rankings of the 26 datasets. For 6 datasets the determination of the indices and indicators is visualized. [source] The influence of self-citation corrections and the fractionalised counting of multi-authored manuscripts on the Hirsch indexANNALEN DER PHYSIK, Issue 9 2009M. Schreiber Abstract The Hirsch index or h -index is widely used to quantify the impact of an individual's scientific research output, determining the highest number h of a scientist's papers that received at least h citations. Fractionalised counting of the publications is an appropriate way to distribute the impact of a paper among all the coauthors of a multi-authored manuscript in an easy way, leading to a simple modification hm of the h -index. On the other hand the exclusion of self-citations allows one to sharpen the index, what is appropriate, because self-citations are usually not reflecting the significance of a publication. I have previously analysed the citation records of 26 physicists discussing the sharpened index hs as well as the modification hm of the original h -index. In the present investigation I combine these two procedures yielding the modified sharpened index hms. For a better comparison, interpolated indices are utilized. The correlations between the indices are rather strong, but nevertheless the positions of some datasets change, in a few cases significantly, depending on whether they are put into order according to the values of h, hm, hs, or hms. This leads to the conclusion that the additional effort in determining the modified sharpened index hms is worth performing in order to obtain a fairer evaluation of the citation records. [source] Characteristics and Trends of Published Emergency Medicine ResearchACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 7 2007Michael P. Wilson MD Objectives:Despite its importance in improving patient care, the state of published emergency medicine (EM) research is poorly understood. The countries of origin, methodological characteristics, sources of funding, and ongoing trends in this research are unknown. Knowledge of these characteristics has important policy, research, and clinical implications for academic EM. Methods:The National Library of Medicine's PubMed database was searched for all articles published from 1996 to 2005 that originated from EM departments. The date and journal of publication, country of origin, study methodology, and, in the case of U.S. articles, acknowledgment of National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant support were noted. Journal impact factors of the publishing journal were assigned to each article. The aggregated data were then analyzed for country, journal of origin, and trend. Results:Of the 14,605 articles originating from EM departments, the United States published 8,550 (58.54%), followed by the United Kingdom with 1,222 (8.37%) and Japan with 663 (4.54%). Significant publication growth was detected worldwide (116.6 articles per year; 95% confidence interval = 101.1 to 132.1; p < 0.0001) and in 17 of the top 20 EM research,producing countries. Among published U.S. studies, the NIH funded 388 (4.5%). Of all articles, 6,152 (41.8%) were published in dedicated EM journals. Conclusions:Emergency medicine research output is increasing worldwide. The United States is the largest producer of EM research, only a small fraction of which is supported by the NIH. The majority of research published by emergency researchers is published in non-EM journals. [source] What becomes of dental research trainees once they leave the Dental Research Institute?EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION, Issue 2 2008An analysis over 53 years Abstract The careers of 131 dental research trainees were followed (1954,2007) to establish whether and how they utilised their research training in keeping with clinical research workforce needs. The Dental Research Institute database was used to obtain trainee demographic, teaching and research outputs which were examined according to degree types: PhD (18); MSc (55); MDent (42) and dropout (16). Current careers show that 48% are in exclusive private practice and 15% in exclusive academia with further 15% practitioners having academic links via sessional teaching or research at a dental school. Most (63%) have remained in South Africa but emigration is high amongst the PhD and MSc groups. Forty-one per cent of the cohort is of age ,55 years and 16% <40 years old. The 131 trainees have published 2287 peer-reviewed journal papers over their careers: quantity of research output is skewed towards degree type (PhD) and individuals (10% trainees produced 65% of all publications). Recent trainees have little research experience prior to their training and a lower subsequent research output than earlier trainees. PhDs have participated in research for the greatest length of time (29.1 years). Academic teaching is heavily reliant on older and PhD trainees. It is proposed that a threshold of four publications be used to indicate minimum research skills and a period of formal academic teaching taken into account when advocating criteria to assess clinical research workforce requirements. [source] | ||||||||||||||||