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Report Instruments (report + instruments)
Selected AbstractsDetecting language problems: accuracy of five language screening instruments in preschool childrenDEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE & CHILD NEUROLOGY, Issue 2 2007H M E Van Agt MA To identify a simple and effective screening instrument for language delays in 3-year-old children the reliability, validity, and accuracy of five screening instruments were examined. A postal questionnaire sent to parents of 11423 children included the Dutch version of the General Language Screen (GLS), the Van Wiechen (VW) items, the Language Screening Instrument for 3- to 4-year-olds, consisting of a parent form (LSI-PF) and a child test (LSI-CT), and parents' own judgement of their child's language development on a visual analogue scale (VAS). The response rate was 78% or 8877 children. Reliability (internal consistency) was found to be acceptable (,=0.67,0.72) for all instruments. Significant correlations between the screening instruments (r=0.29,0.55, p<0.01) indicated good concurrent validity. Accuracy was estimated by the sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves against two reference tests based on parent report and specialists' judgement. If the test would classify approximately 5% of the population as screen-positive, the mean sensitivity was 50%; assigning between 20% and 30% of the population as screen-positive, the mean sensitivity was 77%. The sensitivity was lowest for the LSI-CT (range 43,62%), whereas short instruments like the LSI-PF, VW, and the one-item VAS exhibited high levels of sensitivity (range 50,86%). The area under the ROC curves, ranged from 0.75 to 0.87. Apparently, short and simple parent report instruments like the LSI-PF and the one-item VAS perform remarkably well in detecting language delays in preschool children. [source] Comparing the psychometric properties of multiple teacher report instruments as predictors of bipolar disorder in children and adolescentsJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2008Eric A. Youngstrom Abstract The psychometric properties of four teacher report measures and their utility for accurate diagnosis of pediatric bipolar spectrum disorders (BPSDs) were examined. Participants were 191 youth (65% male; 62% African-American; 23% diagnosed with a BPSD), age 5,18 (M=10.16, SD=3.27) years, 70% recruited from a community mental health center and 30% recruited from a mood disorders clinic. Teachers "who knew the child best" were asked to complete the Achenbach Teacher Report Form (TRF) as well as teacher versions of the General Behavior Inventory (T-GBI), the Child Mania Rating Scale (CMRS-T), and the Young Mania Rating Scale (T-YMRS). Teacher response rates and missing data varied significantly depending on the age of the child. Exploratory factor analysis identified stable and interpretable factors; however, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and logistic regression analyses showed that teacher report measures were not able to discriminate BPSD cases from non-BPSD cases, or from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) cases. Teacher report appears to be insufficiently specific or sensitive to BPSD for clinical diagnostic use, although teacher scales might have research utility. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 64: 1,20, 2008. [source] The Impact of a Multidisciplinary, Integrated Approach on Improving the Health and Quality of Care for Individuals Dealing With Multiple Chronic ConditionsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 1 2006Christina M. Krause PhD This study examined the effects of using a multidisciplinary, integrated, whole,person, team advocate approach to educate and empower participants with multiple chronic illnesses and coordinate, monitor, and support their health care process. Individuals (N = 39) from Midwest hospitals participated and completed self,report instruments. Changes in participants' functioning were also measured with diagnostic measures completed by the team advocates. The results indicate that the participants' perceptions of physical functioning, physical well,being, control, self,efficacy, and life satisfaction increased. Additionally, health,related behavior changes were reported, and short,term costs were significantly lower than projected costs. Finally, the participants rated their health care services in the program as more effective than previous health care services. [source] Sleep problems, sleepiness and daytime behavior in preschool-age childrenTHE JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY AND ALLIED DISCIPLINES, Issue 12 2009Beth Goodlin-Jones Background:, Sleep problems are a common complaint of parents of preschool children. Children with neurodevelopmental disorders have even more disrupted sleep than typically developing children. Although disrupted nighttime sleep has been reported to affect daytime behavior, the pathway from sleep disruption to sleep problems, to impairments in daytime performance or behavior is not clear. This multi-method, preliminary study assessed this path in 68 children with autism, matched to 57 children with developmental delay without autism and 69 children developing typically. Methods:, Actigraphy, structured questionnaires, laboratory assessments, and parent reports were obtained in 194 children. Results:, Controlling for diagnosis and developmental age of the child, nighttime sleep problems determined by parent reports were significantly associated with decrements in daytime behavior, also measured by parent report instruments. However, actigraph-defined sleep problems and objective measures of daytime sleepiness were not associated with decrements in daytime performance. Conclusions:, Parent report measures substantiate relationships between disrupted sleep patterns and waking behavior. Further understanding of the pathway from sleep disorders to daytime sleepiness and decrements in waking performance, however, may require more rigorous methods of assessment such as polysomnography and the multiple sleep latency test. [source] Parent-proxy report of their children's health-related quality of life: an analysis of 13 878 parents' reliability and validity across age subgroups using the PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core ScalesCHILD: CARE, HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 5 2007Richard Reading Parent-proxy report of their children's health-related quality of life: an analysis of 13 878 parents' reliability and validity across age subgroups using the PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales . VarniJ. W., LimbersC. A. & BurwinkleT. M. ( 2007 ) Health and Quality of Life Outcomes , 5 , 2 . DOI:10.1186/1477-7525-5-2. Background, Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measurement has emerged as an important health outcome in clinical trials, clinical practice improvement strategies, and healthcare services research and evaluation. While paediatric patient self-report should be considered the standard for measuring perceived HRQOL, there are circumstances when children are too young, too cognitively impaired, too ill or fatigued to complete an HRQOL instrument, and reliable and valid parent-proxy report instruments are needed in such cases. Further, it is typically parents' perceptions of their children's HRQOL that influences healthcare utilization. Data from the PedsQL DatabaseSM were utilized to test the reliability and validity of parent-proxy report at the individual age subgroup level for ages 2,16 years as recommended by recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines. Methods, The sample analysed represents parent-proxy report age data on 13 878 children ages 2,16 years from the PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales DatabaseSM. Parents were recruited from general paediatric clinics, sub-specialty clinics and hospitals in which their children were being seen for well-child checks, mild acute illness or chronic illness care (n = 3,718, 26.8%), and from a State Children's Health Insurance Program in California (n = 10 160, 73.2%). Results, The percentage of missing item responses for the parent-proxy report sample as a whole was 2.1%, supporting feasibility. The majority of the parent-proxy report scales across the age subgroups exceeded the minimum internal consistency reliability standard of 0.70 required for group comparisons, while the total scale scores across the age subgroups approached or exceeded the reliability criterion of 0.90 recommended for analysing individual patient scale scores. Construct validity was demonstrated utilizing the known groups approach. For each PedsQL scale and summary score, across age subgroups, healthy children demonstrated a statistically significant difference in HRQOL (better HRQOL) than children with a known chronic health condition, with most effect sizes in the medium-to-large effect size range. Conclusion, The results demonstrate the feasibility, reliability and validity of parent-proxy report at the individual age subgroup for ages 2,16 years. These analyses are consistent with recent FDA guidelines which require instrument development and validation testing for children and adolescents within fairly narrow age groupings and which determine the lower age limit at which reliable and valid responses across age categories are achievable. Even as paediatric patient self-report is advocated, there remains a fundamental role for parent-proxy report in paediatric clinical trials and health services research. [source] | |||||||||||||