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Reminder
Terms modified by Reminder Selected AbstractsProviders' Beliefs, Attitudes, and Behaviors before Implementing a Computerized Pneumococcal Vaccination ReminderACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 12 2006Judith W. Dexheimer MS Abstract Background The emergency department (ED) has been recommended as a suitable setting for offering pneumococcal vaccination; however, implementations of ED vaccination programs remain scarce. Objectives To understand beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of ED providers before implementing a computerized reminder system. Methods An anonymous, five-point Likert-scale, 46-item survey was administered to emergency physicians and nurses at an academic medical center. The survey included aspects of ordering patterns, implementation strategies, barriers, and factors considered important for an ED-based vaccination initiative as well as aspects of implementing a computerized vaccine-reminder system. Results Among 160 eligible ED providers, the survey was returned by 64 of 67 physicians (96%), and all 93 nurses (100%). The vaccine was considered to be cost effective by 71% of physicians, but only 2% recommended it to their patients. Although 98% of physicians accessed the computerized problem list before examining the patient, only 28% reviewed the patient's health-maintenance section. Physicians and nurses preferred a computerized vaccination-reminder system in 93% and 82%, respectively. Physicians' preferred implementation approach included a nurse standing order, combined with physician notification; nurses, however, favored a physician order. Factors for improving vaccination rates included improved computerized documentation, whereas increasing the number of ED staff was less important. Relevant implementation barriers for physicians were not remembering to offer vaccination, time constraints, and insufficient time to counsel patients. The ED was believed to be an appropriate setting in which to offer vaccination. Conclusions Emergency department staff had favorable attitudes toward an ED-based pneumococcal vaccination program; however, considerable barriers inherent to the ED setting may challenge such a program. Applying information technology may overcome some barriers and facilitate an ED-based vaccination initiative. [source] An intervention to change clinician behavior: Conceptual framework for the multicolored simplified asthma guideline reminder (MSAGR)JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NURSE PRACTITIONERS, Issue 8 2009FNP-C Assistant Professor, Mary C. O'Laughlen PhD Abstract Clinical practice guidelines decrease variation in health care because they standardize the care offered by healthcare providers. Seventeen years after publication, the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) guidelines are considered the "gold standard" in asthma care, yet they remain underutilized despite three revisions with the latest in July 2007. Multiple factors are presented for lack of adherence to the guidelines. This article discusses the Multicolored, Simplified Asthma Guideline Reminder (MSAGR), an algorithm chart intervention for helping change clinicians' behavior for better adherence to the NAEPP guidelines, and describes the conceptual framework underpinning this intervention as a means of predicting better outcomes for providers and children. [source] Clay-Turbid Interactions May Not Cascade,A Reminder for Lake ManagersRESTORATION ECOLOGY, Issue 2 2005Jukka Horppila Abstract Food web management is a frequently used lake restoration method, which aims to reduce phytoplankton biomass by strengthening herbivorous zooplankton through reduction of planktivorous fish. However, in clay-turbid lakes several factors may reduce the effectivity of food web management. Increasing turbidity reduces the effectivity of fish predation and weakens the link between zooplankton and phytoplankton. Therefore, the effects of fish stock manipulations may not cascade to lower trophic levels as expected. Additionally, in clay-turbid conditions invertebrate predators may coexist in high densities with planktivorous fish and negate the effects of fish reductions. For instance, in the stratifying regions of the clay-turbid Lake Hiidenvesi, Chaoborus flavicans is the main regulator of cladocerans and occupies the water column throughout the day, although planktivorous Osmerus eperlanus is very abundant. The coexistence of chaoborids and fish is facilitated by a metalimnetic turbidity peak, which prevents efficient predation by fish. In the shallow parts of the lake, chaoborids are absent despite high water turbidity. We suggest that, generally, the importance of invertebrate predators in relation to vertebrate predators may change along turbidity and depth gradients. The importance of fish predation is highest in shallow waters with low turbidity. When water depth increases, the importance of fish in the top-down regulation of zooplankton declines, whereas that of chaoborids increases, the change along the depth gradient being moderate in clear-water lakes and steep in highly turbid lakes. Thus, especially deep clay-turbid lakes may be problematic for implementing food web management as a restoration tool. [source] Full Disclosure of Financial Interests in Biomedical Publications,A ReminderTHE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 2 2002Byron J. Bailey MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] A case study of shell at Sakhalin: having a whale of a time?CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2008Subhasis Ray Abstract This is a case study on the world's largest oil and gas project, at the Sakhalin Islands, Russia. Shell is the key promoter of this project. The case highlights the sustainability challenges that Shell faced when working on the mega-project. By their very nature, all such projects involve disruptions in the environmental and social fabric of the project site. NGOs often take up these issues and create international headlines, bringing pressure on the management team. The Russian government also changed its stand over a period of time. While many of these issues are valid in their own way, they often create managerial dilemmas. Traditional management approaches to community development and environmental conservation fell short of stakeholder expectations at Sakhalin. The issue of saving around 100 endangered whales put a cloud of doubt over this $20 billion project. The case highlights strategic issues involved in crafting sustainability strategies at mega-projects, possible pitfalls and the challenge of balancing project execution and stakeholder commitments against an unstable political backdrop. As Shell plans to start many exploration projects in bio-diversity rich parts of the world, the Sakhalin project acts as a pilot to and reminder of social responsibility challenges to big multi-nationals. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source] Evaluation of a multifaceted intervention to limit excessive antipsychotic co-prescribing in schizophrenia out-patientsACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 5 2010L. Baandrup Baandrup L, Allerup P, Lublin H, Nordentoft M, Peacock L, Glenthoj B. Evaluation of a multifaceted intervention to limit excessive antipsychotic co-prescribing in schizophrenia out-patients. Objective:, To evaluate the effect of a multifaceted educational intervention on the frequency of antipsychotic co-prescribing in adult schizophrenia out-patients. Method:, Controlled quasi-experimental study performed in two Danish municipalities matched for baseline prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy, socioeconomic status and functional level of patients. The intervention was aimed at psychiatric healthcare providers and consisted of 1 day of didactic lectures, six 3-h educational outreach visits and an electronic reminder during drug prescribing. Results:, Between-group use of antipsychotic polypharmacy was compared at baseline (intervention group, N = 232/control group, N = 351) and after 1 year of intervention (intervention group, N = 216/control group, N = 386). The prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy at follow-up was not significantly different between treatment settings when adjusting for differences in case-mix (P = 0.07). Conclusion:, This multifaceted educational intervention failed to reduce the frequency of antipsychotic co-prescribing, but it suggested that future efforts to improve prescribing practice should address organizational barriers to implementation. [source] Imaging God: Cyborgs, Brain-Machine Interfaces, and a More Human FutureDIALOG, Issue 4 2005By Gregory R. Peterson Abstract:, Recent developments in the neurosciences have made possible the advent of brain-machine interfaces, potentially altering our understanding of our relationship with technology and even the very meaning of what it is to be human. This article briefly examines some of the recent developments in neuroengineering and considers the ethical implications. Working from Jesus' miracles as well as from a dynamic understanding of the image of God, I argue that the categories of healing and transformation should be employed in thinking through the implications of brain-machine interfaces specifically and neuroengineering generally. Although the vocabulary of the cyborg may represent the newfound freedom that this technology can bring, the category of the face may serve as a reminder of the boundedness of human nature. [source] Grid-induced biases in connectivity metric implementations that use regular gridsECOGRAPHY, Issue 3 2010Adam G. Dunn Graph-theoretic connectivity analyses provide opportunities to solve problems related to the management, design and maintenance of fragmented landscapes. However, several modern connectivity metrics are implemented using algorithms that are affected by a grid-induced bias. When paths through a regular grid are calculated, distance errors are introduced into the metric outputs, with patterns based on the shape and orientation of the underlying grid structure. The bias is significant in the proposed implementations of the conditional minimum transit cost method introduced by Pinto and Keitt, and the effective resistance method introduced by McRae, Dickson, Keitt and Shah. One solution for ameliorating the bias that affects regular grids is to use an irregular lattice to represent the landscape. The purpose of this paper is to serve as a timely reminder of the grid-induced bias and to provide a demonstration of the irregular grid as a simple solution to the problem. [source] Commentary on Post et al. (2010): Snus, a cautionary reminderADDICTION, Issue 4 2010DOROTHY K. HATSUKAMI No abstract is available for this article. [source] The importance and difficulty of drug research in developing countries: a report from Kabul as timely reminderADDICTION, Issue 7 2004J. WESTERMEYER Professor of Psychiatry No abstract is available for this article. [source] Teaching received in caries prevention and perceived need for Best Practice Guidelines among recent graduates in FinlandEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION, Issue 1 2004Miira M. Vehkalahti The present study evaluated teaching that recent graduates in Finland had received in caries prevention and their perceived need for updated Best Practice Guidelines. A two-page questionnaire was mailed to all dentists in Finland who had graduated from 1995 to 1998 (n = 390). After one reminder, the response rate was 46%. The closed questions covered teaching in 14 caries-preventive methods and its suggestions as to when and on whom to apply such methods. Each dentist's own opinion on the three most important methods for caries prevention in patients with various types of dentition was sought in open questions. The respondents reported that at dental school, on average 12.5 (SD = 2.4) of 14 aspects of caries prevention were covered in theoretical teaching, 5.5 (SD = 3.8) in demonstrations and 8.5 (SD = 3.0) in clinical training. The top four methods teaching suggested for every patient were toothbrushing (100%), use of fluoridated toothpaste (99%), interdental cleaning (98%), and use of xylitol (97%); followed by fluoride varnish (77%) and fissure sealants (54%). The three caries-preventive methods the respondents felt to be most useful were the same for all types of dentitions, in order of importance: (i) toothbrushing and use of fluoridated toothpaste, (ii) supplementary use of fluorides at home and (iii) healthy dietary habits, in particular, avoidance of sucrose. As regards clinical work, such teaching had served the respondents' real-life needs in patients' caries prevention either extremely (44%) or moderately (54%) well; 91% said, however, that they would benefit from nationwide Best Practice Guidelines. In conclusion, the recent graduates' emphasis on patient-active methods in caries prevention may indicate a change in the current policy favouring patient-passive methods. [source] Recurrent palmar,plantar erythrodysaesthesia following high-dose cytarabine treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemiaEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 5-6 2002Julie H. Crawford Abstract: Palmar,plantar erythrodysaesthesia (PPE) is an uncommon cutaneous complication of cytotoxic chemotherapy which generally presents as a painful erythema involving the palms and soles. It has been suggested that PPE caused by cytarabine does not recur with subsequent cytarabine re-challenge. We report a patient with recurrent, increasingly severe episodes of PPE, ultimately complicated by a severe bullous eruption, following successive cycles of high-dose cytarabine for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Contrary to previous recommendations, our experience cautions against the further use of high-dose cytarabine in patients who develop PPE, and is a timely reminder of the potential toxicity of this agent, which is now increasingly being used as first-line treatment in the management of haematologic malignancies. [source] Paternal germline mosaicism in Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosaEXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2002Peter B. Cserhalmi-Friedman Abstract: We studied a single patient with the lethal (Herlitz) type of junctional epidermolysis bullosa (H-JEB). Screening for mutations in the LAMB3 gene in the patient revealed the previously described hotspot mutation R635X and a novel one basepair deletion in exon 10. The single basepair deletion 1094delA could be detected in the clinically unaffected mother, while the nonsense mutation R635X could not be found in the peripheral blood DNA of either parent. After excluding non-paternity by microsatellite analysis using random markers on chromosomes 3, 8 and 18, we determined that the mutation R635X in the proband was most likely the result of a de novo event or alternatively, germline mosaicism. The parents requested prenatal diagnosis for a second pregnancy, and while the maternal mutation 1094delA could not be detected in DNA from the fetus, unexpectedly, the mutation R635X was present in the chorionic villus DNA. These findings were most consistent with paternal germline mosaicism for the recessive mutation R635X. The results have had a significant impact on the genetic counseling in this family. To our knowledge, this study represents the first documented case of germline mosaicism in junctional epidermolysis bullosa, and serves as a reminder that germline mosaicism should be considered in cases in which a ,new' mutation is found in the offspring of a clinically and/or genetically unaffected parent. [source] Morphology and anatomy of anomalous short shoots in Pinus (Pinaceae) and their evolutionary meaningFEDDES REPERTORIUM, Issue 3-4 2010Veit Martin Dörken Dr. Abstract Recent Pinus -species are evergreen and have a typical long shoot/short shoot differentiation. For angiosperms we could show that this type of shoot differentiation is linked to deciduousness (Dörken & Stützel 2009). Evergreen angiosperms with prominent shoot differentiation are derived from deciduous ancestors. The primitive evergreen condition is however characterized by the absence of a shoot differentiation. Here it is therefore analysed if the shoot differentiation in Pinus could be regarded as a reminder of a deciduous ancestry. In such a context Pinus monophylla would be functionally closest to a primitive evergreen angiosperm and represent a nearly perfect secondary adaptation to the needs of an evergreen species. Morphology and anatomy of aberrant short shoots in Pinus -species have been analysed to test this hypothesis. We suppose that the ancestor of Pinus had several needle leaves inserted spirally on a well developed short shoot axis ending in a terminal bud, as it can be found in Larix today (© 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Power and Powerlessness: Brecht's Poems to Carola NeherGERMAN LIFE AND LETTERS, Issue 3 2000Joyce Crick This essay is a study of Brecht's poems to Carola Neher: the two versions of 'Rat an die Schauspielerin C.N.' (?1930, ?1956) and 'Das Waschen' (1937). Their dating and textual authority in the three main editions of Brecht's works are a matter of some uncertainty, but the essay suggests a sequence for them that makes sense in the overall pattern of Brecht's life and poetry. They are analysed with two leading questions, particularly acute in the 1930s, in view: what is the nature of the poet's authority; what is the relation of poetry to action? The 'original version' (Elisabeth Hauptmann's term) of the two poems of advice is read as the product of Brecht and Neher's shared success with Die Dreigroschenoper:the poet is in command; the situation is intimate, but the mood is imperative, the gesture as invasive as it is tender; the director is instructing his leading lady how to perform - exemplarily. 'Das Waschen', written from Brecht's exile in Dennmark to Neher in prison in Moscow, is read as the gesture of one powerless to help, but writing into the dark, as a reminder of a - Brecht's word is 'menschenwürdigere' - situation: subdued though it is, the poem carries a charge of memory and muted encouragement. The third porm, a variant of the first, is read as a retreat, lacking the purposeful authority of the first and the paradoxical power in powerlessness of the second. The poems move from celebration to reminder to wish-fulfilment - which is both less and more than Brecht sert out to require of poetry. [source] ,Carleton and Buckingham: The Quest for Office' RevisitedHISTORY, Issue 289 2003Robert Hill In 1970 John Barcroft produced an influential article in which he claimed that the ambition of Dudley Carleton to attain high office only moved towards fruition after Carleton presented the duke of Buckingham with a massive bribe in the shape of a marble chimneypiece for his principal London residence, York House. This is too simplistic a view, but it serves as a reminder that the role of works of art in the early Stuart patronage system has not so far been the subject of detailed scrutiny. The present article is intended as a case study of a particular instance. It argues that Carleton used works of art as part of a long-term strategy to keep Buckingham aware of his existence, but that he did not become a serious contender for high office until the duke moved towards an anti-Spanish stance that was close to Carleton's own position. In other words, it was changing political circumstances and not the presentation of objets d'art, however welcome these were in their own right, which transformed the ambassador's prospects. [source] DIAGNOSING FROUDE'S DISEASE: BOUNDARY WORK AND THE DISCIPLINE OF HISTORY IN LATE-VICTORIAN BRITAINHISTORY AND THEORY, Issue 3 2008IAN HESKETH ABSTRACT Historians looking to make history a professional discipline of study in Victorian Britain believed they had to establish firm boundaries demarcating history from other literary disciplines. James Anthony Froude ignored such boundaries. The popularity of his historical narratives was a constant reminder of the continued existence of a supposedly overturned phase of historiography in which the historian was also a man of letters, transcending the boundary separating fact from fiction and literature from history. Just as professionalizing historians were constructing a methodology that called on historians to be inductive empirical workers, Froude refused to accept the new science of history, and suggested instead that history was an individual enterprise, one more concerned with drama and art than with science. E. A. Freeman warned the historical community that they "cannot welcome [Froude] as a partner in their labors, as a fellow-worker in the cause of historic truth." This article examines the boundary work of a professionalizing history by considering the attempt to exclude Froude from the historian's discourse, an attempt that involved a communal campaign that sought to represent Froude as "constitutionally inaccurate." Froude suffered from "an inborn and incurable twist," argued Freeman, thereby diagnosing "Froude's disease" as the inability to "make an accurate statement about any matter." By unpacking the construction of "Froude's disease," the article exposes the disciplinary techniques at work in the professionalization of history, techniques that sought to exclude non-scientific modes of thought such as that offered by Froude. [source] Melanoma arising in a hairy nevus spilusINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 11 2006lgül Zeren-Bilgin MD Cutaneous melanoma may develop de novo on normal skin or in contiguity with a potential melanocytic precursor. We report a 45-year-old man who presented with a recently developed nodule in a previously stable congenital nevus. Physical examination revealed a 10 × 18-cm lesion with speckled lentiginous pigmentation and terminal hairs on the lower back. A 2 × 2-cm suspicious nodule in the lesion was noted by the patient 2 months earlier. Histopathological evaluation of the nevus and the suspicious nodule revealed the characteristics of a melanocytic nevus and melanoma, respectively. It was interesting for the authors to observe terminal hairs in a lesion that was clinically ,speckled lentiginous' in appearance. This case report is a reminder that there may be great variation in the clinical appearance of nevus spilus, and thus dermatologists must be aware of these lesions as potential precursors of malignant melanoma. [source] The October Riots in France: A Failed Immigration Policy or the Empire Strikes Back?INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, Issue 2 2006Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad ABSTRACT In October 2005, the predominately Arab-immigrant suburbs of Paris, Lyon, Lille and other French cities erupted in riots by socially alienated teenagers, many of them second- or third-generation immigrants. For many French observers, it was a painful reminder that France's immigration policy had, quite bluntly, failed. The grand French ideal of égalité, the equality of all citizens of the Republic, itself a by-product of France's colonial past, demonstrated its incompatibility with twenty-first century reality. The French immigration experience is markedly different than those of other European countries, as France's is tainted by colonial history, republican idealism, a rigidly centralized government structure, and deep-seeded traditions of xenophobia. Indeed, the nineteenth century French policy of the mission civilicatrice (civilizing mission) still influences French policy toward its immigrants today: rather than accept cultural differences, the French government demands that all its citizens adhere to a rigid and exclusive "French" identity. As such, the children of the generation of immigrants that the French government actively brought to France to fuel its post-war expansion now find themselves unemployed and socially marginalized. Government social structures meant to ease the disparity between social classes, such as public housing and education, generally do more to aggravate problems than to solve them; public housing is woefully inadequate and the education structure institutionalizes the poor quality of schools in immigrant communities. Despite this generally poor outlook, the French have recently made some progress toward better integration of their immigrant communities, though these efforts are generally met with wide-spread demagogic and populist opposition. LES ÉMEUTES D'OCTOBRE EN FRANCE: ÉCHEC DE LA POLITIQUE D'IMMIGRATION OU L'EMPIRE CONTRE-ATTAQUE? En octobre 2005, dans les banlieues de Paris, Lyon, Lille et d'autres villes françaises, oú prédominent les immigrés arabes, des émeutes ont éclaté, menées par des adolescents socialement aliénés, dont beaucoup étaient des immigrés de deuxième ou troisième génération. Pour nombre d'observateurs français, ces événements ont douloureusement confirmé que la politique d'immigration de la France était un échec cuisant. Le magnifique idéal français d'égalité de tous les citoyens de la République, lui-même un sous-produit du passé colonial de la France, se révélait décidément incompatible avec la réalité du 21e siècle. En matière d'immigration, l'expérience de la France est sensiblement différente de celle des autres pays européens, la France étant marquée par une histoire coloniale, un idéalisme républicain, une structure gouvernementale rigidement centralisée et une tradition de xénophobie profondément ancrée. D'ailleurs, l'approche française de la mission civilisatrice, qui avait cours au 19e siècle, continue d'influencer la politique de la France à l'égard de ses immigrés: plutôt que d'accepter les différences culturelles, le Gouvernement français exige que tous les citoyens adhèrent à une identité « française » à la fois rigide et exclusive. Les enfants des immigrés que le Gouvernement français avait fait venir en France pour soutenir son expansion d'après-guerre se retrouvent maintenant au chômage et socialement marginalisés. Les structures sociales gouvernementales destinées à atténuer les disparités entre classes sociales, notamment le logement social et l'enseignement, font souvent plus pour aggraver les problèmes que pour les résoudre. Les logements sociaux sont cruellement insuffisants et le système d'enseignement institutionnalise la mauvaise qualité des établissements scolaires fréquentés par les communautés d'immigrés. Malgré ces perspectives généralement médiocres, les Français ont fait des progrès dans le sens d'une meilleure intégration de ces communautés, bien que ces efforts se heurtent généralement à une importante opposition teintée de démagogie et de populisme. LAS REVUELTAS DE OCTUBRE EN FRANCIA: ¿UNA POLÍTICA DE INMIGRACIÓN ERRÓNEA O EL IMPERIO CONTRAATACA? En octubre de 2005, los barrios donde predomina la inmigración árabe de París, Lyon, Lille y otras ciudades francesas fueron el escenario de revueltas de adolescentes socialmente alienados, muchos de ellos inmigrantes de segunda o tercera generación. Para muchos observadores franceses, fue un doloroso recordatorio de que, con bastante claridad, la política de inmigración de Francia había fracasado. El gran ideal francés de l'égalité, es decir, la igualdad de todos los ciudadanos de la República, consecuencia en sí misma del pasado colonial francés, demostró su incompatibilidad con la realidad del siglo XXI. La experiencia de la inmigración francesa es muy distinta a la de otros países europeos, ya que Francia está marcada por su historia colonial, el idealismo republicano, una estructura gubernamental estrictamente centralizada y unas tradiciones arraigadas de xenofobia. Ciertamente, la política francesa del siglo XIX de la mission civilisatrice (misión civilizadora) influye aún hoy en la política francesa sobre inmigración: más que aceptar las diferencias culturales, el Gobierno francés exige que todos sus ciudadanos se adhieran a una identidad "francesa" rígida y exclusiva. Los hijos de la generación de inmigrantes a los que el Gobierno francés alentó activamente a ir a Francia para impulsar la expansión de la postguerra se encuentran ahora sin trabajo y marginados de la sociedad. Las estructuras sociales del Estado, encaminadas a disminuir la disparidad entre clases sociales, tales como la vivienda y la educación públicas, contribuyen generalmente a agravar los problemas más que a solucionarlos: las viviendas públicas son lamentablemente inadecuadas y la estructura educativa institucionaliza la escasa calidad de las escuelas de las comunidades de inmigrantes. A pesar de este panorama en general poco prometedor, los franceses han logrado recientemente algunos progresos hacia una mejor integración de sus comunidades inmigrantes, aunque estos esfuerzos se encuentran a menudo con una oposición demagógica y populista ampliamente extendida. [source] The Secularization of Confessional Protests: The Role of Religious Processes of Rationalization and DifferentiationJOURNAL FOR THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF RELIGION, Issue 4 2005MICHAEL P. YOUNG In the 1830s, a series of single-issue protests mobilized hundreds of thousands of Americans across the nation. In these protests against social problems like slavery and drinking, men and women gathered together to bear witness against what they viewed as sins, and to demand that their fellow Americans join them in confession. These confessional protests launched and linked a national wave of social movements. The origins of these movements were religious and evangelical. However, for many activists, the outcome of these protests led to a repudiation of this religious source. The development of these confessional protests reveals keys to the processes of secularization. Drawing on the letters and diaries of six white leading anti-slavery activists, we demonstrate how religious processes of rationalization and differentiation led to secularization. We present this development as a reminder to social theorists that processes immanent to religion have been fateful forces driving secularization. [source] The global financial crisis of 2008,2009: an opportunity for development studies?JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, Issue 6 2010James Copestake Abstract This paper draws upon the five other papers presented in this volume, along with other presentations made at the 2009 Development Studies Association Conference, to reflect on the relationship between development studies and the 2008,2009 global financial crisis. It first analyses antecedents to the crisis by relating the papers presented by Gore (on long waves of capitalism) and Fischer (on China's integration into the world economy) to a Polanyian analysis. It then considers immediate policy responses with particular reference to India (based on the conference presentation by Mehrotra), China (based on the paper by de Haan) and the 2009 DFID White Paper. Third, it considers two possible additional sources of finance for developing countries: South Korean aid (discussed by Chun et al.) and new forms of international money (discussed by Hudson). The paper concludes that while the crisis is a reminder of structural global economic interconnectedness a challenge for development studies is to combine this fact with analysis that is also interdisciplinary, multi-tiered and policy relevant. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Carcinosarcoma of the vulva: A case reportJOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 3 2010Vera Loizzi Abstract Carcinosarcoma is a well-recognized tumor even if it is an uncommon entity. Neoplasms usually occur in the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, larynx and skin, and have been rarely documented in the female genital tract. This case reports a patient with a diagnosis of vulvar carcinosarcoma that has been treated with radical vulvectomy and a left inguinal lymphadenectomy but she died two months later of progressive disease. Because of the extreme rarity and severe prognosis of the tumor, we believe that this is a useful addition to the literature and might serves as a reminder to physicians that a multidisciplinary approach for management should be undertaken for treatment. [source] Feasibility of Using Interactive Voice Response to Monitor Daily Drinking, Moods, and Relationship Processes on a Daily Basis in Alcoholic CouplesALCOHOLISM, Issue 3 2010James A. Cranford Background:, Daily process research on alcohol involvement has used paper-and-pencil and electronic data collection methods, but no studies have yet tested the feasibility of using Interactive Voice Response (IVR) technology to monitor drinking, affective, and social interactional processes among alcoholic (ALC) couples. This study tested the feasibility of using IVR with n = 54 ALC couples. Methods:, Participants were n = 54 couples (probands who met criteria for a past 1-year alcohol use disorder and their partners) recruited from a substance abuse treatment center and the local community. Probands and their partners reported on their daily drinking, marital interactions, and moods once a day for 14 consecutive days using an IVR system. Probands and partners were on average 43.4 and 43.0 years old, respectively. Results:, Participants completed a total of 1,418 out of a possible 1,512 diary days for an overall compliance rate of 93.8%. ALC probands completed an average of 13.3 (1.0) diary reports, and partners completed an average of 13.2 (1.0) diary reports. On average, daily IVR calls lasted 7.8 (3.0) minutes for ALC probands and 7.6 (3.0) minutes for partners. Compliance was significantly lower on weekend days (Fridays and Saturdays) compared to other weekdays for probands and spouses. Although today's intoxication predicted tomorrow's noncompliance for probands but not spouses, the strongest predictor of proband's compliance was their spouse's compliance. Daily anxiety and marital conflict were associated with daily IVR nonresponse, which triggered automated reminder calls. Conclusions:, Findings supported that IVR is a useful method for collecting daily drinking, mood, and relationship process data from alcoholic couples. Probands' compliance is strongly associated with their partners' compliance, and automated IVR calls may facilitate compliance on high anxiety, high conflict days. [source] Late Quaternary terrestrial tephrochronology of Iceland,frequency of explosive eruptions, type and volume of tephra deposits,JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE, Issue 2 2008Gudrún Larsen Abstract Close to 100 silicic tephra layers have been identified in Icelandic terrestrial soils of Holocene age. The majority of these tephras were erupted at the Hekla, Torfajökull, Öræfajökull, Askja, Snæfellsjökull, Eyjafjallajökull and Katla central volcanoes. By far the most active is Hekla with close to 50 identified silicic tephra layers in ,8000 years, showing an inverse relationship between eruption frequency and volume of erupted tephra. Volumes of uncompacted silicic tephra layers range from <0.01,km3 to >10,km3, with nearly 50% of known tephra volumes lying between 0.1 and 0.5,km3. Seven closely spaced Hekla eruptions in the period 950,550 BC with identical major element composition illustrate the need of stratigraphic control in short and long distance correlations. A 2600 year old tephra geochemically indistinguishable from the Borrobol tephra is a reminder that no tephra is geochemically unique. The major producers of basaltic tephra are the volcanic systems that are partly covered by ice, or partly lying within areas of high groundwater or extending offshore, i.e. the Grímsvötn, Katla, Veidivötn-Bárdarbunga, Reykjanes, Kverkfjöll and Vestmannaeyjar volcanic systems. The best known eruption record is that of the Katla system with over 170 identified basaltic tephra layers and more than 300 estimated in 8400 years. The Grímsvötn system is currently the most active volcanic system with over 70 eruptions during the last 1100 years. Volumes of uncompacted basaltic tephra layers range from <0.01,km3 to >20,km3, the majority of known tephra volumes lying between 0.1 and 1,km3. The most voluminous basaltic tephra deposit, the ,10,200,yr old Saksunarvatn tephra, may however represent more than one eruption on the Grímsvötn system. Deposition of approximately 800 basaltic tephra layers during the last 9000 14C years is estimated but many of those erupted from volcanoes within ice caps have not been preserved. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] An intervention to change clinician behavior: Conceptual framework for the multicolored simplified asthma guideline reminder (MSAGR)JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NURSE PRACTITIONERS, Issue 8 2009FNP-C Assistant Professor, Mary C. O'Laughlen PhD Abstract Clinical practice guidelines decrease variation in health care because they standardize the care offered by healthcare providers. Seventeen years after publication, the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) guidelines are considered the "gold standard" in asthma care, yet they remain underutilized despite three revisions with the latest in July 2007. Multiple factors are presented for lack of adherence to the guidelines. This article discusses the Multicolored, Simplified Asthma Guideline Reminder (MSAGR), an algorithm chart intervention for helping change clinicians' behavior for better adherence to the NAEPP guidelines, and describes the conceptual framework underpinning this intervention as a means of predicting better outcomes for providers and children. [source] Prescription rates of protective co-therapy for NSAID users at high GI risk and results of attempts to improve adherence to guidelinesALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 7 2009L. LAINE Summary Background, Protective co-therapy is recommended in NSAID users with GI risk factors, but adherence is poor. Aim, To assess the proportion of NSAID users receiving co-therapy and strategies to improve adherence. Methods, Arthritis patients ,50 years of age received etoricoxib or diclofenac in a double-blind randomized trial. Reminders that high-risk patients (age , 65; previous ulcer/haemorrhage; corticosteroid, anticoagulant, aspirin use) should receive co-therapy were given at study initiation. Free PPI was provided. An intervention midway through the study included a written reminder and required written response regarding co-therapy. Results, 16 244/23 504 (69%) patients had GI risk factors. Pre-intervention, co-therapy was most common with previous ulcer/haemorrhage [706/1107 (64%)] and 3,4 risk factors [331/519 (64%)]. In the 10 026 patients enrolled pre-intervention and remaining in the study ,6 months after, co-therapy in high-risk patients increased from 2958/6843 (43%) to 4177/6843 (61%) (difference = 18%; 95% CI 16%,19%). The increase was greater outside the US (22%; 19%,24%) than in the US (15%; 13%,17%). Conclusions, Less than 50% of NSAID users with GI risk factors are given protective co-therapy , even if prescribers are given reminders and cost is not an issue. Direct communication requiring written response significantly increased adherence to guidelines, but achieving higher levels of adherence will require additional strategies. [source] Exodus as Travelling Theory: Excavating the Promised Land in the African American ImaginationLITERATURE COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 3 2007Anna Hartnell This essay won the 2006 Literature Compass Graduate Essay Prize, American Section. Exodus, this article suggests, is one of the defining texts through which Americans have imaginatively re-mapped the nation's relationship to the spectre of ,Egyptian' oppression. This article proposes to consider the evolution of the Exodus text from its pivotal place in an often imperialist presidential rhetoric to its central position in African American elaborations of resistance. I suggest that the story of Exodus issuing from the lips of W. E. B. Du Bois, Martin Luther King or Toni Morrison crucially unsettles the ,innocent' position assumed by America's political establishment in relation to the enigmatic question of ,freedom'. This article reviews the interruptive possibilities of African American re-tellings of the Exodus narrative in the context of Edward Said's notion of ,travelling theory'. In his examination of theories devolved from their point of origin, Said poses a crucial distinction between theories that lose their critical power via domestication to the status quo and those which ,flame out' from this path by reaffirming and even furthering their radical potential. I argue here that it is these destablizing currents that largely animate the African American counter-cultural tradition that excavates the promised land in order to tell of a fundamentally ,unhomely' exodus. Where mainstream invocations of Exodus present America's rendition as an epochal overcoming of Hegel's seemingly inexorable master/slave dialectic, the appropriation of this story by America's internal ,others' is a standing reminder that America is not , contra Hegel's memorable suggestion , the destination of ,History's' end. [source] Bilateral re-expansion pulmonary edema in a child: a reminderACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 7 2000O. Özlü Re-expansion pulmonary edema (RPE) is an uncommon complication of sudden reinflation of a lung collapsed by pneumothorax or pleural effusion. We present a case of bilateral pulmonary edema following unilateral drainage of a pleural effusion in a young child with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. [source] Introduction of Infection Control Measures to Reduce Infection Associated With Implantable Pain Therapy DevicesPAIN PRACTICE, Issue 3 2007Abram H. Burgher MD Abstract Introduction: Implantable pain therapy devices for chronic pain include spinal cord stimulators (SCS) and intrathecal drug delivery systems (IDDS). A number of different complications can occur after implantation of these devices, but among the most serious is infection. Based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines for prevention of surgical site infection, published literature on infection risk with implantable pain therapy devices, and recommendations from groups within our own our institution, we introduced infection control measures for all patients receiving either SCS or IDDS. Methods: After approval from the Institutional Review Board, we performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing primary implantation of SCS or IDDS before and after introduction at our institution of safety measures designed to reduce device-related infection. We compared infection incidence and compliance to infection precautions before and after introduction of these measures. Results: Thirty-four SCS or IDDS were implanted before implementation of the infection control measures and 58 were placed after. Five device-related infections occurred. Adherence to most infection precautions improved during the study period, but 100% compliance was seen only with venue used for implantation. Infection incidence declined after introduction of the safety measures, but the reduction was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Introduction of infection control measures for implantable pain therapy devices improved adherence to most infection precautions in our practice. Lack of specific documentation could have hindered practice surveillance within our group. A tool to document performance of infection control measures would be useful not only as a marker of compliance but could also serve as a reminder to perform certain safety measures. [source] Perspectives on research evidence and clinical practice: a survey of Australian physiotherapistsPHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL, Issue 3 2007Karen Grimmer-Somers Abstract Background and Purpose.,Physiotherapists' use of research evidence with clinical decision-making has interested researchers world-wide since 1980; however, little is known about such practices in Australia. The present survey sought information on Australian physiotherapists' perceptions of the importance of research, and barriers to uptake of evidence in clinical practice, when compared with an international cohort from 2001.,Method.,An Australian-relevant version of an English (UK) National Health Service (NHS) survey instrument was used to canvass 453 physiotherapists, randomly selected from the South Australian Physiotherapy Registration Board 2004,2005 records. The first survey was mailed in August 2005, a reminder was sent two weeks later to non-responders and a follow-up survey was sent in April 2006 to non-responders whose addresses had changed since 2005.,Results.,There was a 51% response rate. Of the non-responders, 12% were not contactable at their listed address, highlighting the mobility of Australian physiotherapists. Most respondents had undertaken research as students (59.5%) or as students and clinicians (11.5%). Of these, 37.1% were encouraged to embark on more research, and 20.5% were discouraged. The significant predictors of positive perceived importance of research were: previous research experience; being positive about undertaking further research; working in hospitals and holding a postgraduate degree. Clinicians working privately were significantly less likely than managers to be positive about research importance. The only significant predictor for not perceiving barriers to uptake of evidence was being positive about undertaking future research.,Conclusions.,The study identified constraints on uptake of evidence into practice that were related to accessing, reading and interpreting published research, and implementing findings. Found consistently across employment categories were barriers relating to lack of time, uncertainty about what the research reported, scepticism about the value of research and being isolated from peer support and literature sources. The responses indicated a positive shift towards evidence uptake since the 2001 NHS survey, suggesting an influence of increased exposure to information on evidence-based practice. A greater focus on research whilst training, the application of educational strategies for empowerment, better knowledge transfer and upskilling within the workplace, and ensuring dedicated time and organizational support for research activities are indicated. 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