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Relief Gratings (relief + grating)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Polymers and Materials Science50%

Kinds of Relief Gratings

  • surface relief grating
    		•

    Selected Abstracts

    Synthesis and Structure,Property Relations of a Series of Photochromic Molecular Glasses for Controlled and Efficient Formation of Surface Relief Nanostructures

    ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 16 2009
    Roland Walker
    Abstract This paper reports on the synthesis and properties of a new series of photochromic molecular glasses and their structure,property relations with respect to a controlled and efficient formation of surface relief nanostructures. The aim of the paper is to establish a correlation between molecular structure, optical susceptibility, and the achievable surface relief heights. The molecular glasses consist of a triphenylamine core and three azobenzene side groups attached via an ester linkage. Structural variations are performed with respect to the substitution at the azobenzene moiety in order to promote a formation of a stable amorphous phase and to tune absorption properties and molecular dynamics. Surface relief gratings (SRGs) and complex surface patterns can easily be inscribed via holographic techniques. The modulation heights are determined with an equation adapted from the theory for thin gratings, and the values are confirmed with AFM measurements. Temperature-dependent holographic measurements allow for monitoring of SRG build-up and decay and the stability at elevated temperatures, as well as determination of the glass transition temperature. SRG modulation heights of above 600,nm are achieved. These are the highest values reported for molecular glasses to date. The surface patterns of the molecular glasses are stable enough to be copied in a replica molding process. It is demonstrated that the replica can be used to transfer the surface pattern onto a common thermoplastic polymer. [source]

    Synthesis and Photoresponsive Properties of Optically Active Methacrylic Polymers Bearing Side-Chain Azocarbazole Moieties

    MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, Issue 1 2009
    Luigi Angiolini
    Abstract The synthesis of a novel optically active methacrylic monomer containing in the side chain the (S)-3-hydroxy- N -phenyl pyrrolidine ring linked to a 4-cyanophenylazocarbazole moiety [(S)- MCAPP - C] and of the analogous achiral monomer (MCAPE-C) is described. Both the monomers have been radically polymerized to produce the corresponding homopolymers as well as the copolymer at 50% molar composition. The photoinduction of birefringence has been assessed on thin films of the polymeric materials in order to evaluate their behavior as materials for optical data storage. Surface relief gratings (SRG) can also be inscribed over the material. The results are interpreted in terms of different cooperative performance and conformational stiffness of the chromophoric co-units in the polymeric derivatives. [source]

    X-ray characterization of periodic sub-nm surface relief gratings

    PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI (A) APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, Issue 8 2007
    P. Zaumseil
    Abstract Line and cross lattices of 260 and 360 nm pitch were prepared by covering p-doped Si(100) substrates with photoresist, structuring and implanting with 3 × 1015 cm,2, 45 keV As+ ions. These doping lattices with n+,p periodicity were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and reflectivity (XRR). While XRD did not show any signal of the periodic structure, XRR revealed a clear periodic diffraction pattern related to the pitch of the doping lattice. The features of this pattern as a function of the lattice orientation are discussed in detail for the cross lattice. Atomic force microscopy showed that the measured diffraction pattern is caused by a surface relief grating with sub-nm amplitude, which was generated by a final doping-dependent etching step during sample preparation. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source]

    Diffractive CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram

    COLOR RESEARCH & APPLICATION, Issue 5 2007
    Joni Orava
    Abstract A novel diffractive CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram is generated by utilizing surface relief gratings on a plastic sample. A properly illuminated sample is shown to reflect the CIE chromaticity diagram with exact colors and large gamut. Additive color mixing is accomplished by utilizing the four main peaks of a 4000 K fluorescent lamp's spectrum as the primary colors. The primary grating units are reflecting the combination of the primary colors to the desired viewing angle and thereby forming the correct chromaticity (x, y) at each pixel of chromaticity diagram. Weights of primary colors at each pixel of the diagram are controlled by fixing the relative areas of the primary gratings. The master grating is fabricated with aid of electron beam lithography. The final grating is hot embossed on a polycarbonate sample using an electroplated nickel shim. Chromaticity values are measured from the plastic sample by a spectroradiometer. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 32, 409,413, 2007 [source]