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Regulatory CD4+CD25+ T Cells (regulatory + cd4+cd25+_t_cell)
Selected AbstractsCD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells: II.APMIS, Issue 10 2004Origin, clinical aspects, disease models Autoimmune diseases afflict approximately 5% of the population and reflect a failure in the immune system to discriminate between self and non-self resulting in the breakdown of self-tolerance. Regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells (Treg cells) have been shown to play an important role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis and self-tolerance by counteracting the development and effector functions of potentially autoreactive T cells. We have in the previous APMIS review described the phenotype and physiology of Treg cells. The present overview deals with the thymic origin of Treg cells and their role in disease models such as autoimmune gastritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Finally, we will consider some aspects of the therapeutic potential of Treg cells. [source] CD4+CD25+ cell depletion from the normal CD4+ T cell pool prevents tolerance toward the intestinal flora and leads to chronic colitis in immunodeficient miceINFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES, Issue 6 2006Claudia Veltkamp MD Abstract Background: CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells have been shown to prevent immune-mediated colitis in mice; however, it is unclear whether the absence of CD4+CD25+ in the normal CD4+ T cell pool is responsible for the development of chronic colitis. Using the T cell-deficient Tg,26 mouse model, we show that CD4+CD25, cells but not CD4+CD25+ cells induce a severe intestinal inflammation. Transfer of CD4+CD25+ cells, together with CD4+CD25, cells, ameliorated intestinal inflammation, and reconstitution with the whole mesenteric lymph node cell pool did not induce colitis in recipients. Transferred CD4+CD25, cells were found mainly in the mesenteric lymph nodes, where they showed an activated TH1-like phenotype. In the absence of regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells, recipient CD4+ cells secreted IFN-, in response to stimulation with intestinal bacterial antigen that was prevented in vivo and in vitro by regulatory CD4+CD25+ cells. These studies suggest that CD4+CD25, cells have a strong colitogenic effect in the Tg,26 colitis model and that CD4+CD25+ cells may be the main regulators that prevent or downregulate the proinflammatory effect of colitogenic T cells in the Tg,26 mouse model. [source] Differential Role of Naïve and Memory CD4+ T-Cell Subsets in Primary AlloresponsesAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 8 2010D. Golshayan The T cell response to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alloantigens occurs via two main pathways. The direct pathway involves the recognition of intact allogeneic MHC:peptide complexes on donor cells and provokes uniquely high frequencies of responsive T cells. The indirect response results from alloantigens being processed like any other protein antigen and presented as peptide by autologous antigen-presenting cells. The frequencies of T cells with indirect allospecificity are orders of magnitude lower and comparable to other peptide-specific responses. In this study, we explored the contributions of naïve and memory CD4+ T cells to these two pathways. Using an adoptive transfer and skin transplantation model we found that naive and memory CD4+ T cells, both naturally occurring and induced by sensitization with multiple third-party alloantigens, contributed equally to graft rejection when only the direct pathway was operative. In contrast, the indirect response was predominantly mediated by the naïve subset. Elimination of regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells enabled memory cells to reject grafts through the indirect pathway, but at a much slower tempo than for naïve cells. These findings have implications for better targeting of immunosuppression to inhibit immediate and later forms of alloimmunity. [source] CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells: I. Phenotype and physiologyAPMIS, Issue 10 2004Review article The immune system protects us against foreign pathogens. However, if fine discrimination between self and non-self is not carried out properly, immunological attacks against self may be launched leading to autoimmune diseases, estimated to afflict up to 5% of the population. During the last decade it has become increasingly clear that regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells (Treg cells) play an important role in the maintenance of immunological self-tolerance, and that this cell subset exerts its function by suppressing the proliferation or function of autoreactive T cells. Based on human and murine observations, this review presents a characterization of the phenotype and functions of the Treg cells in vitro and in vivo. An overview of the surface molecules associated with and the cytokines produced by the Treg cells is given and the origin, activation requirements and mode of action of the Treg cells are discussed. Finally, we address the possibility that Treg cells may play a central role in immune homeostasis, regulating not only autoimmune responses, but also immune responses toward foreign antigens. [source] | ||||||||||