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Regression Results (regression + result)
Selected AbstractsExamining career success of minority and women emergency medical technicians (EMTs): A LEADS projectHUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2008Darlene F. Russ-Eft Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) are a critical segment in prehospital medical care. This study examined EMT-paramedic career success focused on minorities and women, as part of the Longitudinal Emergency Medical Technician Attributes and Demographics Study (LEADS). The LEADS data come from a representative sampling of EMTs throughout the United States. Analyses examined factors related to objective and subjective career success and did so with samples from 2000 and 2004. Regression results showed that education, experience, and hours worked predicted objective career success. In contrast, satisfaction with others and with supervisor predicted subjective career success. Minority status was not related to either objective or subjective career success, while gender appeared to have a negative influence on objective career success but was unrelated to subjective career success. Implications for HRD practitioners and researchers are discussed. [source] The growth of family farms in HungaryAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, Issue 2009Lajos Zoltán Bakucs Gibrat's Law; Family farm; Quantile regression; Transition agriculture Abstract The article investigates the validity of Gibrat's Law for Hungarian family farms using FADN data collected between 2001 and 2007. Gibrat's Law states that the growth rate of firms will be independent of their initial size. Regression results allow us to reject Gibrat's Law for all quantiles. Evidence suggests that smaller farms tend to grow faster than larger ones. Results do not support the hypothesis of "disappearing middle" in Hungarian agriculture. We study a number of socio-economic factors that can help to explain farm growth. We find that total subsidies received by a farm and the farm operator's age are the most significant factors correlated with farm growth. [source] Socioecological correlates of facial mobility in nonhuman anthropoidsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 3 2009Seth D. Dobson Abstract Facial mobility, or the variety of facial movements a species can produce, is likely influenced by selection for facial expression in diurnal anthropoids. The purpose of this study is to examine socioecological correlates of facial mobility independent of body size, focusing on social group size and arboreality as possible evolutionary agents. Group size was chosen because facial expressions are important for group cohesion, while arboreality may limit the utility of facial expressions. Data for 12 nonhuman anthropoid species were taken from previous studies and analyzed using a phylogenetic generalized least-squares approach. Regression results indicate that group size is a good predictor of facial mobility independent of body size. No statistical support was found for the hypothesis that arboreality constrains the evolution of facial mobility. The correlation between facial mobility and group size may be a consequence of selection for more effective facial expression to help manage conflicts and facilitate bonding in larger groups. These findings support the hypothesis that the ultimate function of facial expression is related to group cohesion. Am J Phys Anthropol 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Resource boom and bust, 1885,1920: regional wealth evidence from probate recordsAUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW, Issue 1 2004Livio Di Matteo Wealth micro-data from records probated by the Thunder Bay District Surrogate Court for 1885,1920 are examined. These data span the Canadian wheat boom era and find a break in wealth accumulation over the period 1900,1914. A bust follows the boom and real wealth during 1915,1920 is approximately 75% lower than 1910,1914. Regression results show the key determinants of wealth in the region to be time period variables, gender, literacy, occupation, marital status, and number of children. The boom had no long-term impact on individual wealth levels in the Thunder Bay District. [source] Obsessive compulsive (OC) symptoms and subjective severity, probability, and coping ability estimations of future negative eventsCLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY (AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORY & PRACTICE), Issue 2 2002Carol M. Woods This paper describes two studies in which 18 participants with OCD (Study 1) and 73 students (Study 2) rated the subjective probability and severity of future negative events, as well as their anticipated coping ability. The negative events were idiographic in that participants wrote and rated events that were particularly salient to them personally. In both samples, results indicated that, as OC symptoms increased, severity estimation increased and coping ability decreased. However, probability estimation increased with OC symptoms in the student sample, but not in the OCD sample. Results also suggested that OC symptoms may relate to the product of probability and severity, divided by coping ability. Regression results indicated that higher probability estimation for students, and worse predicted coping ability for OCD patients, was the most predictive of OC symptoms. Findings are discussed in the context of cognitive theory of OCD. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Examining the relationship between typical drinking behavior and 21st birthday drinking behavior among college students: implications for event-specific preventionADDICTION, Issue 5 2009Melissa A. Lewis ABSTRACT Aims The purpose of this research was to: (i) compare 21st birthday drinking with typical drinking; (ii) assess the prevalence of negative consequences and risk behaviors experienced during the 21st birthday week; and (iii) examine the role of typical drinking and 21st birthday drinking in explaining 21st birthday week negative consequences and risk behaviors. Setting and participants Participants (n = 306; 50% male) included college students turning 21 at a Midwestern public university in the United States. Design and measurement Approximately 1 week prior to their 21st birthday, students completed measures of typical past 3-month alcohol consumption via a web-based survey. Following their birthday, students (n = 296; 50% male) completed measures of 21st birthday week drinking as well as negative consequences and risk behaviors. Findings Findings indicated that students consumed considerably larger amounts of alcohol during the week of their 21st birthdays in comparison to typical weekly consumption. Additionally, students experienced a variety of negative consequences and risk behaviors during the week of their 21st birthday, including hangovers, vomiting and not remembering part of the previous evening. Negative binomial regression results indicated that those most likely to experience more negative consequences and risk behaviors associated with 21st birthday drinking were those who consumed heavy amounts of alcohol the week of their birthday, but who did not typically drink excessively. Conclusions Findings underscore the need to develop event-specific prevention approaches for occasions associated with extreme drinking and provide direction for considering who may be at greatest risk for problems associated with celebratory drinking. [source] Relationship Between Perceived Clothing Comfort and Exam PerformanceFAMILY & CONSUMER SCIENCES RESEARCH JOURNAL, Issue 4 2005Rick Bell Recent controlled laboratory studies have shown an effect of clothing comfort on cognitive performance. To test this relationship under naturalistic conditions, student scores on statistics exams were compared with comfort ratings. Prior to the exam, students rated their confidence in taking the exam, number of hours studied, comfort level, type of clothes being worn, and other relevant variables. To maintain naturalistic conditions, clothing was not manipulated but was self-selected. Controlling for other variables associated with exam performance, multiple regression results indicated a significant positive relationship between comfort ratings and exam scores, with the model explaining 48% of the variance in exam scores R2 = .48). As expected, the more formal the attire, the lower the comfort rating of that attire and the lower the exam score. This study provides further evidence of a relationship between perceived clothing comfort and cognitive performance. [source] Auditor Opinion Shopping and the Audit Committee: An Analysis of Suspicious Auditor SwitchesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDITING, Issue 1 2001Deborah Archambeault This study examines whether audit committee effectiveness characteristics are related to suspicious auditor switching. Using the agency and audit committee literature, we hypothesize that audit committee existence, the proportion of independent directors, member experience in accounting, auditing, and finance, number of committee meetings, and number of committee members should be inversely related to suspicious auditor switching. A sample of 60 matched U.S. firms was evaluated along the hypothesized dimensions after controlling for company size, industry, stock exchange, financial health, and management stock ownership. Collectively, univariate and logistic regression results provide support for our predictions. The findings indicate that suspicious switchers: (1) are less likely to have an audit committee, (2) have a smaller percentage of independent directors on the audit committee, (3) have fewer members with experience in accounting, auditing, or finance, (4) hold fewer audit committee meetings, and (5) have smaller audit committees than nonsuspicious switching companies. Exploratory analyses also reveal that audit committees for companies with suspicious switches had younger members, and fewer members with no stock ownership in the company served. [source] Correlates of apparel significance among older men and womenINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSUMER STUDIES, Issue 3 2000Usha Chowdhary Abstract A total of 978 older men and women (over 65 years) were systematically identified from a list of registered voters and asked to participate in a study examining the correlates of apparel significance (extent to which apparel is considered important by an individual). A postal survey technique was used to collect the data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse and interpret the data. The condition number index was used to test for multicollinearity of data. Pearson product moment correlation coefficients, analysis of variance and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that apparel significance was positively related to self-esteem, age perception, media usage, opinion leadership and social participation. Stepwise multiple regression results indicated that 65·3% of the variance was explained by media usage, opinion leadership and sex. [source] Teams Behaving Badly: Factors Associated With Anti-Citizenship Behavior in TeamsJOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 1 2003Craig L. Pearce We examined anti-citizenship behavior at the team level of analysis in a sample of 71 change management teams. Data were collected using a questionnaire methodology and through examination of company records. Results indicate that team leader solecism, team commitment, and perceived organizational support, but not team size, are highly correlated (p .05) with team anti-citizenship behavior (TAB). Multiple regression results suggest that team leader solecism accounts for more unique variance in TAB than the other three variables. [source] Post-IPO Operating Performance, Venture Capital and the Bubble YearsJOURNAL OF BUSINESS FINANCE & ACCOUNTING, Issue 9-10 2007Jerry Coakley Abstract:, We analyse the post-issue operating performance of 316 venture-backed and 274 non-venture UK IPOs 1985,2003. The finding of a statistically significant five-year, operational decline exhibited over the full sample period is not robust. Rather it is driven by the dramatic underperformance during the 1998,2000 bubble years while IPOs perform normally in the remaining years. Cross-section regression results indicate support for venture capital certification in the non-bubble years but a significantly negative relationship between operating performance and venture capitalist board representation during the bubble years. The bubble year underperformance is explained by market timing and by low quality companies taking advantage of investor sentiment. [source] Does heterogeneity in goals and preferences affect efficiency?AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, Issue 3-4 2010A case study of farm households in northern Nigeria Heterogeneous behavior; Efficiency analysis; Smallholder agriculture; Nigeria Abstract Household characteristics are commonly used to explain variation in smallholder efficiency levels. The underlying assumption is that differences in intended behavior are well described by such variables, while there is no,a priori,reason that this is the case. Moreover, heterogeneity in farmer goals and preferences, in relation to the role of the farm enterprise, are not well documented in developing countries. This article makes a contribution to fill this gap, by empirically determining heterogeneity in farmer goals and attitudes in Nigeria through a pair-wise ranking, supplemented with Likert scales. Factor analysis is used to reduce these data into behavioral factors. We estimate technical and allocative efficiency levels and analyze how these are related to farm characteristics and the identified behavioral factors. The models in which both intended behavior and farmer characteristics are included give a significantly better fit over models in which only household characteristics are included. These regression results suggest that the socioeconomic environment affects efficiency levels both directly and indirectly, through changes in goals and attitudes. [source] A Comparison Between One-Tier and Two-Tier Board Structures in FranceJOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT & ACCOUNTING, Issue 3 2010Benedicte Millet-Reyes French companies operate in a unique environment characterized by the strong involvement of block shareholders such as families and banks. Furthermore, the French legal system allows firms to choose between a one-tier or a two-tier board structure. This study investigates whether this choice can affect the firm's operating and stock performance. Our regression results provide strong evidence that ownership and board structures are used together as corporate governance tools. In particular, the agency cost of debt is strongly affected by their interaction when institutional investors are also bank lenders. Our test results show that while family control has a negative impact on corporate governance, French institutional blockholders play a positive role as monitors of one-tier structures. In contrast, they are more likely to misuse the two-tier board system by promoting interlocked directorship, board opacity and their own interests as creditors. Our regression analysis reveals that foreign institutional investors do not have any impact on firm performance, regardless of board structure. Finally, we do not find any inverse relationship between board size and efficiency in France. [source] Firm value, managerial confidence, and investments: The case of ChinaJOURNAL OF LEADERSHIP STUDIES, Issue 3 2008Bei Ye The purpose of this article is to test empirically the impact of Chinese managerial confidence on firm value through investment decisions. We use a simultaneous equation model, which treats firm value, investments, and managerial confidence as endogenous to the firm. With a sample of 329 Chinese listed firms and a confidence measure based on management shareholding, the 3SLS regression results show significant interactions among the three variables. Firm value has a positive impact on managerial confidence while the latter's impact on the former turns from positive to negative at a certain point. The results suggest a non-monotonic relationship between managerial self-confidence and firm value and imply an optimal level of managerial confidence. Therefore, while the leader selection process encourages confident talents to become decision-makers, proper measures are required to prevent the confidence transformed into overconfidence. [source] Leader-member exchange, differentiation, and task interdependence: implications for individual and group performanceJOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR, Issue 6 2006Robert C. Liden We investigated the effects of leader-member exchange (LMX) differentiation on individual and group performance with a sample of 120 work groups consisting of 834 employees who represented six different organizations. LMX differentiation was defined as the degree of variability in the quality of LMX relationships formed within work groups. Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) results did not indicate support for a main effect of LMX differentiation on individual performance. Rather, the results demonstrated that LMX moderated the relation between LMX differentiation and individual performance, such that increases in LMX differentiation were accompanied by increases in individual performance for low LMX members, but no change in individual performance for high LMX members. At the group level, there was not a main effect for LMX differentiation on group performance. However, the hierarchical regression results revealed that the relation between LMX differentiation and group performance was moderated by task interdependence, such that for groups high in task interdependence, the greater the differentiation among group members, the higher the performance of the group. Conversely, for groups with relatively lower levels of task interdependence, differentiation among subordinates was not related to group performance. Finally, LMX differentiation was positively related to group performance in groups with a low LMX median, but was not related to performance in groups with a high LMX median. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Venture Capital Availability and Labor Market Performance in Industrial Countries: Evidence Based on Survey DataKYKLOS INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, Issue 1 2010Horst Feldmann SUMMARY This paper finds that more readily available venture capital is likely to have lowered unemployment rates and raised employment rates in industrial countries over the period 1982 to 2003. More readily available venture capital is also likely to have lowered the share of long-term unemployed in the total number of unemployed. The magnitude of the effects appears to have been substantial. To measure access to venture capital, we use answers from surveys of senior business executives. We also employ a large number of control variables. Our regression results are robust to variations in specification and sample size. [source] Seasonal migration and land-use change in GhanaLAND DEGRADATION AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 1 2004A. K. Braimoh Abstract When farmers migrate yearly to a village to carry out intense farming during the rainy season, and thereafter return to a more permanent place of abode this is referred to as seasonal migration. The impact of such migration on land-use/land-cover change in an area within the Volta Basin of Ghana was examined using satellite image analysis and socioeconomic surveys. The most drastic land-cover change involved the conversion of woodland to agricultural land, while there was also a general transition to less vegetation cover. Socioeconomic surveys revealed that most of the migration occurred during the post-structural adjustment period in Ghana with declining soil fertility accounting for the highest per cent of causes of migration. Multiple regression results highlighted the role of population size and distribution, marketing of agricultural produce and technological evolution of the household in determining agricultural land-use change. Policy initiatives that could lead to environment conservation are suggested. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] From Central Planning to Centrality: Krakow's Land Prices After Poland's Big BangREAL ESTATE ECONOMICS, Issue 2 2005David Dale-Johnson We examine commercial land markets in Krakow, Poland over a 10-year period of transition from socialist management to a market economy. We explore the spatial and temporal evolution of land prices over this period. In particular, we are interested in identifying trends toward or away from centrality, and in discovering whether or not these trends acted on the city center alone or over a set of centers. The data set we employ is uniquely appropriate for this purpose as the densifying force of "highest-and-best" use,typically found in market-oriented cities,was absent under four decades of socialist planning, leaving undeveloped land scattered throughout the city. Free of quality control issues associated with disentangling the value of land from properties in which land and structures are bundled, the data offer a clean assessment of land prices within an urban area. We employ a novel, iterative approach to identify pricing centers,"nodes" of similarly sized residuals,which we interpret as evidence of omitted spatial amenities. Using this approach, we find that the price gradient in Krakow evolved toward concentration, but concentration in several centers rather than in just one. We find that the exclusion of proximity to these centers leads to biased coefficients in the hedonic regressions; we also find that the majority of the apparent spatial autocorrelation in the aspatial regressions results from the omission of proximity to these centers. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||