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Regression Analysis Shows (regression + analysis_shows)
Selected AbstractsFluctuations of Vanessa cardui butterfly abundance with El Niño and Pacific Decadal Oscillation climatic variablesGLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, Issue 5 2003ROBERT VANDENBOSCH Abstract Annual 4th of July Butterfly Count data spanning more than 20 years are examined to explore Vanessa cardui (Painted Lady) population fluctuations with ENSO (El Niño) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) indices. California, Colorado and Nebraska censuses exhibit a strong positive correlation with the strong El Niño events of 1982,1983 and 1997,1998 and the weaker event of 1991,1992. Regression analysis shows the population fluctuations are strongly coupled to climate variations on both short (El Niño) and longer (Pacific Decadal Oscillation) time scales. Recognizing the sensitivity to these time scales is important for predicting longer-term global climate change effects. [source] A multilayered approach to approximating solute polarizationJOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2004Richard I. Maurer Abstract A hybrid multilayered "ONIOM"-type approach to solvation is presented in which the basic free energy of hydration is taken from the Poisson Boltzmann method and the contribution to the solute polarization is taken from a quantum mechanical implementation of the Born method. The method has been tested on the 52 neutral molecules used in the AM1,SM2 parameterization, and the polarized continuum method is taken as the standard by which the results are assessed. Regression analysis shows that the method gives a small improvement over the standard Poisson Boltzmann method or a dramatic improvement over the Born method. The system presented here represents one of the more straightforward applications of the multilayered approach to solvation, but other more sophisticated approaches are discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 25: 627,631, 2004 [source] Relationship between dietary intake of cod liver oil in early pregnancy and birthweightBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 4 2005Anna S. Olafsdottir Objective To investigate the possible association between birth outcome and marine food and cod liver oil intake of healthy women in early (prior to 15 weeks of gestation) pregnancy. Design An observational study. Setting Free-living conditions in a community with traditional fish and cod liver oil consumption. Population Four hundred and thirty-five healthy pregnant Icelandic women without antenatal and intrapartum complications. Methods Dietary intake of the women was estimated with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) covering food intake together with lifestyle factors for the previous three months. Questionnaires were filled out at between 11 and 15 weeks and between 34 and 37 weeks of gestation. The estimated intake of marine food and cod liver oil was compared with birthweight by linear and logistic regression controlling for potential confounding. Main outcome measures Birthweight, cod liver oil intake, lifestyle factors (alcohol, smoking). Results Fourteen percent of the study population used liquid cod liver oil in early pregnancy. Regression analysis shows that these women gave birth to heavier babies (P < 0.001), even after adjusting for the length of gestation and other confounding. Conclusions Maternal intake of liquid cod liver oil early in pregnancy was associated with a higher birthweight. Higher birthweight has been associated with a lower risk of diseases later in life and maternal cod liver oil intake might be one of the means for achieving higher birthweight. [source] Short-Horizon Return Predictability in International Equity MarketsFINANCIAL REVIEW, Issue 2 2010Abul Shamsuddin G12; G14; G15 Abstract This study measures the degree of short-horizon return predictability of 50 international equity markets and examines how its variation is related to the indicators of equity market development. Two multiple-horizon variance ratio tests are employed to measure the degree of return predictability. We find evidence that return predictability is negatively correlated with publicly available indicators of equity market development. Our cross-sectional regression analysis shows that the per capita gross domestic product, market turnover, investor protection, and absence of short-selling restrictions are correlated with cross-market variations in return predictability. [source] OPTIMIZATION OF PRE-FRY DRYING OF YAM SLICES USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGYJOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING, Issue 4 2010OLAJIDE PHILIP SOBUKOLA ABSTRACT The effect of convective hot-air drying pretreatment and frying time at a frying temperature of 170 ± 1C on moisture and oil contents, breaking force (crispness) and color parameters of yam chips was investigated. Response surface methodology technique was used to develop models for the responses as a result of variation in levels of drying temperature (60,80C), drying time (1,5°min) and frying time (2,6°min). Drying pretreatment had a significant effect on oil and moisture contents, breaking force and color parameters of yam chips, with water removal exhibiting a typical drying profile. Response surface regression analysis shows that responses were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with drying temperature and time and frying time. The optimum pre-fry drying condition observed was a drying temperature of 70,75C for about 3,4 min while frying for 4,5 min. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Deep-fat frying is a very important cooking method and a lot of effort has been devoted to manufacturing fried products with lower oil content and acceptable quality parameters. The information provided in this work will be very useful in manufacturing fried yam chips of acceptable quality attributes through the combination of drying pretreatment conditions. The result is very useful in considering different processing variables and responses at the same time as compared with single factor experiment common in the literature. [source] Achieving education for all: how much does money matter?JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, Issue 2 2006Samer Al-Samarrai This paper explores the extent to which differences in the resources allocated to education explain differences in educational access and performance across countries. Cross-country regression analysis shows that the link between educational access and performance and public education expenditure is weak. The paper suggests that levels of household spending, the effectiveness of the public expenditure management system and the composition of public education spending are important factors explaining this weak link. The results imply that the achievement of the education millennium development goals will require more than just increases in expenditure on primary education. This does not imply that resources are unnecessary, but that increasing resources alone is unlikely to be sufficient. The composition of resources and institutions that govern the use of these resources play a central role in translating resources into better schooling outcomes. A stronger focus on these aspects of education systems will be required if the Millennium Development Goals in education are to be achieved. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Organizational commitment, supervisory commitment, and employee outcomes in the Chinese context: proximal hypothesis or global hypothesis?JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR, Issue 3 2003Bor-Shiuan Cheng This study examines the relationship between organizational commitment and supervisory commitment (commitment to supervisor) in terms of their effects on employee outcomes in the Chinese context. Based on the principle of compatibility, we hypothesized that organizational commitment and supervisory commitment served as logical mediators (global hypothesis and proximal hypothesis) for predicting organization-relevant and leader-relevant outcomes respectively. Moreover, because of the impact of personalism in Chinese culture, we predicted that supervisory commitment also significantly influenced organization-relevant outcomes, in addition to its effect on leader-relevant outcomes. Two separate questionnaires were administered to 538 subordinates and their supervisors in Taiwanese companies. Structural equation modeling and hierarchical block regression analysis shows that the principle of compatibility and personalism can explain the proposed relationship in this study. Implications and research directions are discussed in light of Chinese culture for future investigation into organizational commitment and supervisory commitment. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Informed trading in the index option market: The case of KOSPI 200 optionsTHE JOURNAL OF FUTURES MARKETS, Issue 12 2008Hee-Joon Ahn This study examines if informed trading is present in the index option market by analyzing the KOSPI 200 options, the most actively traded derivative product in the world. The spread decomposition model developed by Madhavan, Richardson, and Roomans (1997) is utilized and the adverse-selection cost component of the spread estimated by the model is then used as a proxy for the degree of informed trading. We find that adverse-selection costs constitute a nontrivial portion of the transaction costs in index options trading. Approximately one-third of the spread can be accounted for by information asymmetry costs. A further analysis indicates that adverse-selection costs are positively related with option delta. Our regression analysis shows that option-related variables are significantly associated with estimated information asymmetry costs, even when controlling for proxies for informed trading in the index futures market. Finally, we find the evidence that foreign investors are better informed compared to domestic investors and that domestic institutions have an edge in terms of information over domestic individuals. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 28:1118,1146, 2008 [source] Psychological Collectivism as a Moderator of the Impact of Supervisor,Subordinate Personality Similarity on Employees' Service QualityAPPLIED PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2003C. Harry Hui Des chercheurs ont démontré que le collectivisme psychologique joue un rôle modérateur dans la relation entre certains construits. Les caractéristiques situationnelles peuvent avoir différents impacts sur les individualistes et les collectivistes dont les attitudes et valeurs divergent face aux relations interpersonnelles. Les collectivistes accordent beaucoup d'importance aux relations harmonieuses avec autrui, et seraient démoralisés quand ces relations sont menacées ou qu'elles ne se développent pas. Les individualistes voient l'individu comme la base de la survie et sont moins affectés par un manque d'harmonie. Nous avions prévu que l'effet de la similitude de personnalité entre superviseur,subordonné sur la qualité des services qu'un employé offre serait plus grand pour les collectivistes que pour les individualistes. Cette hypothèse a été testée auprès de 605 représentants à la clientèle et 113 superviseurs pour qui la similitude de personnalité a été mesurée par le nombre d'items pour lesquels les deux parties ont donné la même réponse. Bien que le collectivisme psychologique n'a pas d'effet direct sur la qualité du service, une analyse de régression indique que cette variable entre en interaction avec la similitude de personnalité. Ce résultat donne plus de soutien au modèle du rôle modérateur du collectivisme psychologique. Researchers have found psychological collectivism (PC) to play a moderating role in relationships among certain constructs. Situational characteristics may have different impacts on individualists and collectivists, who have discrepant attitudes and values regarding interpersonal relationships. The collectivists strongly value harmonious relationships with others, and would be demoralised when such relationships are threatened or do not materialise at all. The individualists view the self as the basic unit of survival, and are less affected even if harmony is not guaranteed. On the basis of this PC-as-moderator perspective, we expected that the effect of supervisor,subordinate personality similarity on the quality of service an employee delivers would be stronger among collectivists than among individualists. This hypothesis was tested with 605 front-line customer service staff and 113 supervisors, whose personality similarity was indexed by the number of personality items to which both parties gave the same answers. Although psychological collectivism does not have direct effect on service quality, regression analysis shows that it interacts with personality similarity, lending further support to the PC-as-moderator model. [source] Do Integrated Children's Services Improve Children's Outcomes?: Evidence From England's Children's Trust PathfindersCHILDREN & SOCIETY, Issue 5 2009Margaret O'Brien Thirty-five children's trust pathfinders, local cross-sector partnerships, were introduced across England in 2003 to promote greater integration in children's services. Using administrative performance data, this paper tracks yearly trends in child service outputs and child well-being outcomes from 1997 to 2004 in these local areas, including the period before their introduction. Professional perceptions of change in child outcomes are also presented. Time series regression analysis shows there was a general improvement in England in these selected performance indicators prior to the introduction of children's trusts pathfinders. Children's trust pathfinder areas initially focusing on ,all children' in their local area, rather than selected groups of children, showed the most progress. There was no consistent quantitative evidence for better outcomes in more integrated areas, however, 25 of the 35 survey respondents provided locally specific examples of children's trust pathfinder arrangements improving outcomes for children and young people. [source] | ||||||||||||||||