			Home About us Contact

Reference Structures (reference + structure)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Chemistry	33%

Selected Abstracts

The five-factor personality inventory: cross-cultural generalizability across 13 countries

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 5 2003
A. A. Jolijn Hendriks
In the present study, we investigated the structural invariance of the Five-Factor Personality Inventory (FFPI) across a variety of cultures. Self-report data sets from ten European and three non-European countries were available, representing the Germanic (Belgium, England, Germany, the Netherlands, USA), Romance (Italy, Spain), and Slavic branches (Croatia, Czech Republic, Slovakia) of the Indo-European languages, as well as the Semito-Hamitic (Israel) and Altaic (Hungary, Japan) language families. Each data set was subjected to principal component analysis, followed by varimax rotation and orthogonal Procrustes rotation to optimal agreement with (i) the Dutch normative structure and (ii) an American large-sample structure. Three criteria (scree test, internal consistency reliabilities of the varimax-rotated components, and parallel analysis) were used to establish the number of factors to be retained for rotation. Clear five-factor structures were found in all samples except in the smallest one (USA, N,=,97). Internal consistency reliabilities of the five components were generally good and high congruence was found between each sample structure and both reference structures. More than 80% of the items were equally stable within each country. Based on the results, an international FFPI reference structure is proposed. This reference structure can facilitate standardized communications about Big Five scores across research programmes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Topological resonance energy, bond resonance energy, and circuit resonance energy

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2008
Jun-ichi Aihara
Abstract Circuit resonance energy (CRE) is a key quantity that links energetic and magnetic criteria of aromaticity for a polycyclic ,-system. Topological resonance energy (TRE) correlates well with the sum of CREs for an entire ,-system. We found that bond resonance energy (BRE), so far defined to estimate the degree of kinetic stability for a polycyclic ,-system, also correlates very well with the corresponding quantity defined with CREs. These findings justify the view that graph-theoretical quantities, such as TRE and BRE, can be used safely even though they rely on unrealistic reference structures. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Cephalometric evaluation of condylar and mandibular growth modification: a review

ORTHODONTICS & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2006
G Shen
Structured Abstract Authors ,, Shen G, Darendeliler MA Objective ,, Based on a wealth of orthodontic archives, this work aims to review the cephalometric analysis systems that can identify the changes in condylar and mandibular position as well as growth direction in response to bite jumping therapy. Design ,, Numerous cephalometric approaches were screened to testify their feasibility and reliability in accurately depicting the growth modification of the condyle and the mandible. The critical assessment of the working mechanisms of these cephalometric methods was elaborated to help build up the rationale and justification for their clinical use. Results ,, 1) The changes in condylar and mandibular size, position and growth direction can be identified by using lateral cephalograms with closed-mouth or open-mouth posture. 2) With superimposition methods where the anatomical structures for superimposition registration must be stable and reproducible, the growth modification of the condyle and the mandible between two time-points is qualitatively demonstrated in a diagram if reference lines are not constructed. The growth modification can be quantitatively identified if the reference lines are created. 3) With non-superimposition methods, the size and position of the condyle and the mandible are separately identified for each time-pint by relating them to the stable reference structures. The growth modification between two time-pints is evaluated by comparing the two separate measurements. Conclusion ,, The application of a standardized and well designed cephalometric evaluation system may reduce the bias that attribute to the arbitrariness of the clinical effects of bite jumping functional appliances. [source]

Similarity-Based Virtual Screening with a Bayesian Inference Network

CHEMMEDCHEM, Issue 2 2009
Ammar Abdo
Abstract An inference network model for molecular similarity searching: The similarity search problem is modeled using inference or evidential reasoning under uncertainty. The inference network model treats similarity searching as an evidential reasoning process in which multiple sources of evidence about compounds and reference structures are combined to estimate resemblance probabilities. Many methods have been developed to capture the biological similarity between two compounds for use in drug discovery. A variety of similarity metrics have been introduced, the Tanimoto coefficient being the most prominent. Many of the approaches assume that molecular features or descriptors that do not relate to the biological activity carry the same weight as the important aspects in terms of biological similarity. Herein, a novel similarity searching approach using a Bayesian inference network is discussed. Similarity searching is regarded as an inference or evidential reasoning process in which the probability that a given compound has biological similarity with the query is estimated and used as evidence. Our experiments demonstrate that the similarity approach based on Bayesian inference networks is likely to outperform the Tanimoto similarity search and offer a promising alternative to existing similarity search approaches. [source]