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Recent Research Advances (recent + research_advance)
Selected AbstractsCordyceps fungi: natural products, pharmacological functions and developmental productsJOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY: AN INTERNATI ONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2009Professor Xuanwei Zhou Abstract Objectives Parasitic Cordyceps fungi, such as Cordyceps sinensis, is a parasitic complex of fungus and caterpillar, which has been used for medicinal purposes for centuries particularly in China, Japan and other Asian countries. This article gives a general idea of the latest developments in C. sinensis research, with regard to the active chemical components, the pharmacological effects and the research and development of products in recent years. Key findings The common names for preparations include DongChongXiaCao in Chinese, winter worm summer grass in English. It has many bioactive components, such as 3,-deoxyadenosine, cordycepic acid and Cordyceps polysaccharides. It is commonly used to replenish the kidney and soothe the lung, and for the treatment of fatigue. It also can be used to treat conditions such as night sweating, hyposexuality, hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, asthenia after severe illness, respiratory disease, renal dysfunction, renal failure, arrhythmias and other heart disease and liver disease. Because of its rarity and outstanding curative effects, several mycelia strains have been isolated from natural Cordyceps and manufactured by fermentation technology, and are commonly sold as health food products. In addition, some substitutes such as C. militaris and adulterants also have been used; therefore, quality control of C. sinensis and its products is very important to ensure their safety and efficacy. Summary Recent research advances in the study of Cordyceps, including Cordyceps mushrooms, chemical components, pharmacological functions and developmental products, has been reviewed and discussed. Developing trends in the field have also been appraised. [source] Reversible and High-Capacity Nanostructured Electrode Materials for Li-Ion BatteriesADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 10 2009Min Gyu Kim Abstract Reversible nanostructured electrode materials are at the center of research relating to rechargeable lithium batteries, which require high power, high capacity, and high safety. The higher capacities and higher rate capabilities for the nanostructured electrode materials than for the bulk counterparts can be attributed to the higher surface area, which reduces the overpotential and allows faster reaction kinetics at the electrode surface. These electrochemical enhancements can lead to versatile potential applications of the batteries and can provide breakthroughs for the currently limited power suppliers of mobile electronics. This Feature Article describes recent research advances on nanostructured cathode and anode materials, such as metals, metal oxides, metal phosphides and LiCoO2, LiNi1,xMxO2 with zero-, one-, two-, and three-dimensional morphologies. [source] God's will, God's punishment, or God's limitations?JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 6 2007Religious coping strategies reported by young adults living with serious mental illness Qualitative research has demonstrated that religious meaning-making coping, defined as attributions of a stressful life event that involve the sacred, is particularly relevant to persons with serious mental illness. However, recent research advances in the study of religious coping have yet to be employed in clinical samples. This longitudinal study examines religious meaning-making coping in a sample of 48 young adults diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder over a one-year period. Young adults with mental illness generally reported using religious meaning-making coping in levels comparable to nonpsychiatric samples. Reports of benevolent religious reappraisals were associated with perceptions of positive mental health, whereas punishing God reappraisals and reappraisals of God's power were associated with self-reported distress and personal loss. Religious coping variables accounted for variation in adults' reports of psychiatric symptoms and personal loss one year later over and above demographic and global religious variables. Implications of findings for clinical practice are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol. [source] Program: Twenty Fourth Annual Symposium on Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease and Other Movement DisordersMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 6 2010Article first published online: 26 APR 2010 The symposium will consist of current issues in genetic and environmental contributions to Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders with peer-reviewed platform and poster presentations designed to communicate recent research advances, including new pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options, in the field of Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, ataxia, dystonia, myoclonus, Tourette's syndrome, tremor and other movement disorders thereby enhancing patient care. [source] Program: Twenty Third Annual Symposium on Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Treatment of Parkinson's Disease and Other Movement DisordersMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 12 2009Article first published online: 11 SEP 200 The symposium will consist of two keynote speakers and peer-reviewed platform and poster presentations designed to communicate recent research advances, including new pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options, in the field of Parkinson's disease, Huntington disease, ataxia, dystonia, myoclonus, Tourette's syndrome, Essential Tremor and other movement disorders thereby enhancing patient care. Professionals in neurology and related disciplines as well as practitioners, psychologists, educators, and researchers are invited to attend. The gaps in clinical practice we wish to address are the unmet needs pertaining to the translational and clinical evaluation, along with the care and treatment of patients and families affected by Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. At the conclusion of this session, participants should be able to: 1) Identify and describe by scholarly review, oral presentation and group discussion the current research into the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Essential Tremor (ET) which may be relevant to current treatment or which may lead to the development of further research protocols; 2) Distinguish and assess the important advances in research and clinical treatments relating to Parkinson's disease and Essential Tremor in terms of available treatment options or new methodologies for clinical research; 3) Explain new pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options available for Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders in connection with their clinical practice or with regard to further clinical research methods; 4) Interpret the mechanisms (genetic, environmental, pathophysiology, neurobiology) linked to Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders when assessing Parkinson's disease or other movement disorder patients or when developing new research protocols; and 5) Employ diagnostic approaches and tools available for assessing Parkinson's disease and Essential Tremor when diagnosing new patients or when conducting clinical research. 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